Bladder cancer is the most common cancer of the urinary system. Bladder urothelial cancer accounts for 90% of bladder cancer. These two cancers have high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The ...identification of biomarkers for bladder cancer and bladder urothelial cancer helps in their diagnosis and treatment. circRNAs are considered oncogenes or tumor suppressors in cancers, and they play important roles in the occurrence and development of cancers. In this manuscript, we developed an Ensemble model, CDA-EnRWLRLS, to predict circRNA-Disease Associations (CDA) combining Random Walk with restart and Laplacian Regularized Least Squares, and further screen potential biomarkers for bladder cancer and bladder urothelial cancer. First, we compute disease similarity by combining the semantic similarity and association profile similarity of diseases and circRNA similarity by combining the functional similarity and association profile similarity of circRNAs. Second, we score each circRNA-disease pair by random walk with restart and Laplacian regularized least squares, respectively. Third, circRNA-disease association scores from these models are integrated to obtain the final CDAs by the soft voting approach. Finally, we use CDA-EnRWLRLS to screen potential circRNA biomarkers for bladder cancer and bladder urothelial cancer. CDA-EnRWLRLS is compared to three classical CDA prediction methods (CD-LNLP, DWNN-RLS, and KATZHCDA) and two individual models (CDA-RWR and CDA-LRLS), and obtains better AUC of 0.8654. We predict that circHIPK3 has the highest association with bladder cancer and may be its potential biomarker. In addition, circSMARCA5 has the highest association with bladder urothelial cancer and may be its possible biomarker.
CdSSe nanobelts (NBs) are synthesized by thermal evaporation and then characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ...high-resolution electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence (PL), and cathodoluminescence (CL). It is found that the CdSSe NBs have a good morphology and microstructure without defects. CL is sensitive to the defects of CdSSe NBs; thus, we can select single nanobelt with homogeneous CL emission to prepare a detector. Based on it, the photodetector of single CdSSe NB was developed and its photoelectric properties were investigated in detail. It is found that under illumination of white light and at the bias voltage of 1 V, the photocurrent of a single CdSSe nanobelt device is 1.60 × 10
−7
A, the dark current is 1.96 × 10
−10
A, and the ratio of light current to dark one is 816. In addition, the CdSSe nanobelt detector has high photoelectric performance with spectral responsivity of 10.4 AW
−1
and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 19.1%. Its rise/decay time is about 1.62/4.70 ms. This work offers a novel strategy for design wavelength-controlled photodetectors by adjusting their compositions.
Multiferroic materials have been receiving attention for their potential applications in multifunctional devices. Chemical substitution is an effective method for improving the physical properties of ...BiFeO₃ (BFO). However, different experimental results have been reported for Lanthanum- (La-) and Manganese (Mn) -doped BFO ceramics. Here, we systematically studied the magnetic properties and spontaneous polarization of La-, Mn-, and Nitrogen (N) -doped tetragonal BiFeO₃ using density functional theory with the generalized gradient approximation and U-value method. The calculated results demonstrated that the systems show ferromagnetism with Mn and N doping, whereas no magnetization was found with La doping in G- and C-type antiferromagnetic orderings. Our research further revealed that the ferromagnetism is attributed to the
-
orbital hybridization. Berry-phase polarization calculations predicted a large polarization of 149.2 µC/cm² along the 001 direction of pure tetragonal BFO. We found that La and N substitution had little influence on the spontaneous polarization, whereas Mn substitution reduced the spontaneous polarization. The reduced energy barrier heights of the doped systems indicate the reduced stability of the off-centering ferroelectricity against the thermal agitation. These findings provide greater understanding for controlling and tuning the multiferroic properties of BFO.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex polygenic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose. Multiple environmental and genetic factors can increase the risk of T2DM and its ...complications, and genetic polymorphisms are no exception. This review is mainly focused on the related genes involved in glucose metabolic, including G6PC2, GCK, GCKR and OCT3. In this review, we have summarized the results reported globally and found that the genetic variants of GCK and OCT3 genes is a risk factor for T2DM while G6PC2 and GCKR genes are controversial in different ethnic groups. Hopefully, this summary could possibly help researchers and physicians understand the mechanism of T2DM so as to diagnose and even prevent T2DM at early time. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Genetic polymorphism, G6PC2, GCK, GCKR, OCT3
With the continuous improvement in material life, people are paying more and more attention to air quality; therefore, it is critical to design efficient and stable gas sensor devices. In this work, ...a flowery WSe2 nanostructure and its nanocomposite (Au@WSe2) decorated with Au nanoparticles were fabricated by the hydrothermal method. The performance of a resistive sensor with flowery WSe2 and Au@WSe2 sensors was evaluated by detecting volatile organic compounds such as ethanol, isoamylol, n-butyl alcohol, isopropanol, isobutanol and n-propanol. The results show that Au-nanoparticle-decorated flowery WSe2 can decrease the optimal working temperature from 215 °C to 205 °C and significantly enhance the response of flowery WSe2. The response values to isoamylol are the highest (as high as 44.5) at a low gas concentration (100 ppm), while the response values to ethanol are the highest (as high as 178.5) at a high gas concentration (1000 ppm) among the six different alcohols. Moreover, the response is steady and repeatable. The results demonstrate that the Au@WSe2 substrate has good responsiveness and selectivity, which makes it a promising candidate for gas detection.
All-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr
is considered as a promising photoelectric material due to its high environmental stability and excellent photoelectric properties. Constructing low-dimension hybrid ...structures by combining CsPbBr
with semiconductor materials have recently attracted particular attention because they may bring new functionalities or generate synergistic effects in optoelectronic devices. Herein, the high-quality 1D CdSe nanobelt (NB)/CsPbBr
microwire (MW) photodetectors are designed first time, which exhibit excellent performance as integrating
ratio of 5.02 × 10
, responsivity of 1.63 × 10
A/W, external quantum efficiency of 3.8 × 10
% and detectivity up to 5.33 × 10
Jones. These properties are all improved at least one order of magnitude compared to those of single CsPbBr
photodetectors. Moreover, the response range is broadened from the 300–570 nm (the single CsPbBr
device) to 300–740 nm (the hybrid photodetector). Then, the first-principles calculations are carried out to reveal the physical mechanism from the atomic scale. The remarkably improved optoelectronic properties are attributed to the high crystalline quality as well as unique band alignment of hybrid structure that facilitate the effective separation and transport of photogenerated carriers. These works indicate that 1D CdSe/CsPbBr
hybrid devices have promising applications in building high-performance and broader spectral response photodetectors and other optoelectronic devices.
Abstract
Both all‐inorganic lead‐free perovskite and CdS nanobelts possess outstanding photo‐detective properties. Herein, a hybrid photodetector based on four CdS nanobelts (NBs)/Cs
3
Sb
2
Br
9
...nanoflake (NF) heterojunction fabricated by a dry‐transfer tactic is designed. In this structure, four parallel CdS nanobelts almost fully cover the Cs
3
Sb
2
Br
9
NF so that their photoelectronic advantage is demonstrated. The Cs
3
Sb
2
Br
9
is exploited as an efficient light absorber and component for the construction of type‐II energy band with CdS. Compared with a single CdS NB/Cs
3
Sb
2
Br
9
NF device, the hybrid four CdS NBs/Cs
3
Sb
2
Br
9
NF device increases the hybrid area ratio of the channel from 36% to 86%, and demonstrates an appealing performance on an ultrahigh ON/OFF current ratio of 1.54 × 10
5
, remarkable responsivity of 4.13 × 10
3
A W
−1
, large detectivity of 1.47 × 10
15
Jones, and tremendous external quantum efficiency of 1.14 × 10
6
%, which are 9.5, 3.8, 7.2, and 3.8 times greater than the single CdS NB/Cs
3
Sb
2
Br
9
NF device, respectively. Moreover, the photoresponse wavelength of the hybrid four CdS NBs/Cs
3
Sb
2
Br
9
NF device is broadened to 400–520 nm. This work offers a strategy to enhance the photoelectric performance of hybrid devices, along with the illustration of vital insight into advanced device designs for violet‐green photodetectors.
Ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs) with single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) dominated micron-wide stripe patterned as channel, (Bi,Nd)
4
Ti
3
O
12
films as insulator, and HfO
2
films ...as defect control layer were developed and fabricated. The prepared SWCNT-FeFETs possess excellent properties such as large channel conductance, high on/off current ratio, high channel carrier mobility, great fatigue endurance performance, and data retention. Despite its thin capacitance equivalent thickness, the gate insulator with HfO
2
defect control layer shows a low leakage current density of 3.1 × 10
−9
A/cm
2
at a gate voltage of − 3 V.
Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) nonvolatile thin-film transistors (TFTs) with (Bi,Nd) 4 Ti 3 O 12 (BNT) gate insulators were fabricated. The electrical properties of BNT films and SWCNT/BNT ...TFTs were investigated. The subthreshold swing, the threshold voltage, the channel mobility, and the ON/OFF ratio of SWCNT/BNT TFTs reach to 62.5 mV/decade, 0.45 V, 1.3 × 10 3 cm 2 /Vs, and 1.5 × 10 7 , respectively. Notably, the device shows a memory window of ~4.1 V and a long retention time of ~10 7 s. These mainly attribute to the SWCNTs channel and BNT ferroelectric gate insulator, which induce much larger charge in channel layer. These results suggest that the SWCNT/BNT TFTs are suitable for the next-generation nonvolatile memory devices and integrated circuits.
Using the first-principles calculations based on the density functional theory, we have investigated the magnetic properties of Cu-doped ZnO both in bulk and nanocluster. The calculated results show ...that the substitutional Cu ions are spin polarized and have a tendency to assemble. It is found that the ground state has shown a change from ferromagnetic phase to antiferromagnetic phase as the size for the doping system decreases from bulk to nanocluster. In bulk ZnO, the ferromagnetism is attributed to the strong hybridization between Cu 3d and O 2p states. In ZnO nanocluster, however, the antiferromagnetic exchange interaction is dominant because of the very close Cu–Cu distance.
► The Cu ions are spin polarized and have a tendency to assemble. ► Intrinsic defects have a large effect on the ground-state magnetic ordering. ► The magnetic phase is different for different sizes of the doping system.
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