Usually a thunderstorm region with lightning activity is necessary for the formation of known types of upper atmospheric transient luminous events (TLEs: sprites, emission of light and very low ...frequency perturbation, blue jets, etc.) with well-recognizable visible emissions. However, some "far-from-thunderstorm" transient events have been detected in some experiments. Measurements of transient atmospheric events (TAEs) were made on board the Vernov satellite by the sensitive UV and IR detector. Remote observation from the satellite's orbit provided measurements all over the globe and allowed us to study events associated with thunderstorms (lightning, TLEs) and unusual UV flashes (UV TAEs) far from thunderstorm regions. More than 8500 UV TAEs were measured by the Vernov satellite over the globe. Forty seven far-from-thunderstorm TAEs were selected having no lightning discharges during 1 h in a radius of 1000 km around the location of the event according to the Worldwide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) and Vaisala Global Lightning Data Set (GLD360) data. Special attention was given to six events with complicated temporal structure and low luminosity in the IR channel. Their properties and atmospheric conditions were studied in detail. The analysis of cloud cover in addition to the lightning location networks data demonstrated the low probability of any lightning in the region of measurements.
We present the earliest astronomical observation of a high-energy neutrino error box of which the variability was discovered after high-energy-neutrino detection. The one robotic telescope of the ...MASTER global international networks automatically imaged the error box of the very high-energy-neutrino event IceCube-170922A. Observations were carried out in minutes after the IceCube-170922A neutrino event was detected by the IceCube observatory at the South Pole. MASTER found the blazar TXS 0506+056 to be in the off-state after one minute and then switched to the on-state no later than two hours after the event. The effect is observed at a 50 significance level. We also present own a unique 16 yr light curve of blazar TXS 0506+056 (518 data set).
Electron fluxes with energies >0.3 MeV have been measured on the SiriusSat-1 satellite in the final stage of its flight in the altitude range from ~400 to 180 km in the region of the South Atlantic ...anomaly. The existing models of distributions of electron fluxes in the near-Earth space such as the АЕ8 and АЕ9 models primarily concern trapped particles in radiation belts at altitudes above 400 km. Data on subrelativistic electron fluxes at altitudes below 300 km are almost absent. Since the SiriusSat-1 satellite operated until its burning in the atmosphere, unique measurements of the altitude behavior of subrelativistic electron fluxes have been performed, in particular in the region of the South Atlantic anomaly.
The use of the normalized range method for an analysis of the fast variability of electron fluxes in near-Earth space is proposed. This method makes it possible to conclude whether a uniform time ...series corresponds to a random process, or whether there are memory effects or excessive variability. This study analyzes the
SiriusSat
experiment data. We used data on the time of each particle interaction in the detector with an accuracy of ~20 μs, which makes it possible to study variations in electron fluxes of subrelativistic energies on subsecond time scales. In some cases, the value of the Hurst exponent indicates excessive flux variability in the gap region (
) east of the South Atlantic anomaly at characteristic times of 0.6–0.9 s.
Abstract
This article presents the early results of synchronous multiwavelength observations of one of the brightest gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) GRB 160625B with the detailed continuous fast optical ...photometry of its optical counterpart obtained by MASTER and with hard X-ray and gamma-ray emission, obtained by the Lomonosov and Konus-Wind spacecraft. The detailed photometry led us to detect the quasi-periodical emission components in the intrinsic optical emission. As a result of our analysis of synchronous multiwavelength observations, we propose a three-stage collapse scenario for this long and bright GRB. We suggest that quasiperiodic fluctuations may be associated with forced precession of a self-gravitating rapidly rotating superdense body (spinar), whose evolution is determined by a powerful magnetic field. The spinar’s mass allows it to collapse into a black hole at the end of evolution.
The propagation of cosmic ray particles in the atmosphere is modeled and altitude profiles are calculated for radiation dose rates behind aluminum shielding of different thicknesses. Results could ...serve as the basis for a system for monitoring radiation exposure during flights of aircraft.
This paper presents data on the simultaneous and complementary observations of the gamma-ray burst (GRB) GRB 161017A for optical, X-ray, and gamma wavelengths obtained by the Russian multi-messenger ...Lomonosov space observatory and supplemented by additional data from the Swift satellite as well as the ground-based MASTER Global Robotic Net and the 10 m Gran Telescopio Canarias. Multifrequency spectra of this very powerful explosion indicate that it originated at a distance of 10 billion light years from Earth. Here, we present the results of the prompt, early, and afterglow optical observations. The light curves and spectra suggest that the prompt optical and high-energy emissions occur in the same region near the GRB source.
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