•The prevalence of prenatal stress, anxiety and depression in early pregnancy was 91.86%, 15.04% and 5.19%, respectively.•The presence of other mental disorders was the most important risk factor for ...prenatal stress, anxiety and depression in pregnant women.•Pregnant women who lack of social support were more likely to have prenatal stress and anxiety symptoms.•Pregnant women who lack of family care were more likely to have prenatal depression.•Women with group-oriented personality were more likely to have prenatal depressive symptoms during pregnancy.
Prenatal mental disorders are associated with maternal and fetal adverse outcomes, while few studies have been performed in mainland China. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of maternal stress, anxiety and depression in early pregnancy and provide scientific basis for reducing prenatal mental disorders.
Data were obtained from 1220 women with < 15 weeks gestation in a cohort study conducted in Chongqing, China. Prenatal stress, anxiety and depression were assessed using the pregnancy pressure scale, the Hamilton anxiety scale, and the self-rating depression scale, respectively.
The prevalence of prenatal stress, anxiety and depression in early pregnancy was 91.86%, 15.04% and 5.19%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk factors for prenatal stress include housewife/unemployment, presence of anxiety and low- and moderate-level social support, besides, the protective factors were exercise, active smoking and no suggestion from parents. Housewife/unemployment, primiparity, presence of stress and depression and low-level social support were found to be associated with the development of anxiety symptoms, whereas exercise had a protective effect on it. Group-oriented personality, presence of anxiety, no suggestion from husband, low- and moderate-level family care, and low-level social support were risk factors for prenatal depression.
All participants were recruited from one region of China, and none of them have a history of cesarean section.
Early screening and intervention may have great significance for reducing mental disorders of pregnant women, and the family and society support should be brought into the intervention as well.
•A generalized variable-coefficient Burgers equation is introduced based on the (2+1)- dimensional Burgers model.•The lump solutions to the generalized Burgers equation with variable coefficients is ...derived, and the amplitude and velocity of the extremum point are analyzed for the lump wave.•The mixed solutions including lump-one-kink and lump-two-kink cases are investigated, and different and interesting interaction phenomena arise from assigning abundant functions to the variable coefficients.
A generalized Burgers equation with variable coefficients is introduced based on the (2+1)-dimensional Burgers equation. Using the test function method combined with the bilinear form, we obtain the lump solutions to the generalized Burgers equation with variable coefficients. The amplitude and velocity of the extremum point are derived to analyze the propagation of the lump wave. Moreover, we derive and study the mixed solutions including lump-one-kink and lump-two-kink cases. With symbolic computation, two cases of relations among the parameters are yielded corresponding to the solutions. Different and interesting interaction phenomena arise from assigning abundant functions to the variable coefficients. Especially, we find that the shape of kink waves might be parabolic type, and one lump wave can be decomposed into two lump waves. The test function method is applicable for the generalized Burgers equation with variable coefficients, and it will be applied to some other variable-coefficient equations in the future.
We present compatible finite element space discretizations for the ideal compressible magnetohydrodynamic equations. The magnetic field is considered both in div- and curl-conforming spaces, leading ...to a strongly or weakly preserved zero-divergence condition, respectively. The equations are discretized in space such that transfers between the kinetic, internal, and magnetic energies are consistent, leading to a preserved total energy. We also discuss further adjustments to the discretization required to additionally achieve magnetic helicity preservation. Finally, we describe new transport stabilization methods for the magnetic field equation which maintain the zero-divergence and energy conservation properties, including one method which also preserves magnetic helicity. The methods' preservation and improved stability properties are confirmed numerically using a steady state and a magnetic dynamo test case.
•Compatible finite elements for ideal compressible magnetohydrodynamics.•Exact discrete zero-divergence, balanced energy transfers, preserved total helicity.•Can use temperature or pressure; transport stabilization included for both.•Can use div- or curl-conforming magnetic field, with new transport stabilization.•New transport stabilization does not destroy discrete structure preservation.
Potassium‐modified graphitic carbon nitride (K‐g‐C3N4) nanosheets are synthesized by a facile KCl‐template method that holds the advantage of easy removal of residual template. A combination of XRD, ...X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma analyses are utilized to characterize the obtained resultant K‐g‐C3N4 architectures, which are composed of nanosheets of variable thickness (<10 nm). Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution experiments under visible light irradiation showed that K‐g‐C3N4 nanosheets have high photocatalytic activities (up to about thirteen times higher than that of pure g‐C3N4) as well as good stability (no reduction in activity within 16 h); both features emanate from their unique structural characteristics. These results illustrate the viability of this methodology for the facile synthesis of efficient heterogeneous photocatalysts for potential commercial applications.
Visible superiority in hydrogen production! Potassium‐modified graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) nanosheets are synthesized by a facile KCl‐template method using no hazardous chemicals. The resultant architecture has a high photocatalytic activity (thirteen times higher than that of pure g‐C3N4) as well as good stability for hydrogen evolution under visible light irradiation.
The falsification of data related to c-kit+ cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) by a Harvard laboratory has been a veritable tragedy. Does this fraud mean that CPCs are not beneficial in models of ...ischemic cardiomyopathy? At least 50 studies from 26 laboratories independent of the Harvard group have reported beneficial effects of CPCs in mice, rats, pigs, and cats. The mechanism of action remains unclear. Our group has shown that CPCs do not engraft in the diseased heart, do not differentiate into new cardiac myocytes, do not regenerate dead myocardium, and thus work via paracrine mechanisms. A casualty of the misconduct at Harvard has been the SCIPIO trial, a collaboration between the Harvard group and the group in Louisville. The retraction of the SCIPIO paper was caused exclusively by issues with data generated at Harvard, not those generated in Louisville. In the retraction notice, the
editors stated: "Although we do not have any reservations about the clinical work in Louisville that used the preparations from Anversa's laboratory in good faith, the lack of reliability regarding the laboratory work at Harvard means that we are now retracting this paper". We must be careful not to dismiss all work on CPCs because of one laboratory's misconduct. An unbiased review of the literature supports the therapeutic potential of CPCs for heart failure at the preclinical level.
•The Painlevé test has been conducted to reveal the Painlevé-integrability of a novel (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear model.•Non-resonant soliton solutions, Bäacklund transformation, Lax pair and ...infinitely many conservation laws have been derived.•The criterion for the linear superposition principle has been given, which can be used to generate the resonant solutions.
The (2+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili type equations describe the nonlinear phenomena and characteristics in oceanography, fluid dynamics and shallow water. In the literature, a novel (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear model is proposed, and the localized wave interaction solutions are studied including lump-kink and lump-soliton types. Hereby, it is of further value to investigate the integrability characteristics of this model. In this paper, we firstly conduct the Painlevé analysis and find it fails to pass the Painlevé test due to a non-vanishing compatibility condition at the highest resonance level. Then we derive the soliton solutions and give the formula of the N-soliton solution, which is proved by means of the Hirota condition. The criterion for the linear superposition principle is also given to generate the resonant solutions. Bäcklund transformation, Lax pair and infinitely many conservation laws are derived through the Hirota bilinear method and Bell polynomial approach. As a result, we have a more overall understanding of the integrability characteristics of this novel (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear model.
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