The proteogenomic search pipeline developed in this work has been applied for reanalysis of 40 publicly available shotgun proteomic datasets from various human tissues comprising more than 8000 ...individual LC–MS/MS runs, of which 5442 .raw data files were processed in total. This reanalysis was focused on searching for ADAR-mediated RNA editing events, their clustering across samples of different origins, and classification. In total, 33 recoded protein sites were identified in 21 datasets. Of those, 18 sites were detected in at least two datasets, representing the core human protein editome. In agreement with prior artworks, neural and cancer tissues were found to be enriched with recoded proteins. Quantitative analysis indicated that recoding the rate of specific sites did not directly depend on the levels of ADAR enzymes or targeted proteins themselves, rather it was governed by differential and yet undescribed regulation of interaction of enzymes with mRNA. Nine recoding sites conservative between humans and rodents were validated by targeted proteomics using stable isotope standards in the murine brain cortex and cerebellum, and an additional one was validated in human cerebrospinal fluid. In addition to previous data of the same type from cancer proteomes, we provide a comprehensive catalog of recoding events caused by ADAR RNA editing in the human proteome.
—The effect of isovalent doping Sc
3+
→ In
3+
on the transport properties is studied for complex oxide BaLaInO
4
characterized by the Ruddlesden–Popper structure. It is shown that the introduction of ...scandium increases the oxygen-ionic and protonic conductivity. In the humid air atmosphere at 500°С, both BaLaInO
4
and BaLaIn
0.9
Sc
0.1
O
4
are the protonic conductors with ~90–95% contribution of proton transfer.
Halogen-substituted perovskites Ba
4
In
2
Zr
2
O
10.95
F
0.1
and Ba
4
In
2
Zr
2
O
10.95
Cl
0.1
are synthesized, and their single-phase composition is verified by X-ray diffraction analysis. Their ...ability of the studied phases to hydrate and form energetically unequal OH
–
groups is proved. It is found that introduction of halide ions leads to a decrease in the hydration degree with respect to the matrix composition, which is explained by a decrease in the crystal unit cell free volume Processes.
Purpose: Using the example of reviewing and discussing the results of comparison tests of dosimetric systems of gamma and neutron radiation used in organizations of the State Corporation “Rosatom”, ...to assess the current state of reliability of monitoring the planned exposure of workers in fields of mixed gamma-neutron radiation using the considered dosimetric systems in order to produce recommendations for corrective actions to ensure a unified approach to conduct individual dosimetric control of external exposure. Results: All measuring instruments for individual dose equivalent of photon and neutron radiation, presented in comparison tests, comply with up-to-date requirements for individual dosimetric control systems. All measuring instruments confirmed their measuring capabilities, showed satisfactory quality of measurement results and the absence of a systematic bias in the measurement results. Analysis of the results of measuring the individual dose equivalent of neutron radiation showed that problems affecting the quality of the results obtained were identified in the considered instruments of measuring personal dose equivalent. The following factors might be the sources of problems: lack of knowledge about the real characteristics of radiation fields (spectral characteristics, radiation direction, etc.) at workplaces; insufficient research of the method used for measuring neutron radiation under real conditions (technical and metrological characteristics and features of the individual dosimeters used); failure to take into account the weighing coefficients for neutrons of various energies when measuring instruments are calibrated and when real measurements are conducted. Conclusion: It is necessary to organize and conduct investigations of the metrological characteristics of the measuring instrument that are used under conditions typical for a specific radiation object. After finishing these experimental studies, it is recommended to test the methodology with an analysis of the compliance of the accuracy indicators with the requirements of the relevant guidelines. In order to solve the problem of a lack of knowledge about the real characteristics of radiation fields, radiation safety services of organizations are recommended to organize and conduct research aimed at studying such characteristics using radiometric and spectrometric methods, experimental modeling of the process of personnel exposure using anthropomorphic phantoms and determining correction factors for the individual dosimeters used.
It is well-known that the switch of an organism ontogenetic state is accompanied with the change in metabolic status, especially, the activity of antioxidant system enzymes. However, there is still ...lack of knowledge about the internal changes which occur during the shift between ontogenetic stages in lichens. In this study, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were measured for
Lobaria pulmonaria
thalli from middle boreal subzone on the Karelian Republic territory. We have shown that the transition between ontogenetic stages in
L. pulmonaria
could be observed not only by the set of morphological features, but also by changes in the activity of SOD and CAT for the first time. Therefore, we have made a conclusion that the enzyme activity could be the basis for more justified separation of different ontogenetic stages and identifying processes associated with aging.
The specificity of the functions of attention systems (executive control, alerting, and orienting) and self-assessment of the quality of life were studied by comparing groups of elderly and young ...healthy subjects and patients of a cardiological center. It was found that self-assessment of physical health in the group of healthy elderly subjects was lower than in young subjects but higher than in subjects with coronary heart disease, and mental health in the last two groups was lower than in the first one. The reorganization of attention systems in cerebral ischemia in comparison with healthy subjects is manifested by an increase in the number of errors and the selection time of visually presented information, indicating a decline in the functions of executive control, less alerting and a longer reaction time in the orienting system, and self-assessment of the quality of life is to a greater extent related with the functions of the alerting system, whereas it is related with the executive control of attention in healthy elderly subjects.
The combined use of methods of passive dosimetry of the status of atmospheric air, phytoindication, and cartographic visualization of data made it possible to elaborate and substantiate approaches to ...evaluation of the effect of atmospheric air contamination on the eutrophication of forest ecosystems under urban conditions.
Abstract
Background and aim
The cardiac surgery patients have an increased risk of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). The positive healing effects of physical exercise was demonstrated early ...in patients with cognitive impairment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of physical preoperative and postoperative training for the cognitive function in patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Methods
We analyzed the neurophysiological data from 125 male coronary artery disease (CAD) patients who participated in two sub-studies: the patients with a short preoperative course of treadmill training (n=33) and with postoperative aerobic exercise training (n=92). The study of preoperative physical training included CABG-candidates, which were divided into 2 groups: with (n=17) and without training (n=16). The preoperative physical training consisted of a 5–7 day course of intensive training on a treadmill. The study with postoperative aerobic exercise training enrolled CAD patients, undergoing on-pump CABG, which were divided into 2 groups: with supervised cycling training (n=39) and without training (n=53). Three-week trainings course began on the 14-th day after CABG. The patients with and without preoperative and postoperative physical training were comparable in terms of preoperative characteristics and intraoperative parameters. The patients were underwent the neuropsychological and EEG examination to assess postoperative changes in neurophysiological performance.
Results
The patients with preoperative treadmill training had the POCD incidence at 7–10 days after GABG in 44% cases vs. 74% - in the group without training. The relative risk of POCD developing in the patients with preoperative training was: OR=0.24, 95% CI: 0.07–0.81, Z=2.297, p=0.02. Additionally, the patients with preoperative training demonstrated a lower power in the theta (4–6 Hz) and beta1 (13–20 Hz) frequency ranges 7–10 days after CABG. The patients with postoperative cycling training also demonstrated better cognitive function at 1 month after CABG compared to the patients without training. The incidence of POCD was 21% in the cycling training group vs. 44% – in the group without training. The relative risk of POCD developing was: OR=0.23, 95% CI: 0.09–0.60, Z=3.041, p=0.0024. Also, it was found that the postoperative cycling training group showed a lower percentage theta power increase at 1 month after CABG.
Conclusion
Both the short preoperative and three-week postoperative physical training course can produce beneficial effects on the postoperative neurophysiological status in CABG patients. The engagement of physical training in the rehabilitation program of CABG patients can improve cognitive functioning after cardiac surgery.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): RFBR and Kemerovskaya region
Currently, numerous studies undeniably prove the influence of metabolic syndrome on osteoarthritis (OA) progression.In hyperlipidemia, free fatty acids abnormally accumulate in the cartilage tissue ...and provoke cell dysfunction and necrosis. Studies show that palmitate and stearate have a pronounced proapoptotic effect on chondrocytes of the articular cartilage.Mediators of the systemic inflammatory response produced by the adipose tissue act as a significant link in the pathogenesis of metabolic OA in the knee joint. Metabolic disorders, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia boost production of inflammatory mediators and glycosylated compounds and formation of free oxygen radicals provoking endothelial dysfunction.A relationship between intra-articular structures (articular cartilage, synovial membrane, subchondral bone and synovial fluid) and the intra-articular infrapatellar fat pad is a local pathogenetic factor in the metabolic OA ofthe knee. It is proven that the intra-articular infrapatellar fat pad increases significantly in obese patients. Due to proximity to the articular cartilage and synovial membrane, the adipose tissue is in close contact with them. The influence of systemic metabolites activates the growth of adipocytes, preadipocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, and other fat body cells which enhance the production and release of adipokines, such as leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, and cytokines, that in turn stimulate aseptic inflammation resulting in development of synovitis, cartilage degeneration, and gonarthrosis progression.Therefore, the metabolic syndrome has a negative impact on the condition of the joint tissues, contributing to the development of gonarthrosis or its progression. It manifests itself both through systemic effects and the local impact of the hypertrophied infrapatellar fat pad on the components of the synovial joint environment.
The data on the electronic structure and optical properties of bromide K0.5Rb0.5Pb2Br5 achieved by first-principle calculations and verified by X-ray spectroscopy measurements are reported. The ...kinetic energy, the Coulomb potential induced by the exchange hole, spin-orbital effects, and Coulomb repulsion were taken into account by applying the Tran and Blaha modified Becke–Johnson function (TB-mBJ), Hubbard U parameter, and spin-orbital coupling effect (SOC) in the TB-mBJ + U + SOC technique. The band gap was for the first time defined to be 3.23 eV. The partial density of state (PDOS) curves of K0.5Rb0.5Pb2Br5 agree well with XES K Ll and Br Kβ2, and XPS spectra. The valence band (VB) is characterized by the Pb-5d3/2 and Pb-5d5/2 sub-states locating in the vicinities of −20 eV and −18 eV, respectively. The VB middle part is mainly formed by K-3p, Rb-4p and Br-4s states, in which the separation of Rb-4p3/2 and Rb-4p1/2 was also observed. The strong hybridization of Br-p and Pb-s/p states near −6.5 eV reveals a major covalent part in the Br–Pb bonding. With a large band gap of 3.23 eV, and the remarkably high possibility of inter-band transition in energy ranges of 4–7 eV, and 10–12 eV, the bromide K0.5Rb0.5Pb2Br5 is expected to be a very promising active host material for core valence luminescence and mid-infrared rare-earth doped laser materials. The anisotropy of optical properties in K0.5Rb0.5Pb2Br5 is not significant, and it occurs at the extrema in the optical spectra. The absorption coefficient α(ω) is in the order of magnitude of 106 cm−1 for an energy range of 5–25 eV.
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