Chipless RFID, an emerging technology Tedjini, Smaïl; Karmakar, Nemai
Annales des télécommunications,
08/2013, Letnik:
68, Številka:
7-8
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Radiofrequency identification (RFID) is an established technique for automatic data captures exploiting reflected electromagnetic waves by scatters, usually called tags or transponders. In the last ...decades, roughly since the mid-1960s, very effective integrated circuit-based tags have been developed and implemented in numerous applications from the most simple like the electronic surveillance article to the more sophisticated like the Internet of Things. Even if conventional RFID is a well developed and broadly used technology worldwide, the need for an all-passive solution is highly desirable for certain applications that require low-cost, mechanical robustness and ability to be implemented in severe environments.
Analysis of Harmonics in UHF RFID Signals Andia Vera, Gianfranco; Duroc, Y.; Tedjini, S.
IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques,
06/2013, Letnik:
61, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
In this paper, a detailed study is proposed on the properties of UHF RF identification (RFID) signals when the communication between the reader and tag is established. The main objective is to ...analyze the harmonics produced by the chip and radiated by the tag antenna. From experimentation, the characteristics of the nonlinearities contained in the signals are highlighted and linked to the theory of the backscattering in the RFID context. Several experiences taking into account the standards are proposed. Moreover, several commercial tags are considered in order to compare the observations. The used configuration, the experimental setup, and the protocols are described in detail. In particular, the generation of periodic and reproducible sequences of bits is introduced and its advantages are emphasized. Finally, contrarily to the classic approaches that tend to eliminate the harmonics generated by the rectifiers of tags, the great interest of the possible exploitation of backscattered harmonics is discussed in perspectives and some ideas of applications are given.
A nonuniform (NU) tapered composite right/left-handed (CRLH) leaky-wave antenna (LWA) with minimized sidelobe level (SLL) is proposed. The design of this antenna is performed using an automated ...cosimulation approach based on a genetic algorithm optimization. Fair agreement is found between the full-wave and the experimental results. The experimental results show an 8-dB SLL reduction compared to a uniform CRLH LWA with the same gain in a 12-unit-cell structure.
This paper presents the design results of an ultra-low power 1 to 10 bit arbitrary resolution switched capacitor analog to digital converter. In addition to using low-power elements, his project also ...used a library specifically optimized for the proposed converter rather than a standard library as in traditional approach. This approach enabled the overall converter consumption to be reduced by about 70 %. Consuming 7.29 μA at 1 V supply and taking less than 9 μs per conversion (10 bit mode) it can be used in LF, HF or UHF RFID passive sensor tags. The presented converter was designed in 180 nm CMOS technology occupying about 0.052 mm2 of silicon area. A simulation result shows a figure of merit equal to 85.3 fJ/Conversion-step and 9.5 effective number of bits.
Design of a planar passive MMID tag antenna Hotte, David; Siragusa, Romain; Duroc, Yvan ...
IET microwaves, antennas & propagation,
09/2017, Letnik:
11, Številka:
12
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The concept of millimetre-wave identification (MMID) extends the ultra-high frequencies radio frequency identification towards a universal frequency band equals to 5 GHz. The study presents the ...design of a planar passive MMID tag antenna highlighting the requirement specification and the design methodology. Simulation and experimental results are reported which validate the design procedure until a first MMID tag prototype communicating by backscattering.
Radio frequency identification (RFID) sensors are increasingly recognized as the way for achieving smart environment monitoring. Real world industrial applications, such as multiobjects orientation ...detection, motion sensing as well as monitoring in harsh environment require real-time operation and fast responses for control decisions. This paper examines the timing analysis of UHF networked RFID sensors tag system and the factors influencing time latency. Time constrains in RFID communication channel, such as the minimum detection time of the reader in the vicinity of the RFID tag and the effect of protocol requirements are examined experimentally for commercial tags in compliance with the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) regulations. This assessment has the objective to analyze the RFID tag for instance as a motion sensor. In order to illustrate the interest of the presented delay analysis, a method to measure the response time due to rotation speed is introduced. A case study using two commercial RFID tags under rotation is presented and analyzed in terms of delays.
This paper discusses the design of an RFID tag for detecting the maturation level of Swiss-type cheese during its ripening process. Several parameters such as carbon dioxide concentration, wheel ...size, and pressure inside cheese packaging were studied in order to determine the correlation between their variations and the level of cheese maturation. Two configurations of RFID sensor tags were designed and measured. The first sensor tag configuration was based on a stretch sensor in order to detect the increase of the cheese wheel diameter when it starts to swell due to maturation. The second RFID tag design was based on a low power pressure sensor in order to monitor the pressure variation inside the packaging of cheese during the ripening process. Results obtained from both configurations showed a significant variation of the sensors values during the ripening process.
This paper proposes a novel cooperative composite energy harvesting system that consists in the association of a traditional passive UHF Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) chip with an ...Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting Circuit (EEH-C). The objective is to exploit the i-v nonlinearity of the rectifier by applying a signal with time-varying envelope in order to improve the RF-to-dc conversion efficiency. Thanks to a multisource configuration, i.e., an RFID reader at 0.868 GHz and an external source at 2.45 GHz, the EEH-C is able to rectify the 3 rd harmonic product of the RFID chip, in addition to the 2.45 GHz signal, without compromising the RFID communication. Additionally, digitally modulated signals are used at 2.45 GHz to further enhance the harvesting efficiency of the EEH-C. From theory, simulations and measurement it is demonstrated that the exploitation of the three nonlinear effects of rectifying circuits, i.e., (i) impedance power dependency, (ii) harmonic signals production, and (iii) waveform dependency can greatly improve the conversion efficiency of the EEH-C.
Analysis of Harmonics in UHF RFID Signals Andia Vera, Gianfranco; Duroc, Yvan; Tedjini, Smail
IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques,
06/2013, Letnik:
61, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
In this paper, a detailed study is proposed on the properties of UHF RF identification (RFID) signals when the communication between the reader and tag is established. The main objective is to ...analyze the harmonics produced by the chip and radiated by the tag antenna. From experimentation, the characteristics of the nonlinearities contained in the signals are highlighted and linked to the theory of the backscattering in the RFID context. Several experiences taking into account the standards are proposed. Moreover, several commercial tags are considered in order to compare the observations. The used configuration, the experimental setup, and the protocols are described in detail. In particular, the generation of periodic and reproducible sequences of bits is introduced and its advantages are emphasized. Finally, contrarily to the classic approaches that tend to eliminate the harmonics generated by the rectifiers of tags, the great interest of the possible exploitation of backscattered harmonics is discussed in perspectives and some ideas of applications are given.
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