Background Diligent monitoring of inequalities in the coverage of essential reproductive, maternal, new-born and child health related (RMNCH) services becomes imperative to smoothen the journey ...towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In this study, we aim to measure the magnitude of inequalities in the coverage of RMNCH services. We also made an attempt to divulge the relationship between the various themes of governance and RMNCH indices. Methods We used National Family Health Survey dataset (2015-16) and Public Affairs Index (PAI), 2016 for the analysis. Two summative indices, namely Composite Coverage Index (CCI) and Co-Coverage (Co-Cov) indicator were constructed to measure the RMNCH coverage. Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and Relative Index of Inequality (RII) were employed to measure inequality in the distribution of coverage of RMNCH. In addition, we have used Spearman's rank correlation matrix to glean the association between governance indicator and coverage indices. Results & conclusions Our study indicates an erratic distribution in the coverage of CCI and Co-Cov across wealth quintiles and state groups. We found that the distribution of RII values for Punjab, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal hovered around 1. Whereas, RII values for Haryana was 2.01 indicating maximum inequality across wealth quintiles. Furthermore, the essential interventions like adequate antenatal care services (ANC4) and skilled birth attendants (SBA) were the most inequitable interventions, while tetanus toxoid and Bacilli Calmette- Guerin (BCG) were least inequitable. The Spearman's rank correlation matrix demonstrated a strong and positive correlation between governance indicators and coverage indices.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify, analyze and develop a model to measure the interactions among different factors of organizational readiness for change in service sector specific to ...healthcare organization. The total interpretive structural modeling (TISM)-based readiness for change is to build a theoretical framework to understand the mutual interactions among the factors and to identify the driving and dependence power of these factors.
Design/methodology/approach
TISM is used to identify factors that contribute to analyze the readiness state before starting a change implementation process in healthcare. Matrice d’Impacts croises-multiplication applique´ a classement analysis is used to find the driving and dependent factors of change in healthcare.
Findings
This paper identified 12 factors of readiness for change from literature review followed by expert interview to understand the inner connection of factors and study inner relationships. The result says that state of affairs, recent trends in healthcare sector, technology advancement and interdependence among departments are key factors for readiness of change.
Research limitations/implications
This research mainly focused on readiness factors for change in the healthcare sector.
Practical implications
This study will be useful for researcher and practitioners to understand the readiness factors for change.
Originality/value
In this research work, TISM-based readiness for the change framework structural model has been proposed for healthcare organizations which is a new effort in the area of organizational change management in this sector.
PurposeThe concern for environmental sustainability has created the need for businesses to embrace new environmentally responsible behavior, values and beliefs. Developing green culture has the ...capability of influencing employee attitudes and behavior and instilling certain values that shape an internal culture. The purpose of this study is to understand the causal relationship between the factors that influence green organization culture (GOC) in manufacturing small and medium manufacturing enterprises (SMEs) since they are considered significant contributors to environmental pollution. The study also aims to execute the driving and dependency power analysis to find the most and least significant factors of GOC.Design/methodology/approachThe study identified eight factors through an extensive literature review and validated them with the specialists. The total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) approach was employed for discovering the interaction among the identified factors and developing their structural hierarchy. Further matriced impact croises multiplication applique (MICMAC) analysis was carried out to determine the driving-dependence power of each factor.FindingsThe study discovered that the factors namely “Top management commitment and support towards green practices and workforce greening F(2)”, “Internal regulatory forces towards the environmental system (F3)” and “Organization's mission including environmental concern (F6)” were observed to be the most significant ones. “Environment that creates green work-life balance F(8)” and “Environment that promotes green attitude and behavior F(4)” were identified to be extremely dependent on the remaining factors.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed outline has been established in the context of India and is restricted to manufacturing SMEs. The methodology presented in the study relies solely on experts' opinions which are qualitative in nature. Integration with a different method can be used to do statistical validation and add new variables to the problem, thereby reducing restrictions. The findings may facilitate manufacturing SME owners/managers and HR managers to recognize the most and least important factors of GOC and their causal relationships. This will increase awareness of GOC practices among managers thus contributing to environmental performance.Practical implicationsIt is essential for manufacturing small and medium enterprises to enhance their GOC for reducing its negative impact on the environment and further for gaining competitive advantage. Also, this research will offer insights into environmental management and enlarge awareness in the subsequent fields: of academics, practitioners and decision-makers who are engaged in managing environmental issues at various stages.Originality/valueThe researchers believe that the study is highly significant for manufacturing SMEs as they contribute to the economy as well as environmental degradation. Also, none of the research focused on understanding the causal relationships between the factors of GOC using the TISM approach in the Indian manufacturing SMEs context. This research adds an important contribution to the current GOC literature.
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•Textile wastewater treatment by ZVAl based AOPs.•Enhancement in process efficiency of ZVAl/O2 process with Fe3+, H2O2 and persulfate addition.•97.9% colour, 94.4% COD and 58.3% ...ammoniacal nitrogen removal.
Treatment of textile wastewater by advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on zero-valent aluminium (ZVAl) were carried out in the present study. COD removal efficiencies of ZVAl/O2, ZVAl/Fe3+/O2, ZVAl/Fe3+/O2/H2O2 and ZVAl/Fe3+/O2/persulfate processes were monitored and optimized. Colour and ammoniacal nitrogen removal efficiencies of each process at the optimal operating conditions were compared. Pollutant removal efficiencies of AOPs were followed the order as: ZVAl/Fe3+/O2/H2O2 > ZVAl/Fe3+/O2/persulfate > ZVAl/Fe3+/O2 > ZVAl/O2. Maximum COD, colour and ammoniacal nitrogen removal efficiencies of ZVAl-based AOPs were found as 97.9%, 94.4% and 58.3%, respectively at 1 g/L ZVAl, 0.5 g/L Fe3+, 6.7 g/L H2O2 and after 3 h of contact time. External addition of tert-butyl alcohol to the processes revealed that in-situ hydroxyl and sulfate radicals are the main oxidants responsible for the oxidation of pollutants. Overall, ZVAl-based AOPs are efficient for treating effluents generating from textile industry.
As dairy industries has been emerged as one of the most rapidly developing industry in both small as well as large scale, the volume of effluent generated is also very high. In the present study, ...aerated electrocoagulation combined with phytoremediation treatment was conducted in dairy industry wastewater. Electrocoagulation was performed with aluminium and iron electrodes and effect of various operating parameters such as electrode combination, pH, and voltage were tested. Electrocoagulation was found effective at neutral pH and its efficiency increased with increase in applied voltage. The maximum COD removal efficiency of 86.4% was obtained in case of Al–Fe electrode combination with aeration at 120 min reaction time, initial pH 7, voltage 5 V. Significant growth of Canna indica was observed in electrocoagulation treated wastewater compared to raw dairy wastewater. COD removal of 97% was achieved when combined electrocoagulation and phytoremediation process was used. Thus, it proves to be a proficient method for the treatment of dairy industry wastewater. In addition to the above, bacterial toxicity tests were performed to investigate the toxic nature of wastewater and the results showed that both treated and untreated wastewater favoured bacterial growth.
•Aeration improved the performance of electrocoagulation.•Al–Fe electrode combination found effective for diary wastewater treatment.•97% COD removal by combined electrocoagulation and phytoremediation process.
Efficient placement of cameras to perform surveillance tasks has a significant impact on the overall performance as well as cost of video surveillance systems. Identifying an optimal configuration ...for cameras in a surveillance system to maximize coverage is a combinatorial optimization problem. This paper proposes two algorithms for identifying optimal camera configuration for a multi-camera network with predefined camera locations. We propose an Alternate Global Greedy (AGG) algorithm, a novel variant of the Global Greedy algorithm by making significant modifications to the traditional execution strategy to produce better coverage results. Additionally, we propose an innovative Greedy Grid Voting (GGV) algorithm, which gives preference to cover unique as well as critical regions and effectively addresses a broad range of coverage scenarios mandated by the application. The proposed algorithms are validated on map images across diverse scenarios with predefined camera locations. Experimental results show that our algorithms maximize the coverage results with minimal overlap, compared to the existing greedy techniques.
Purpose
This paper aims to identify, analyze and categorize the major readiness factors for implementing Lean Six Sigma (LSS) in health-care organizations using total interpretive structural ...modelling technique. The readiness factors are identified would help the managers to recognize the areas that lack and provide importance to the successful implementation of LSS in those areas. The paper further intends to understand the hierarchical interrelationships among the readiness factors identified using dependence and driving power.
Design/methodology/approach
In total, 16 readiness factors are identified from the literature review and expert opinions are collected from hospitals. The scheduled interview is conducted based on a questionnaire survey in hospitals in the Indian context to identify the relevance of the relations among the readiness factors. The expert opinions are used in the initial reachability matrix and interpretative interaction matrix. Matrix impact cross multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC) analysis uses dependence and driving power to understand the hierarchical relationship among the readiness factors identified.
Findings
The result indicates that customer-oriented and goal management cultures are the key readiness factors for LSS. The execution technique and training are given according to the current demand of customers and goal change of organization. The manager needs to concentrate more on readiness factors to formulate the execution process of LSS for continuous improvement of the health-care organization. The readiness level helps the manager to identify the target area for LSS execution.
Research limitations/implications
This research focuses mainly on readiness factors for the implementation of LSS in the health-care industry.
Practical implications
This study would be useful for researchers and practitioners to understand the readiness factors before starting the implementation process of LSS.
Originality/value
Many research studies are being done on the success and failure rate of implementation of factors. The present study identifies the readiness factors related to LSS, especially for the health-care industry.
Purpose
Circular economy has emerged as one of the most important approaches to addressing environmental challenges. Organizations have begun to act on their abilities to enhance their sustainability ...management to enable a circular economy. The role of organizational learning and green human resource management in the transition to a more circular economy remains unknown. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the inter-relationship between the factors of organizational learning and green human resource management, and it aims to rank the identified factors of manufacturing small and medium businesses (SMEs) based on their driving and dependency power and to detect the most substantial factors.
Design/methodology/approach
This study identified 11 organizational learning and green human resource management (GHRM) factors after conducting a thorough literature analysis and consulting with experts. To investigate the interaction of the indicated factors and to build their structural hierarchy, this study used the total interpretive structural modeling method. Further, Matriced Impact Croises Multiplication Applique (MICMAC) analysis was used to establish each factor’s driving and dependent power.
Findings
This study discovered that factors “Green separation” and “Organizational learning culture” were found to be significant; “Green performance management” and “Green health and safety management” were observed to be extremely reliant on the remaining GHRM factors.
Research limitations/implications
The recommended framework has been established in the Indian background and is restricted to manufacturing SMEs. Still, the same framework can be applied to other sectors by slightly modifying it. Also, the analysis is based on the experts’ view and this may be biased. The findings of this study will help human resources managers and SME owner-managers clarify the most and least significant factors of organizational learning and GHRM and their relationships, leading to increased awareness of organizational learning and GHRM practices for enlightened environmental performance.
Practical implications
The proposed framework might facilitate decision-makers and practitioners to comprehend the relations between organizational learning and GHRM factors. This will support SME owner-managers in understanding the influence of one factor on another factor in manufacturing SMEs.
Originality/value
Until now, the protruding interest of researchers has been focused mostly on large manufacturing enterprises. However, manufacturing SMEs, which are much smaller when compared to large manufacturing companies, significantly contribute to the economy as well as environmental pollution. Thus, this study provides a vital contribution to the current literature by determining the suitable relationship between the organizational learning and GHRM components, as no previous studies focused on exploring the same using the total interpretive structural modeling approach in the Indian manufacturing SMEs environment.
Treatment of mixed industrial wastewater is a challenging task due to its high complexity. This work scrutinizes the electrochemical treatment of mixed industrial wastewater, specifically ...electrocoagulation and indirect electrochemical oxidation processes through COD and color removal studies. Both processes are found to be more efficient at the wastewater pH. Monopolar connection was found more effective than bipolar connection for the removal of COD and color from wastewater. The monopolar connection removed COD up to 55% and color 56% whereas bipolar connection leads to the removal of 43% and 48% respectively at wastewater pH with an applied voltage 1.5 V in the course of 1 h of electrolysis.
In the case of indirect electrochemical oxidation process using graphite electrodes, the COD and color abatement efficiencies of the indirect electrochemical oxidation process were found as 55% and 99.8%, respectively within 1 h of electrolysis conducted at pH 7.7, applied voltage 4 V, and NaCl concentration 1 g L−1. This work also highlights the importance of the presence of electrolytes in the indirect electrochemical oxidation process as the external addition of sodium chloride significantly enhanced both COD and color elimination efficiency.
•Electrocoagulation treatment for mixed industrial wastewater.•Enhanced performance of monopolar connection than bipolar mode.•Indirect electrochemical oxidation treatment for mixed industrial wastewater.•Enhanced performance with external addition of chloride in the indirect electrochemical oxidation process.
Purpose
Unsustainable actions have resulted in the deterioration of the environment. Higher education institutions are social entities responsible for developing future leaders who have the skills ...and abilities to solve societal challenges. This study aims to develop a conceptual assessment model of environmental sustainability in higher education and apply the model to test the environmental sustainability level of a higher education institution.
Design/methodology/approach
The fuzzy logic method is used to develop the conceptual model, and a higher education institution in India was selected for evaluating the environmental sustainability level.
Findings
The fuzzy environmental sustainability index for the higher education institution selected for the study was computed as (3.58, 4.95, 6.33). The computed value identifies the institution as “environmentally sustainable”. The calculation of the fuzzy performance importance index further helped in identifying weak attributes that need improvement.
Research limitations/implications
The result of this study would help the management understand their current environmental sustainability level and take corrective measures to improve the weak attributes. It would also assist the institution in reworking its processes and practices.
Originality/value
This study has contributed to the literature of environmental sustainability assessment by creating a conceptual model for evaluating environmental sustainability in higher education. This model can be applied to any higher education institution.
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