Knowledge about monkeypox transmission risk in congregate settings is limited. In July 2022, the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) confirmed a case of monkeypox in a person detained in Cook ...County Jail (CCJ) in Chicago, Illinois. This case was the first identified in a correctional setting in the United States and reported to CDC during the 2022 multinational monkeypox outbreak. CDPH collaborated with CCJ, the Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH), and CDC to evaluate transmission risk within the facility. Fifty-seven residents were classified as having intermediate-risk exposures to the patient with monkeypox during the 7-day interval between the patient's symptom onset and his isolation. (Intermediate-risk exposure was defined as potentially being within 6 ft of the patient with monkeypox for a total of ≥3 hours cumulatively, without wearing a surgical mask or respirator, or potentially having contact between their own intact skin or clothing and the skin lesions or body fluids from the patient or with materials that were in contact with the patient's skin lesions or body fluids.) No secondary cases were identified among a subset of 62% of these potentially exposed residents who received symptom monitoring, serologic testing, or both. Thirteen residents accepted postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), with higher acceptance among those who were offered counseling individually or in small groups than among those who were offered PEP together in a large group. Monkeypox virus (MPXV) DNA, but no viable virus, was detected on one surface in a dormitory where the patient had been housed with other residents before he was isolated. Although monkeypox transmission might be limited in similar congregate settings in the absence of higher-risk exposures, congregate facilities should maintain recommended infection control practices in response to monkeypox cases, including placing the person with monkeypox in medical isolation and promptly and thoroughly cleaning and disinfecting spaces where the person has spent time. In addition, officials should provide information to residents and staff members about monkeypox symptoms and transmission modes, facilitate confidential monkeypox risk and symptom disclosure and prompt medical evaluation for symptoms that are reported, and provide PEP counseling in a private setting.
Phys. Rev. A 99, 033405 (2019) Positronium in the $2^3S$ metastable state exhibits a low electrical
polarizability and a long lifetime (1140 ns) making it a promising candidate
for interferometry ...experiments with a neutral matter-antimatter system. In the
present work, $2^3S$ positronium is produced - in absence of electric field -
via spontaneous radiative decay from the $3^3P$ level populated with a 205nm UV
laser pulse. Thanks to the short temporal length of the pulse, 1.5 ns
full-width at half maximum, different velocity populations of a positronium
cloud emitted from a nanochannelled positron/positronium converter were
selected by delaying the excitation pulse with respect to the production
instant. $ 2^3S $ positronium atoms with velocity tuned between $ 7 \cdot 10^4
$ m/s and $ 10 \cdot 10^4 $ m/s were thus produced. Depending on the selected
velocity, a $2^3S$ production effciency ranging from $\sim 0.8 \%$ to $\sim
1.7%$, with respect to the total amount of emitted positronium, was obtained.
The observed results give a branching ratio for the $3^3P$-$2^3S$ spontaneous
decay of $(9.7 \pm 2.7) \% $. The present velocity selection technique could
allow to produce an almost monochromatic beam of $\sim 1 \cdot 10^3 $ $2^3S$
atoms with a velocity spread $ < 10^4 $ m/s and an angular divergence of $\sim$
50 mrad.
Among the diverse sets of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), the α7 subtype is highly expressed in the hippocampus and cortex and is thought to play important roles in a variety of cognitive ...processes. In this review, we describe the properties of a novel biaryl diamine α7 nAChR agonist, A‐582941. A‐582941 was found to exhibit high‐affinity binding and partial agonism at α7 nAChRs, with acceptable pharmacokinetic properties and excellent distribution to the central nervous system (CNS). In vitro and in vivo studies indicated that A‐582941 activates signaling pathways known to be involved in cognitive function such as ERK1/2 and CREB phosphorylation. A‐582941 enhanced cognitive performance in behavioral models that capture domains of working memory, short‐term recognition memory, memory consolidation, and sensory gating deficit. A‐582941 exhibited a benign secondary pharmacodynamic and tolerability profile as assessed in a battery of assays of cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and CNS function. The studies summarized in this review collectively provide preclinical validation that α7 nAChR agonism offers a mechanism with potential to improve cognitive deficits associated with various neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.
According to one theoretical approach, the primary economic function of retailers is to deliver products together with distribution services. We use this framework to identify competitive niches for ...smaller retailers competing against big box stores. We compare the distribution services offered by the Home Depot versus smaller retailers using both in-store measures and consumer perception data, and the relative importance of distribution services as determinants of store choice. The results show that the Home Depot's superiority in pricing and assortment attracts a significant market, but smaller retailers can secure niche markets by delivering higher levels of ambiance and information.
Phys. Rev. A 98, 013402 (2018) Producing positronium (Ps) in the metastable $2^3\text{S}$ state is of
interest for various applications in fundamental physics. We report here about
an experiment in ...which Ps atoms are produced in this long-lived state by
spontaneous radiative decay of Ps excited to the $3^3\text{P}$ level manifold.
The Ps cloud excitation is obtained with a UV laser pulse in an experimental
vacuum chamber in presence of guiding magnetic field of 25 mT and an average
electric field of 300 V/cm. The indication of the $2^3\text{S}$ state
production is obtained from a novel analysis technique of single-shot
positronium annihilation lifetime spectra. Its production efficiency relative
to the total amount of formed Ps is evaluated by fitting a simple rate
equations model to the experimental data and found to be $ (2.1 \pm 1.3) \, \%
$.
Organizations that include a manufacturing, assembly and or material processing (MAMP) functions have become increasingly complex, competitive, and dynamic. These organizations demand increased ...emphasis on recruiting, developing, and retaining management talent to gain a competitive edge. This paper uses a modified Delphi triangulation approach to identify and categorize first-level MAMP management competencies perceived to be important by three critical stakeholder groups - an expert MAMP upper management panel, first-level MAMP managers who have been employed between one to three years, and business management faculty members. The results identify 14 knowledge, skill, and value-based competencies and three higher-order factors as essential components within the MAMP management function. There was considerable consistency in the perceptions of the three groups in evaluating the importance of these competencies, with the exception that first-level managers placed greater importance on technical skills for daily MAMP activities than upper management.
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