Glioma, characterized by its undesirable prognosis and poor survival rate, is a serious threat to human health and lives. MicroRNA-9 (miR-9) is implicated in the regulation of multiple tumors, while ...the mechanisms underlying its aberrant expression and functional alterations in human glioma are still controversial.
Expressions of miR-9 were measured in GEO database, patient specimens and glioma cell lines. Gain- and loss-of-function assays were applied to identify the effects of miR-9 on glioma cells and HUVECs in vitro and in vivo. Potential targets of miR-9 were predicted by bioinformatics and further verified via in vitro experiments. Transcriptional regulation of miR-9 by MYC and OCT4 was determined in glioma cells.
MiR-9 was frequently up-regulated in glioma specimens and cells, and could significantly enhance proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma cells. In addition, miR-9 could be secreted from glioma cells via exosomes and was then absorbed by vascular endothelial cells, leading to an increase in angiogenesis. COL18A1, THBS2, PTCH1 and PHD3 were verified as the direct targets of miR-9, which could elucidate the miR-9-induced malignant phenotypes in glioma cells. MYC and OCT4 were able to bind to the promoter region of miR-9 to trigger its transcription.
Our results highlight that miR-9 is pivotal for glioma pathogenesis and can be treated as a potential therapeutic target for glioma.
•A new LFP/MXene composite was prepared by a simple wet mixing method.•An efficient ‘surface-chain’ conductive network was fabricated.•A high capacity of 116.3 mAh g−1 is maintained at 10 C-rate in ...LFP electrode.•An electrolyte with low de-solvation energy is used as low temperature electrolyte.•∼133 mAh g−1 capacity can be delivered even at −40 °C and 0.1 C in LFP electrode.
In recent years, LiFePO4 (LFP) has been widely used as the cathode of lithium-ion batteries due to its excellent stability, safety, and low cost. However, the low electronic conductivity limits its applications at low temperature or in high power occasions. Herein, we fabricated a network with excellent electrical conductivity using two-dimensional MXene to improve the poor conductivity of the LFP cathode. Benefited from the hydrophilicity of MXene, LFP and MXene were evenly dispersed in the water by ultrasonic treatment and freeze-dried to obtain LiFePO4/MXene (LFP/MXene) powder. Then, Ketjen black (KB) was mixed into the electrode slurry to prevent the restacking of 2D MXene and form a “surface-chain” conductive network structure. The prepared LFP/MXene/KB electrode exhibits an excellent rate performance (∼120 mAh g−1 even at 10 C-rate) at room temperature. Combined with the electrolyte with low de-solvation energy using 1,3-dioxolane as the solvent, the LFP/MXene/KB electrode displays a good low-temperature tolerant performance. Only a weak IR drop can be detected, and about 133 mAh g−1 discharge capacity can be maintained at −40 °C and 0.1 C-rate. Both of these provide a practical guidance for the design of LFP with outstanding rate and low-temperature performances.
All‐inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite presents preeminent chemical stability and a desirable band gap as the front absorber for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. Unfortunately, CsPbI3 perovskite solar ...cells (PSCs) still show low efficiency due to high density of defects in solution‐prepared CsPbI3 films. Herein, three kinds of hydrazide derivatives (benzoyl hydrazine (BH), formohydrazide (FH) and benzamide (BA)) are designed to reduce the defect density and stabilize the phase of CsPbI3. Calculation and characterization results corroborate that the carboxyl and hydrazine groups in BH form strong chemical bonds with Pb2+ ions, resulting in synergetic double coordination. In addition, the hydrazine group in the BH also forms a hydrogen bond with iodine to assist the coordination. Consequently, a high efficiency of 20.47 % is achieved, which is the highest PCE among all pure CsPbI3‐based PSCs reported to date. In addition, an unencapsulated device showed excellent stability in ambient air.
A new passivator—benzoyl hydrazine (BH) with carboxyl, hydrazine and phenyl groups was developed to effectively passivate defects in CsPbI3 through synergetic effects of these groups. Consequently, a highest efficiency of 20.47 % with a high open‐circuit voltage and stability is achieved in a BH‐CsPbI3 solar cell, the highest efficiency among all pure CsPbI3‐based devices reported to date.
With the rapid development of intelligent applications, the demand for high-sensitivity pressure sensor is increasing. However, the simple and efficient preparation of an industrial high-sensitivity ...sensor is still a challenge. In this study, adhesives with different elastic moduli are used to bond pressure-sensitive elements of double-sided sensitive grids to prepare a highly sensitive and fatigue-resistant pressure sensor. It was observed that the low elastic modulus adhesive effectively produced tensile and compressive strains on both sides of the sensitive grids to induce greater strain transfer efficiency in the pressure sensor, thus improving its sensitivity. The sensitivity of the sensor was simulated by finite element analysis to verify that the low elastic modulus adhesive could enhance the sensitivity of the sensor up to 12%. The preparation of high-precision and fatigue-resistant pressure sensors based on low elastic modulus, double-sided sensitive grids makes their application more flexible and convenient, which is urgently needed in the miniaturization and integration electronics field.
Abstract
Soft, worm-like robots show promise in complex and constrained environments due to their robust, yet simple movement patterns. Although many such robots have been developed, they either rely ...on tethered power supplies and complex designs or cannot move external loads. To address these issues, we here introduce a novel, maggot-inspired, magnetically driven “mag-bot” that utilizes shape memory alloy-induced, thermoresponsive actuation and surface pattern-induced anisotropic friction to achieve locomotion inspired by fly larvae. This simple, untethered design can carry cargo that weighs up to three times its own weight with only a 17% reduction in speed over unloaded conditions thereby demonstrating, for the first time, how soft, untethered robots may be used to carry loads in controlled environments. Given their small scale and low cost, we expect that these mag-bots may be used in remote, confined spaces for small objects handling or as components in more complex designs.
According to the relationship between the stator and rotor structure and magnetic flux density of the traditional flux switching motor with segmental rotor (SFSM), the mathematical model of the SFSM ...was established. It was found that the height of the stator pole shoe has a great influence on the no-load electromagnetic characteristics of the motor. After the flux barrier was added on the segmental rotor, it can effectively solve the problem that the positive and negative half period of the no-load electromotive force (EMF) waveform of the motor with low pole shoe height. Using the method of finite element (FEM) parametric simulation, the optimal size of the flux barrier was obtained. Compared with the traditional SFSM, the even harmonics in the phase winding EMF waveform were greatly reduced, and the inductance waveform tends to be sinusoidal. Finally, a prototype was made, and the correctness of the new segmental rotor structure was verified by experiments.
N
-methyladenosine (m
A) is the most prevalent internal form of modification in messenger RNA in higher eukaryotes and potential regulatory functions of reversible m
A methylation on mRNA have been ...revealed by mapping of m
A methylomes in several species. m
A modification in active gene regulation manifests itself as altered methylation profiles in a tissue-specific manner or in response to changing cellular or species living environment. However, up to date, there has no data on m
A porcine transcriptome-wide map and its potential biological roles in adipose deposition and muscle growth.
In this work, we used methylated RNA immunoprecipitation with next-generation sequencing (MeRIP-Seq) technique to acquire the first ever m
A porcine transcriptome-wide map. Transcriptomes of muscle and adipose tissues from three different pig breeds, the wild boar, Landrace, and Rongchang pig, were used to generate these maps.
Our findings show that there were 5,872 and 2,826 m
A peaks respectively, in the porcine muscle and adipose tissue transcriptomes. Stop codons, 3'-untranslated regions, and coding regions were found to be mainly enriched for m
A peaks. Gene ontology analysis revealed that common m
A peaks in nuclear genes are associated with transcriptional factors, suggestive of a relationship between m
A mRNA methylation and nuclear genome transcription. Some genes showed tissue- and breed-differential methylation, and have novel biological functions. We also found a relationship between the m
A methylation extent and the transcript level, suggesting a regulatory role for m
A in gene expression.
This comprehensive map provides a solid basis for the determination of potential functional roles for RNA m
A modification in adipose deposition and muscle growth.
This paper presents a detailed magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) to improve the analysis accuracy and reduce computation time in modeling of axial flux permanent magnet machines. In the proposed MEC ...model, the magnetic saturation, armature reaction, leakage flux, and rotor rotation are considered to calculate the machine's static characteristics. The investigated machine structure and feature are first introduced. Then, the air-gap flux density distribution, back electromotive force waveform, and the average torque are calculated with the proposed method. Finally, the accuracy of the proposed method is verified by the 3-D finite-element method, and good agreements are achieved.
Transcription of rRNA genes (rDNAs) in the nucleolus is regulated by epigenetic chromatin modifications including histone H3 lysine (de)methylation. Here we show that LegAS4, a Legionella pneumophila ...type IV secretion system (TFSS) effector, is targeted to specific rDNA chromatin regions in the host nucleolus. LegAS4 promotes rDNA transcription, through its SET‐domain (named after Drosophila Su(var)3–9, enhancer of zeste E(z), and trithorax trx) histone lysine methyltransferase (HKMTase) activity. LegAS4's association with rDNA chromatin is mediated by interaction with host HP1α/γ. L. pneumophila infection potently activates rDNA transcription in a TFSS‐dependent manner. Other bacteria, including Bordetella bronchiseptica and Burkholderia thailandensis, also harbour nucleolus‐localized LegAS4‐like HKMTase effectors. The B. thailandensis type III effector BtSET promotes H3K4 methylation of rDNA chromatin, contributing to infection‐induced rDNA transcription and bacterial intracellular replication. Thus, activation of host rDNA transcription might be a general bacterial virulence strategy.
This study shows that intracellular bacterial pathogens activate host rDNA transcription through secreted SET‐domain‐containing bacterial effectors that modify rDNA chromatin. The findings also indicate that activation of rDNA transcription promotes intracellular bacterial survival.
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