Numerous acoustic features have been proposed as useful measures to characterize natural soundscapes, which can be employed to examine the impact of land transformation on the audible properties of a ...location. The extensive collection of available features demands an examination to identify the most informative and discriminative ones for a given problem. In this study, we conduct an empirical investigation into the selection of acoustic features for discriminating between highly and moderately transformed versions of four Colombian soundscapes: Moorlands, coffee plantations, dry tropical forests, and pastures. We employ classical supervised feature selection techniques along with exploratory tools such as correlation matrices and scatter plots. Our results indicate that a few acoustic features are sufficient to differentiate between the classes. Specifically, those features that estimate acoustic complexity via intrinsic variability of sound intensities or biodiversity through species richness or abundance in specific frequency bands are the most discriminative ones. These findings suggest that the selection of acoustic features can assist in analyzing and distinguishing between different soundscapes.
Abstract
Indirect effects of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic are difficult to calculate. Fear of intrahospital infection has led to a decrease in the use of ...emergency services and the performance of elective procedures. Several low- and middle-income countries have seen the number of institutional deliveries reduced, even in the absence of a follow-up program for home births. We present the case of a patient with adequate prenatal care and an institutional delivery plan who, due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, chose to have a home delivery with unsafe conditions. The lack of supervision by health personnel and the absence of an immediate consultation plan facilitated the presentation of postpartum hemorrhage and poor neonatal results. Little attention has been paid during the pandemic to pregnant women who decide to have their birth at home. A broad discussion is necessary in this regard, to regain the confidence of the population and strengthen institutional births, or to strengthen midwife-assisted home births programs. Patients’ fear to acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection inside hospitals is a factor that must be taken into account in prenatal care programs.
The Racing and Crowded Thoughts Questionnaire (RCTQ-13) is the most widely used specific scale for the measurement of racing thoughts, but there is currently no Spanish version that allow the ...evaluation in Spanish-speaking patients. The objective of this study is to translate, adapt, and validate the RCTQ-13 in a Colombian population with affective disorders.
The questionnaire was translated and back-translated, and corrections were implemented following a pilot test to improve comprehensibility. We included patients with Bipolar I Disorder and with Major depressive disorder seen in three centers in the city of Medellín, Colombia. We evaluate structural validity with confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. Construct validity was also assessed with the comparison between euthymic, maniac, and depressive episodes and the correlation with worry, rumination, and mania scales. Responsiveness was measured 1 month after the first evaluation. Based on item response theory (IRT), we also estimated item difficulty, discrimination, and fit using a generalized partial credit model.
Two hundred fifty subjects were included. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the three-factor structure of the scale was appropriate. Internal consistency was adequate for the entire scale (Cronbach's alpha = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.94-0.96) and for each factor. Test-retest reliability was good (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.82, 95%IC: 0.70-0.88). For construct validity, we observed differences between patients with different types of affective episodes, a moderate positive correlation with the Penn State Worry Scale (r = 0.55) and the Ruminative Response Scale (r = 0.42), and a low negative correlation with the Young Mania Rating Scale (r = - 0.10). Responsiveness was proved to be adequate. Under IRT, the response thresholds for the response options are organized for all items. The infit was adequate for all items and the outfit was acceptable.
The Spanish version of the RCTQ-13 is a reliable, valid, and responsive scale and can be used for the clinical assessment of the construct of racing and crowded thoughts in patients with the spectrum of affective disorders in whom this experience can be expressed with different nuances. Further research is needed to expand the relationship with rumination and worry.
Recent studies have indicated that starch from legumes can potentially be used as an alternative to commercial flour with applications in food and biomaterials; however, some modifications may be ...required first to improve their functionality, as they show relatively lower solubility and functional properties compared to commonly marketed flours (e.g. good water retention capacity). This work used multiple enzymes in flour extracts of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), a legume, to optimize the enzyme hydrolysis process of such extracts by the Response Surface Method (RSM), to increase the digestibility and obtain desirable functional attributes at the nutritional level. The pH, temperature, time and enzyme/substrate (E/S) ratio were evaluated, and the degree of hydrolysis (DH) was calculated as well as the reducing sugar content (%RS), used as response variable. According to the experimental design, the best pH, temperature, time and E/S ratio were 6.8, 43 °C, 1.84% m/m and 270 min, respectively. The %RS for the samples under optimal conditions was 3.49 ± 0.02%, and the in vitro digestibility yielded values of 39.2 ± 0.4, 58.6 ± 0.3 and 2.2 ± 0.2 for slowly digestible starch (SDS), rapidly digestible starch (RDS) and resistant starch (RS), respectively. Total digestibility (TD) was 97.8 ± 0.5. The statistical analysis revealed a strong positive relationship for E/S ratio followed by pH: (E/S) ratio, temperature and pH. Enzymatic hydrolysis carried out on pigeon pea showed an increase in TD. Viscosity, water retention capacity (WRC) and solubility were evaluated showing good response for future applications at the industrial level.
Enzymatic hydrolysis; Starch; Pigeon pea; Total digestibility
El presente artículo se inscribe en el marco de la perspectiva de la modernidad/colonialidad, que busca aportar a la construcción de un marco de análisis para el ocio en las sociedades periféricas. ... Desarrolla la categoría “diferencia colonial”, para dar cuenta de la forma como el ocio es configurado en este espacio particular, a partir de procesos de tensión entre las historias locales y los diseños globales. Propone una mirada que busca aportar a los necesarios procesos de reflexión y problematización del ocio, en sociedades que por su configuración en el sistema-mundo moderno/colonial, han sido ubicadas en condiciones de subalternidad e inferioridad.
Numerous acoustic features have been proposed as useful measures to characterize natural soundscapes, which can be employed to examine the impact of land transformation on the audible properties of a ...location. The extensive collection of available features demands an examination to identify the most informative and discriminative ones for a given problem. In this study, we conduct an empirical investigation into the selection of acoustic features for discriminating between highly and moderately transformed versions of four Colombian soundscapes: Moorlands, coffee plantations, dry tropical forests, and pastures. We employ classical supervised feature selection techniques along with exploratory tools such as correlation matrices and scatter plots. Our results indicate that a few acoustic features are sufficient to differentiate between the classes. Specifically, those features that estimate acoustic complexity via intrinsic variability of sound intensities or biodiversity through species richness or abundance in specific frequency bands are the most discriminative ones. These findings suggest that the selection of acoustic features can assist in analyzing and distinguishing between different soundscapes.
O documento apresentado é baseado nos resultados de uma investigação que foi realizada a partir de uma pesquisa documental qualitativa, com o objetivo de fornecer algumas referências que permitissem ...a outros pontos de vista, além das referências totalizadoras, no campo dos estudos do lazer, reconhecer a complexidade como condição constitutiva de nossas sociedades. América Latina. O lazer heterogêneo, então, como uma alternativa para lidar com a condição de heterogeneidade constitutiva de nossa região.
El documento que se presenta se fundamenta en los en los resultados de una investigación que se realizó a partir de una investigación cualitativa de tipo documental, con el propósito de aportar ...algunos referentes que posibilitaran otras miradas, más allá de las referencias totalizantes, en el campo de los estudios de ocio, para reconocer la complejidad como condición constituyente de nuestras sociedades latinoamericanas. El ocio abigarrado pues, como alternativa para lidiar con la condición de heterogeidad constitutiva de nuestra región.
This paper shows a comparison of three methods to do forecasts, applied to electric energy daily demand of Colombia. The characterization of the behavior and forecast of daily energy demand of the ...country is very important for energy regulators in Colombia. Increasingly explored techniques are created in order to improve forecasts of energy consumption in the country, so this work is a comparison of three statistical techniques applied to forecast it, determining the advantages and disadvantages of each of these from their results and the most efficient according to the indicator: mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). SARIMA techniques are found to be inadequate, whereas econometric and Bayesian method are efficient.
En este artículo se muestra una comparación de tres métodos para realizar pronóstico, aplicados sobre la demanda de energía eléctrica diaria de Colombia. La caracterización del comportamiento y pronóstico de la demanda energética diaria tiene gran importancia para las entidades reguladoras de la energía en Colombia. Cada vez son más las técnicas exploradas con el fin de mejorar los pronósticos de consumo de energía del país; por ello, en este trabajo se muestra una comparación de tres técnicas estadísticas aplicadas a su pronóstico, determinando las ventajas y desventajas de cada una, a partir de sus resultados y cuál es la más eficiente acorde con el indicador de error absoluto medio porcentual (MAPE). Entre los resultados se encuentran eficientes los modelos: econométrico y bayesiano utilizado, pero no muy acertado el modelo estimado SARIMA.
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