Highly efficient electrocatalysts composed of earth‐abundant elements are desired for water‐splitting to produce clean and renewable chemical fuel. Herein, a heteroatomic‐doped multi‐phase Mo‐doped ...nickel phosphide/nickel sulfide (Mo‐NiPx/NiSy) nanowire electrocatalyst is designed by a successive phosphorization and sulfuration method for boosting overall water splitting (both oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions (HER)) in alkaline solution. As expected, the Mo‐NiPx/NiSy electrode possesses low overpotentials both at low and high current densities in HER, while the Mo‐NiPx/NiSy heterostructure exhibits high active performance with ultra‐low overpotentials of 137, 182, and 250 mV at the current density of 10, 100, and 400 mA cm−2 in 1 m KOH solution, respectively, in oxygen evolution reaction. In particular, the as‐prepared Mo‐NiPx/NiSy electrodes exhibit remarkable full water splitting performance at both low and high current densities of 10, 100, and 400 mA cm−2 with 1.42, 1.70, and 2.36 V, respectively, which is comparable to commercial electrolysis.
A heteroatomic‐doped multi‐phase Mo‐doped nickel phosphide/nickel sulfide (Mo‐NiPx/NiSy) electrocatalyst with abundant heterogeneous interfaces is designed and applied for robust full water splitting, which delivers 10 mA cm−2 at cell voltage of 1.42 V and 400 mA cm−2 at 2.36 V. Furthermore, the electrode exhibits high stability in overall water splitting without decay even after 50 h testing, which provides great potential for commercial applications.
A rational structural strategy to design rambutan-like NiFe-LDH nanocluster arrays electrode via a buffer-salt-assisted hydrothermal method was reported. For our developed electrode, large stable ...current density of 100 and 200 mA cm
−2
at overpotential of only 283 and 300 mV in oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline electrolyte was obtained, which is dramatically lower than many previous reported overpotentials. It also exhibits low Tafel slope at current range from 10 to 25 mA cm
−2
(56.47 mV dec
−1
). Further analysis demonstrates the key role of higher carriers of the rambutan-like NiFe-LDH nanocluster arrays electrode in boosting the water-splitting performance of the resulting system. Benefiting from the fine geometry shape of the self-supported nanocluster nanoarrays electrode, the transfer process of the reactants and oxygen/hydrogen bubbles is accelerated. In addition, a 19-time enhancement of carrier concentration for our developed rambutan-like NiFe-LDH nanoclusters (2.9 × 10
29
m
−3
) is obtained. Notably, the resultant rambutan-like NiFe-LDH nanocluster arrays electrode exhibits enhanced stability (in high and low current density) for the full water splitting in 1 M KOH, remaining nearly 100% of the original current density after continued testing for 20 h. This finding may provide new insight on rational structural design LDH nanostructures with high performance for electrocatalysis.
Graphic abstract
A highly hydrophilic NiFe-LDH nanocluster arrays electrode is developed for efficient full water splitting. Large and stable current density of 200 mA cm
−2
is obtained at overpotential of 300 mV. Besides, the faraday efficiency is nearly 100%.
•Ethanol yields of SFA1OE were around 0.492 g/g totalsugars in different hydrolysates.•Diploid strain SQ-2 displays improved ethanol yield and high temperature resistance.•Contributions of gene SFA1 ...on ethanol yields were evaluated in various hydrolysates.•SFA1OE with high ethanol yield fits to alkaline-distilled sweet sorghum bagasse.
Here, an engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain SFA1OE was constructed by overexpressing SFA1 in a reported WXY70 with effective six-gene clusters. Under simulated maize hydrolysate, SFA1OE produced an ethanol yield of 0.492 g/g totalsugars within 48 h. The productivity of SFA1OE was comprehensively evaluated in typical hydrolysates from stalks of maize, sweet sorghum, wheat and Miscanthus. Within 48 h, SFA1OE achieved an ethanol yield of 0.489 g/g totalsugars in the optimized hydrolysate of alkaline-distilled sweet sorghum bagasse derived from Advanced Solid-State Fermentation process. By crossing SFA1OE with a DQ1-derived haploid strain, we obtained an evolved diploid strain SQ-2, exhibiting improved ethanol production and thermotolerance. This study demonstrates that overexpressing SFA1 enables efficient fermentation performance in different lignocellulosic hydrolysates, especially in the hydrolysate of alkaline-distilled sweet sorghum bagasse. The increased cellulosic bioethanol production of SFA1OE provides a promising platform for efficient biorefineries.
Recycling of random mechanical energy in the environment has attracted great research interest in recent years. Herein, we report a rotating triboelectric nanogenerator (rTENG) based on GO@PVDF ...composite film. Benefit from the effective accumulation of electrostatic charges on the PVDF layers, the as-prepared rTENG shows high output performance. Its peak open-circuit voltage (Voc) and short-circuit current (Isc) are 35 V and 7.5 μA, respectively, which are 3 and 3.5 times than pure PVDF based rTENG at 600 rpm, and the maximum power density calculated is 15.2 mW/m−2. Based on the as-prepared GO@PVDF-based rTENG, some practical applications are established, for example, lighting 12 led light bulbs to full brightness and sensing wind speed, which demonstrates the high feasibility and efficiency of the rTENG and manifests that the rTENG could be used in reusing random energy.
The effective non‐precious metal catalysts toward the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are highly desirable for electrochemical water splitting. Herein, we prepare a novel glass‐ceramic ...(Ni1.5Sn@triMPO4) by embedding crystalline Ni1.5Sn nanoparticles into amorphous trimetallic phosphate (triMPO4) matrix. This unique crystalline‐amorphous nanostructure synergistically accelerates the surface reconstruction to active Ni(Fe)OOH, due to the low vacancy formation energy of Sn in glass‐ceramic and high adsorption energy of PO43− at the VO sites. Compared to the control samples, this dual‐phase glass‐ceramic exhibits a remarkably lowered overpotential and boosted OER kinetics after surface reconstruction, rivaling most of state‐of‐the‐art electrocatalysts. The residual PO43− and intrinsic VO sites induce redistribution of electron states, thus optimizing the adsorption of OH* and OOH* intermediates on metal oxyhydroxides and promoting the OER activity.
A novel glass‐ceramic (Ni1.5Sn@triMPO4) with unique crystalline‐amorphous nanostructure accelerates the surface reconstruction to form superior OER electrocatalysts, which can be explained by the low vacancy formation energy of Sn atom and high adsorption energy of phosphate anions at O‐vacancy sites. This work showcases the importance of unique glass‐ceramic structure in boosting the surface reconstruction and improving electrocatalytic activity.
The practical application of Li–S batteries has been greatly hindered by severe shuttle effects and sluggish kinetics. Anchoring soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) onto host materials by ...chemisorption is an effective strategy for extending battery life. In this work, we performed systematic density functional theory calculations to evaluate the anchoring performance of O/F-covered MXene (M2TC2) in lithium–sulfur batteries. Our results indicate that the moderate anchoring strength (∼2.5 eV), outstanding sulfur reduction performance (U L > −0.6 V), and low lithium ion diffusion barrier (<0.2 eV) of Mo2CF2 and V2CF2 make them promising host materials for LiPSs. We further revealed the determinants of the strength of binding of LiPSs to M2CT2. On the basis of the strong correlation among Q M, χO/F, and E a, we established a “structure–property” equation to reveal the active origin of M2CT2. We expect that the framework established in this work will accelerate the development of Li–S batteries.
•BiOF micro/nanostructures with tunable morphologies were prepared.•NTA molecules was used as structure directing reagents.•The amount of NTA and pH value play vital roles in the reaction.•The ...photocatalytic activities of BiOF were studied by MG solution under UV light.
BiOF with tunable morphologies (polygonal disk-shaped columns, polygonal flakes and square flakes) have been prepared via a facile hydrothermal route, in which nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) was used as a structure directing reagent. It was found that the morphologies and crystalline structures of the as-obtained BiOF were dependent on the NTA dosage and the pH value. Based on the observation of the photocatalytic selectivity of typical polygonal disk-shaped columns of BiOF towards different types of organic dyes, we further investigated the photocatalytic activities of the BiOF with different morphologies by the degradation of malachite green (MG) solution under UV light irradiation. The results showed that disk-shaped columns of BiOF had the best photocatalytic activity, and the degradation rate of MG reached 95.34 % after 20 min of irradiation. The photocatalytic efficiency was much higher than those of other morphological BiOF micro/nanostructures. The results of this study strongly indicate that BiOF has a broad application prospect in the field of photocatalysis.
Two highly efficient artificial light-harvesting systems (ALHSs) in water have been successfully fabricated through the supramolecular assembly of an anthryl-cinnamonitrile derivative (ABTA), a ...water-soluble pillar5arene (WP5), and two conventional fluorescent dye molecules (Nile Red (NiR) and sulforhodamine (SR101)). The fabricated ALHSs display efficient energy transfer efficiency (85.7% for WP5⊃ABTA-NiR and 83.2% for WP5⊃ABTA-SR101) and possess ultrahigh donor-acceptor molar ratio (ABTA/NiR = 250:1 and ABTA/SR101 = 250:1). Significantly, the formed WP5⊃ABTA nanoparticles enhance the aggregation-induced emission ability of ABTA and function as a brilliant donor to transfer the harvested energy to acceptors NiR and SR101 in aqueous solution with high antenna effects (21.8 for WP5⊃ABTA-NiR and 26.1 for WP5⊃ABTA-SR101).
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•A novel AIE molecule ABTA was synthesized.•Two efficient energy donor-acceptor models were explored and constructed.•Highly efficient ALHSswere constructed in aqueous solution.•The fabricated ALHSs show high energy transfer efficiency and antenna effect with an ultrahigh energy donor/acceptor ratio of 250:1.
A biocompatible block glycopolymer poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-poly(3-
O
-allyl-α-D-glucose) (PMAG) was employed as a polymeric dispersant for the dispersion of nano-TiO
2
. PMAG was prepared from ...methyl methacrylate (MMA) and 3-O-allyl-1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropynylene-α-D-glucose (ADG) via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The obtained product was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (
1
H NMR) spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The copolymer showed good biocompatiblity by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The maximum adsorption capacity for PMAG on nano-TiO
2
is 4.11 mg/g, which is in good agreement with Langmuir isotherm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image indicated that nano-TiO
2
is well dispersed by PMAG. Raman and FT-IR spectra demonstrated that PMAG is absorbed onto the surface of nano-TiO
2
.
•Hierarchical Bi24O31Br10 microsphere adsorbents are prepared.•The adsorbent exhibits an effective and selective adsorption on anionic dyes.•The adsorption is well described by Langmuir and ...pseudo-second-order model.•The adsorption process is an endothermic and spontaneous physical process.
Developing new, high-efficiency and environmentally-friendly adsorbents are of great importance for more efficient removal of contaminants from wastewater. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the synthesis parameters to control the surface area and morphology of the adsorbent, thereby improving the adsorption performance. Herein, hierarchical nanoflakes-assembled Bi24O31Br10 microspheres with high removal capacity of organic dyes were rationally designed and prepared by an ethylene glycol (EG) mediated solvothermal method. Different morphological Bi24O31Br10 and BiOBr were controllably synthesized by adjusting the amount of EG and pH value. A possible mechanism of formation was proposed from the results of morphological evolution. Congo red (CR) was adopted as typical contaminants to prove the absorption capacity of such unique Bi24O31Br10 hierarchical structures. The adsorption isotherm conforms to the Langmuir model, which provides the maximum calculated adsorption capacity of the nanoflakes-assembled hierarchical Bi24O31Br10 microspheres 465.1 mg/g. The adsorption mechanisms of CR onto Bi24O31Br10 mainly attributed to the electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding. The as-prepared Bi24O31Br10 hierarchical structure can be used as a candidate material for the removal of contaminants in wastewater.
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