Patients who had any of the following features at the time of, or after, admission were classified as severe cases: (1) respiratory distress (≥30 breaths per min); (2) oxygen saturation at rest ≤93%; ...(3) ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fractional concentration of oxygen inspired air ≤300 mm Hg; or (4) severe disease complications (eg, respiratory failure, requirement of mechanical ventilation, septic shock, or non-respiratory organ failure). Parameters did not differ significantly between the groups, except that patients in the severe group were significantly older than those in the mild group, as expected.4 No patient died from the infection. 23 (77%) of 30 severe cases received intensive care unit (ICU) treatment, whereas none of the mild cases required ICU treatment. All samples were collected according to WHO guidelines.5 The mean viral load of severe cases was around 60 times higher than that of mild cases, suggesting that higher viral loads might be associated with severe clinical outcomes.
Due to the different complementarity and compatibility of various components in the wind‐solar storage combined power generation system, its energy storage complementary control is very important. In ...order to ensure the stable operation of the system, an energy storage complementary control method for wind‐solar storage combined power generation system under opportunity constraints is proposed. The wind power output value is obtained. Aiming at the maximum similarity between the total output of wind power storage and the planned output curve, combined with the opportunity constraints and the output and electric quantity constraints of energy storage devices, the energy storage complementary control model is established, and the model is solved by improving the adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm. The experimental results show that the total output of the wind‐solar storage combined power generation system is consistent with the expected output, and the utilization rate of wind‐solar resources is effectively improved. It has good convergence performance, and can better meet the needs of actual power work.
Under the condition of opportunity constraint, the energy storage complementary control of the wind solar storage combined power generation system is studied. By establishing the energy storage complementary control model, the improved adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the optimal value of the model, so as to achieve the stable operation of the wind solar storage combined power generation system under the conditions of opportunity constraint, energy storage device output and power constraints
Pansharpening aims to fuse a multispectral (MS) image with low spatial resolution and a panchromatic (PAN) image with a high-spatial resolution to produce an image with both high spectral and high ...spatial resolution. In this study, we propose a variational pansharpening method by exploiting cartoon-texture similarities. After decomposition of the PAN image, the cartoon component always contains the global structure information, while the texture component includes the locally patterned information. This enables that the fused high-spatial resolution MS image can preserve the global and local spatial details (e.g., high-order information) well after leveraging the similarities of cartoon and texture components from PAN and MS images. To explore such cartoon-texture similarities, we describe cartoon similarity as gradient sparsity, formulated as a reweighted total variation term. Meanwhile, we use group low-rank constraint for texture similarity that is presented as repetitive texture patterns. By incorporating a data fidelity term for preserving the spectral information on the basis that the down-sampled fused MS image is consistent with the MS image, we further formulate pansharpening as an optimization problem and solve it efficiently using the alternative direction multiplier method. Extensive experiments have been conducted on a series of satellite data sets, and we also carry out a simulated vegetation coverage change experiment to verify the efficiency of the proposed method in remote sensing. The qualitative and quantitative results demonstrate that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art pansharpening methods in terms of both visual effect and objective metrics.
Immunoglobulin has been widely used in a variety of diseases, including primary and secondary immunodeficiency diseases, neuromuscular diseases, and Kawasaki disease. Although a large number of ...clinical trials have demonstrated that immunoglobulin is effective and well tolerated, various adverse effects have been reported. The majority of these events, such as flushing, headache, malaise, fever, chills, fatigue and lethargy, are transient and mild. However, some rare side effects, including renal impairment, thrombosis, arrhythmia, aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, and transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), are serious. These adverse effects are associated with specific immunoglobulin preparations and individual differences. Performing an early assessment of risk factors, infusing at a slow rate, premedicating, and switching from intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) to subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIG) can minimize these adverse effects. Adverse effects are rarely disabling or fatal, treatment mainly involves supportive measures, and the majority of affected patients have a good prognosis.
Acne vulgaris is a cutaneous chronic inflammatory disorder with complex pathogenesis. Four factors play vital roles in acne pathophysiology: hyperseborrhea and dysseborrhea, altered keratinization of ...the pilosebaceous duct,
Cutibacterium acnes
(
C. acnes
) and inflammation. The main hormones responsible for the development of acne vulgaris include androgens, insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1. Other factors involved in this process are corticotropin-releasing hormone, α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and substance P. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase pathway and nuclear factor kappa B pathway participate in the modulation of sebocyte, keratinocyte and inflammatory cell (e.g. lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils) activity. Among all the triggers and pathways mentioned above, IGF-1-induced PI3K/Akt/Forkhead box protein O1/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) C1 pathway is the most important signaling responsible for acne pathogenesis. Commonly used anti-acne agents include retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics and hormonal agents (e.g. spironolactone, combination oral contraceptive and flutamide). New approaches including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ modifier, melanocortin receptor antagonists, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, metformin, olumacostat glasaretil, stearoyl-CoA desaturase inhibitor omiganan pentahydrochloride, K
D
PT, afamelanotide, apremilast and biologics have been developed as promising treatments for acne vulgaris. Although these anti-acne agents have various pharmacological effects against the diverse pathogenesis of acne, all of them have a synergistic mode of action, the attenuation of Akt/mTORC1 signaling and enhancement of p53 signal transduction. In addition to drug therapy, diet with no hyperglycemic carbohydrates, no milk and dairy products is also beneficial for treatment of acne.
Strict symmetry limits the application of the differential port (diff-port) magnetic field probing system (DMPS). Asymmetric calibration is very meaningful for DMPS. Ultrawindband asymmetric ...calibration theory was first proposed and applied to the electromagnetic field measurement system. However, the asymmetric calibration theory is not clear for the DMPS because only the magnetic field is concerned. This article proposes an ultrawideband asymmetric calibration method (UACM) for the DMPS. The output voltage and asymmetric factor of the DMPS are redefined using the UACM. Compared with the previous asymmetric calibration method, the proposed method is based on a symmetry calibrator with a grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) structure. The proposed method is validated by eliminating a severe asymmetry in the DMPS, whose severe asymmetry is achieved by introducing a connector intentionally. The proposed method has been verified with a frequency of up to 20 GHz by measuring a standing wave magnetic field on an open-terminated transmission line. The key parameters of the DMPS, including unwanted field suppression, spatial resolution, and sensitivity, are also estimated.
In the letter, a circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna is proposed, which consists of a slotted radiation patch, a slotted parasitic loop with a short pin, and a ground plane. The slot with one ...open and one circular end is etched in the radiation patch, and the current distribution of the radiation patch is disturbed to excite the first CP mode. The currents distributed on the slotted radiation patch and parasitic loop can superimpose or cancel each other to produce the second CP mode. Impedance matching and the performance of the first CP can be improved by the two slots and short pin introduced into the parasitic loop, but without effect on the second CP mode. A prototype is designed, and a −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 21.3% (3.10–3.84 GHz), a 3‐dB axial‐ratio bandwidth of 10.1% (3.29–3.64 GHz), an in‐band radiation efficiency of 75%, and unidirectional left‐hand circular‐polarized radiation pattern with in‐band gain of 8.0 dBi are realized.
This study explores new applications of black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) by adding them to self-healing material systems for the first time. Self-healing polyurethane with an ultra-small amount ...of BPQDs has biomimetic intelligent responsiveness and achieves balance between its mechanical and self-healing properties. By adding 0.0001 wt% BPQDs to self-healing polyurethane, the fracture strength of the material increases from 3.0 to 12.3 MPa, and the elongation at break also increases from 750% to 860%. Meanwhile, the self-healing efficiency remains at 98%. The addition of BPQDs significantly improves the deformation recovery ability of the composite materials and transforms the surface of self-healing polyurethane from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, making it suitable for applications in fields such as electronic skin and flexible wearable devices. This study provides a simple and feasible strategy for endowing self-healing materials with biomimetic intelligent responsiveness using a small amount of BPQDs.
Seismic survey is one of the most effective tools for oil and gas exploration. To date, there has been an exponential growth in the size of seismic data required for large-scale seismic survey. For ...transmission and storage purposes, we propose a novel seismic compression method. First, a multiscale sparse dictionary learning model with rate constraint is presented. By combining the advantages of multiscale decomposition and dictionary learning, the seismic data could be effectively represented as a sparse matrix. Rate constraints are used to obtain the sparse coefficients that are properly tailored to the compression objective. To solve the optimization problem, the alternating direction method of multipliers is adopted. Furthermore, a seismic compression scheme based on the learned dictionary is introduced. Finally, public seismic datasets are used to verify the efficiency of different seismic data compression methods. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method achieves the best seismic compression performance, including rate-distortion tradeoff and visual quality.
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