This correction provides updated acknowledgements:
This work was supported by Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; the Swiss National Science Foundation Ambizione Grant (No. 154833); a Deutsche ...Forschungsgemeinschaft research grant; an excellence initiative of Heidelberg University; Marie Sklodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network Fellowship of the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 Programme (No. 721559 AVA); European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement ANGRAM No 748826; European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program FP7/2007-2013 (Grants Nos. 291242 and 277762); Austrian Ministry for Science, Research, and Economy; Research Council of Norway; Bergen Research Foundation; John Templeton Foundation; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and Russian Academy of Sciences; and the European Social Fund within the framework of realizing the project, in support of intersectoral mobility and quality enhancement of research teams at Czech Technical University in Prague (Grant No. CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0034).
It is commonly argued that although rewards induce behaviors, they undermine attitudes and motivation for subsequent action. This perspective has been applied in a consumer setting to suggest that ...sales promotions such as coupons will undermine consumer brand evaluations and brand loyalty. Instead of focusing on the undermining effects of promotional rewards, this research applies the availability valence hypothesis (Tybout, Sternthal, & Calder, 1983) to predict and explain when rewards will enhance recipient response. Two experiments demonstrate that an immediate reward from a product-related source enhances product evaluations by making favorable information more accessible than unfavorable information. Promotions enhance the relative accessibility of favorable information when their benefits are directly experienced and the salience of the promotion's task-contingency is diminished by maximizing consumer behavioral freedom.
AEg¯IS (Antimatter Experiment: Gravity, Interferometry, Spectroscopy) is a CERN based experiment aiming to probe the Weak Equivalence Principle of General Relativity with antimatter by studying free ...fall of antihydrogen in the Earth's gravitational field. A pulsed cold beam of antihydrogen produced by charge exchange between Rydberg positronium and cold antiprotons will be horizontally accelerated by an electric field gradient. The free fall of antihydrogen will then be measured by a classical moire deflectometer. An overview of the experimental setup, present status of the experiment along with current achievements and results is presented.
As university curriculums inevitably change, their evolution typically occurs through a series of minor incremental adjustments to individual courses that cause the curriculum to lose strategic ...consistency and focus. This article demonstrates a zero-based approach to marketing curriculum innovation. The authors describe forces of change that led them to completely redesign their marketing curriculum, and they chronicle a replicable process that can be used to develop and launch an extensive transformation of an existing program that is focused yet adaptive. The process includes faculty commitment, consensus, collaboration, and compromise; stake-holder input; points of distinction; unifying themes; intended learning outcomes; instructional design; approval; a transition plan; launch; and evaluation and continuous improvement. The authors believe that departments of any size can implement a similar redesign process to develop a curriculum that is strategically consistent with the department's core competencies and focused on learning outcomes that are fundamental to any marketing career.
This correction provides updated acknowledgements:This work was supported by Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; the Swiss National Science Foundation Ambizione Grant (No. 154833); a Deutsche ...Forschungsgemeinschaft research grant; an excellence initiative of Heidelberg University; Marie Sklodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network Fellowship of the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 Programme (No. 721559 AVA); European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement ANGRAM No 748826; European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program FP7/2007-2013 (Grants Nos. 291242 and 277762); Austrian Ministry for Science, Research, and Economy; Research Council of Norway; Bergen Research Foundation; John Templeton Foundation; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and Russian Academy of Sciences; and the European Social Fund within the framework of realizing the project, in support of intersectoral mobility and quality enhancement of research teams at Czech Technical University in Prague (Grant No. CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0034).
The weak equivalence principle states that the motion of a body in a gravitational field is independent of its structure or composition. This postulate of general relativity has been tested to very ...high precision with ordinary matter, but no relevant experimental verification with antimatter has ever been carried out. The AEGIS experiment will measure the gravitational acceleration of antihydrogen to ultimately 1% precision. For this purpose, a pulsed horizontal antihydrogen beam with a velocity of several 100 m s−1 will be produced. Its vertical deflection due to gravity will be detected by a setup consisting of material gratings coupled with a position-sensitive detector, operating as a moiré deflectometer or an atom interferometer. The AEGIS experiment is installed at CERN’s Antiproton Decelerator, currently the only facility in the world which produces copious amounts of low-energy antiprotons. The construction of the setup has been going on since 2010 and is nearing completion. A proof-of-principle experiment with antiprotons has demonstrated that the deflection of antiparticles by a few μm due to an external force can be detected. Technological and scientific development pertaining to specific challenges of the experiment, such as antihydrogen formation by positronium charge exchange or the position-sensitive detection of antihydrogen annihilations, is ongoing.
The AEgIS experiment aims at producing antihydrogen (and eventually measuring the effects of the Earth gravitational field on it) with a method based on the charge exchange reaction between ...antiproton and Rydberg positronium. To be precise, antiprotons are delivered by the CERN Antiproton Decelerator (AD) and are trapped in a multi-ring Penning trap, while positronium is produced by a nanoporous silica target and is excited to Rydberg states by means of a two steps laser excitation. New Monte Carlo simulations are presented in this paper in order to investigate the current status of the AEgIS experiment
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Loss of oak woodlands to vineyard development in California is a growing concern to conservationists. Analyzing breeding performance of birds that nest in and around vineyards versus those that nest ...in nearby native habitat can provide information on the suitability of vineyard environments to birds. We placed predator-protected nest boxes in vineyard and oak-savannah habitats and monitored nest-box occupancy, nesting success, and life history characteristics of Western Bluebirds (Sialia mexicana) that used the boxes. Western Bluebirds were common occupants in both habitats, occupying >50% of available nest boxes. Analysis using program MARK revealed that nest survival was not associated with habitat type; however, clutch size was greater and nests were initiated earlier in vineyard than in oak-savannah habitat. Our results suggest that when naturally occurring nest sites are limiting, vineyards could be converted to good breeding habitat for Western Bluebirds with the addition of nest boxes. Nest boxes, however, should not be viewed as a remedy for the chronic problem of habitat loss and degradation.
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