Grinding is considered as the final process at the end of the manufacturing chain where high surface integrity is to be achieved. The continuous usage of abrasive wheel results in wheel loading and ...wheel wear. Reconditioning of grinding wheel is carried out by dressing operation to regain its cutting ability and efficiency. Downtime associated with frequent dressing operation results in reduced productivity. This study aims to develop a hardware and software system based on image processing for extracting the wheel loading information during the grinding operation thereby predicting the grinding wheel dressing intervals. Surface integrity of the machined surface of the workpiece is mostly influenced by the abrasive wheel parameters, machining parameters and wheel loading. In this research work, wheel parameters were kept constant throughout. Machining parameters were optimized using RSM approach. The results of ANOVA analysis demonstrated that feed rate and work rotation speed influences surface finish significantly during the cylindrical grinding operation with 35.43% and 26.57% respectively. With the wheel parameters kept constant and grinding operation being carried out at optimized cutting conditions, surface roughness depends mainly on wheel loading alone. Raspberry Pi along with Veho USB microscope was used for capturing and processing the images of the grinding wheel. Wheel loading was quantitatively evaluated by applying binary segmentation technique. Surface roughness was monitored throughout the grinding operation. Wheel loading and surface roughness were correlated using regression equation. This correlation was used as an explicit criterion in predicting the dressing intervals.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically established and highly evolving treatment modality for cancer. PDT utilizes a light responsive drug called photosensitizer that selectively destroys tumor ...cells upon light irradiation. Squaraines are a class of dyes possessing all favorable characteristics of a photosensitizer and have been considered to be a potent candidate for next generation PDT. In this study we chose an iodo derivative of squaraine called diiodo-squaraine (bis(3, 5-diiodo-2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)squaraine) which has been reported for its tumor specificity but least studied for its cellular and molecular functions. Our studies revealed that the iodo derivative of squaraine possess maximum photodynamic activity in human breast cancer cells MDA- MB- 231 and had very little cytotoxicity in normal breast cells MCF-10A. We analyzed its pro and anti-apoptotic events initiated by oxidative stress exploring a proteomic approach and delineated other critical molecular pathways and key proteins involved in regulating the complex network of cellular response upon PDT. Our study showed that, diiodo- squaraines predominantly accumulate in mitochondria and induce mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Our study also reveals the novel mechanistic role of diiodo-squaraines to induce oxidative stress there by activating both protective and death inducing pathways post PDT.
Progesterone is a biphasic hormone whose confounding role in breast cancer cells involves an initial proliferative surge, followed by sustained growth arrest. Recently we reported that progesterone ...induces a time- and concentration-dependent release of reactive oxygen species and thus regulates the antiproliferative activity in the breast cancer cell line. Furthermore, the expression of p27, a crucial cell cycle control protein, was regulated by binding of progesterone on progesterone receptor B, thus leading to antiproliferative signaling via multiple signaling pathways including p53, PTEN, and antioxidant systems. Here, we performed an LC–MS/MS analysis of three different breast cancer cell lines. Bioinformatics data analysis and functional classification of proteins revealed a role of progesterone in calcium signaling in MCF-7 cells, and the major differentially expressed calcium regulators were S100A11, S100A10, calreticulin, VDAC1, SERCA3, and SERCA1. Later on we confirmed it by a cell-line-based system having a calcium cameleon sensor targeted at endoplasmic reticulum and found moderate calcium efflux from endoplasmic reticulum upon progesterone treatment. Real-time PCR, Western blot, and TMRM staining confirmed the role of calcium signaling regulators VDAC1 and SERCA3 in progesterone response. Taking together all of these results with our previous studies, we suggest that progesterone, by regulating important proteins involved in calcium signaling and transport, can modulate cell proliferation and cell death. Furthermore, our research may open new avenues for the hypothesis that surgery conducted during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle might facilitate improved patient survival.
In this paper we introduce a novel approach for incrementally building aspect models, and use it to dynamically discover underlying themes from document streams. Using the new approach we present an ...application which we call “query-line tracking” i.e., we automatically discover and summarize different themes or stories that appear over time, and that relate to a particular query. We present evaluation on news corpora to demonstrate the strength of our method for both query-line tracking, online indexing and clustering.
Increasing reports of successful and safe application of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) for cell therapy are pouring in from numerous studies. However poor survival of ...transplanted cells in the recipient has impaired the benefits of BM-MSCs based therapies. Therefore cell product preparation procedures pertaining to MSC therapy need to be optimized to improve the survival of transplanted cells. One of the important ex vivo procedures in the preparation of cells for therapy is passaging of BM-MSCs to ensure a suitable number of cells for transplantation, which may affect the turnover of proteins involved in regulation of cell survival and (or) death pathways. In the current study, we investigated the effect of an increase in passage number of BM-MSCs in cell culture on the intracellular protein turnover (protein synthesis, processing, and degradation machinery). We performed proteomic analysis of BM-MSCs at different passages. There was no significant difference observed in the ribosomal, protein processing, and proteasomal pathways related proteins in BM-MSCs with an increase in passage number from P3 to P7. Therefore, expansion of MSCs in the cell culture in clinically relevant passages (Passage 3-7) does not affect the quality of MSCs in terms of intracellular protein synthesis and turnover.
Endocardial endothelium, which lines the chambers of the heart, is distinct in its origin, structure, and function. Characterization studies using genomics and proteomics have reported molecular ...signatures supporting the structural and functional heterogeneity of various endothelial cells. However, though functionally very important, no studies at protein level have been conducted so far characterizing endocardial endothelium. In this study, we used endothelial cells from pig heart to investigate if endocardial endothelial cells are distinct at the proteome level. Using a high-throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for proteome profiling and expression, we identified sets of proteins that belong to specific biological processes and metabolic pathways in endocardial endothelial cells supporting its specific structural and functional roles. The study also identified several transcription factors and cell surface markers, which may have roles in the specificity of endocardial endothelium. The detection of sets proteins preferentially expressed in endocardial endothelium offers new insights into its role in the regulation of cardiac function. Data are made available through ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD009194.
Grinding, the commonly used final finishing process across various industries for preparation of surfaces, uses an abrasive cutting wheel. Surface finish is the most commonly used index of final ...product quality in terms of aesthetics, corrosion resistance and others. The final surface finish of the grounded components depends on the cutting conditions of the grinding wheel and the machining parameters. Grinding wheel loading and wheel wear are the significant factors that determine the cutting conditions of the grinding wheel. Grinding wheel dressing is usually carried out to restore the original cutting conditions of the wheel. Speed, feed and depth of cut are the various machining parameters that affect the final surface finish. This paper aims to develop a predictive as well as optimization model by integrating Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with Genetic Algorithm (GA). Experiments were conducted on cylindrical grinding machine with Silicon Carbide grinding wheel. Speed, feed and depth of cut were selected as the three machining parameters with three different levels. Multilayer Normal Feed Forward ANN model of type 3-5-1 was considered for the prediction of surface roughness. Predicted values using the ANN model showed good agreement with the experimental values of surface roughness. Using ANN model alone could have the drawback that local minima based on initial parameters/training can be mistaken for the global optimum. Integrating Genetic Algorithm (GA) with ANN model overcomes this to a great extent. Such a hybrid technique can result in global optimal point of the machining parameters thereby leading to minimum surface roughness. The experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed method in the predictive modeling and optimization of grinding parameters.
Medial swivel variant of talonavicular dislocation is rare. Usually, it is caused by high velocity trauma. They are relatively easier to reduce and are associated with fewer complications than pure ...dorsal dislocations and sub talar dislocations. We report a case of medial swivel dislocation of talonavicular caused by a low energy trauma, its management and one year follow up result.
Display omitted
•This study is the first step towards the creation of a metabolomic map of calcified human aortic valves.•The study highlights an independent association of LysoPA with CAVS ...severity.•The study demonstrates that LysoPA levels are associated with faster CAVS progression rate.
This study outlines the first step toward creating the metabolite atlas of human calcified aortic valves by identifying the expression of metabolites and metabolic pathways involved at various stages of calcific aortic valve stenosis progression. Untargeted analysis identified 72 metabolites and lipids that were significantly altered (p < 0.01) across different stages of disease progression. Of these metabolites and lipids, the levels of lysophosphatidic acid were shown to correlate with faster hemodynamic progression and could select patients at risk for faster progression rate.
PDF
