An unusual 2+2-cyclodimerization of 5-ethenylidene-4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazole, obtained from lithiated methoxyallene, isopropyl isothiocyanate, and propargylbromide, into highly functionalized ...1,3-bis(methylene)cyclobutane is discovered.
In this paper you can see the results of experimental studies that are devoted to the production of powder. To obtain these materials, an electric arc method without vacuum was used, based on the ...effect of spontaneous shielding of the reaction zone by gaseous products of combustion of a direct current arc discharge in the gap between graphite electrodes. A feature of the approach used is its implementation without the use of vacuum equipment. The process of electric arc synthesis is implemented in a cylindrical cavity of a graphite cathode, in which a powder mixture of carbon and molybdenum is present. As a result of experiments, multiphase powder products were obtained, which were collected from various parts of the discharge loop electrode system. Three types of products were obtained: collected from the walls of the cylindrical cavity of a graphite cathode, collected from its bottom, and also collected in the form of a cathode deposit. Differences in the phase composition of the products obtained were revealed, and the morphology of micro-sized particles in the synthesis product was determined.
Our recent study showed that NO-mediated anticontractile effect of endothelium is absent in coronary arteries of adult rats, which suffered from antenatal/early postnatal hypothyroidism. This study ...tested the hypothesis that exercise training would improve such detrimental consequences of early thyroid deficiency.
Wistar dams received propylthiouracil (PTU, 7 ppm) in drinking water during gestation and two weeks postpartum; control dams received tap water. Six-week-old male offspring of control (CON) and PTU dams was divided into sedentary (CON-Sed, n = 12; PTU-Sed, n = 10) and trained (CON-Tr, n = 12; PTU-Tr, n = 10) groups; the latter had 24-h access to running wheels. Eight weeks later coronary arteries were studied by wire myography. Anticontractile effect of NO was assessed by the effects of NOS inhibitor L-NNA on the basal tone and contractile response to U46619. Oxidative phosphorylation complexes and eNOS were estimated by Western blotting.
T3/T4 and TSH levels (ELISA) were normalized in the progeny of PTU-treated dams at the age of 6 weeks and were not affected by training. Total running distance did not differ between CON-Tr and PTU-Tr. The contents of oxidative phosphorylation complexes were increased post-training in triceps brachii muscle from CON-Tr and PTU-Tr and in heart from PTU-Tr. Coronary arteries of PTU-Sed compared to CON-Sed demonstrated higher basal tone and contractile response to U46619, which were not further increased by L-NNA. The effects of L-NNA on the basal tone and contractile response to U46619 did not differ in CON-Tr and PTU-Tr groups, but were elevated in PTU-Tr compared to PTU-Sed group. PTU-Tr rats in comparison to PTU-Sed group had higher eNOS content in heart. Responses of coronary arteries to DEA/NO did not differ among all experimental groups.
Long-lasting coronary endothelial dysfunction resulted from transient thyroid deficiency during the antenatal/early postnatal period can be corrected by voluntary exercise training.
•Antenatal hypothyroidism weakens NO effects in coronary arteries of adult rats.•Exercise increases OXPHOS and eNOS in myocardium of previously hypothyroid rats.•Exercise improves anticontractile effects of NO in previously hypothyroid rats.
The Way2Drug informational-computational platform (www.way2drug.com/dr) provides access to the data on drugs approved for medicinal use in the USA and Russian Federation, as well as computational ...possibilities for the prediction of biological activity of drug-like organic compounds. Currently realized computational tools of the platform, which allow one to predict several thousands of biological activity types, including the interaction with molecular targets, pharmacotherapeutic and side effects, metabolism, acute toxicity for rats, cytotoxicity, influence on gene expression, and other properties characterizing the evaluation how promising are particular drug-like compounds as potential pharmaceuticals, are reviewed. Using the Way2Drug platform, one can not only select the most promising "hits" for the synthesis and testing of biological activity but also reveal new indications for the launched drugs.
Main intermediates in the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution promoted by
N
-methyl-9-phenyl-acridinium iodide have been identified and characterized using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and NMR and ESR ...spectroscopy. A probable mechanism of the process has been proposed on the basis of DFT quantum chemical calculations. Analysis of structural and energetic parameters of intermediate products has shown that the electrocatalytic process involves formation of N-protonated radical cation, followed by reductive elimination of molecular hydrogen in the bimolecular reaction of two radical cations.
The electrochemical properties of
N
-substituted salts of 2,2'-bipyridine:
N
-methyl-2,2'-bipyridinium iodide and
N
,
N
'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridinium iodide were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV). ...The electrochemical properties are greatly affected by the methyl substituents at the nitrogen atom in the
ortho
-bipyridine molecule. The conproportionation constants were calculated for
N
,
N
'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridinium iodide and made it possible to judge about the degree of electron localization in the systems.
Age-related changes in phase synchronization of spontaneous mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) fluctuations within the baroreflex wave range (around 0.1 Hz) were studied in 66 subjects ...aged 20 to 52 years. During the head-up tilt test, MAP (photocompensation method), ECG (to calculate heart rate), and respiratory rate were continuously recorded. To quantify MAP–HR coupling, the phase synchronization index (PSI) was used. In people over 40 years, an increase in phase synchronization of MAP and HR was found in a supine position compared with subjects aged 20–24 years. At the same time, the increase in PSI of MAP and HR in response to orthostatic stress decreased after the age of 40, which may reflect a decrease in baroreflex activity with age.
A study is performed of the electrocatalytic activity of substituted pyridine salts (N-hydro-, N‑methyl-, and N-phenyl-2,4,6-triphenylpyridinium perchlorates) in the electroreduction of carbon ...dioxide to carbon monoxide. The effect the natures of the substituent and the H
+
source have on the efficiency of the process is determined. The main reasons for the occurrence of the electrocatalytic process are identified, and the values of TOF (catalyst speed) and TON (number of revolutions of the catalyst) are calculated. It is shown that the values of TOF and TON fall as the p
K
of the acid rises.
Abstract
Structural and dynamic changes in directions, forms, volumes of state support for agricultural producers in the “post-sanction” period were considered from the standpoint of various ...scientists. A slight increase in the index of agricultural production, a transition from compensatory to incentive support measures, a significant development of small forms of business are predicted: farming, consumer and industrial cooperation. The author’s method of assessing the effectiveness of new forms of support is proposed based on comparing the amounts and directions of obtained subsidies with changes in the competitiveness of crop and livestock products. The approbation of this technique on agricultural production cooperatives in Udmurtia showed an increase in the state support efficiency, as well as the benefits of further specialization of the republic in the production of dairy products. The technique can be used by the authorities to improve agricultural policy.
The North Siberian plain is the main fawning ground and summer feeding of wild reindeer of the Taimyr tundra population. After an explosive increase in numbers in 2000, when the population increased ...to 1 million of individuals, there is a decrease in the deer number. According to aerial surveys in 2017, it amounted to 404-442 thousand of individuals, in 2019, according to research staff members of the Taimyr Nature Reserves, it decreased to 250-280 thousand. Based on mathematical modeling and analysis of information obtained when marking 17 deer with collars with satellite transmitters, the paper considers version of the population response to environmental factors. Against the background of tundra "greening", the growth of plant biomass, the length of deer stay in Taimyr did not increase, but, on the contrary, it decreased almost three times and averages 63 days in comparison with the 1960s. The questions solved in this paper consider the reasons why deer leave their former feeding grounds in the middle, or even at the beginning of August and if a significant reduction in the volume of deer hunting will lead to a completely opposite effect.
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