We study the properties of open-charm mesons ($D$ and $bar {D}$) in nuclear matter at finite temperature within a self-consistent coupled-channel approach. The meson-baryon interactions are adopted ...from a type of broken SU(4) s-wave Tomozawa-Weinberg terms supplemented by an attractive scalar-isoscalar attraction. The in-medium solution at finite temperature incorporates Pauli blocking effects, mean-field binding on all the baryons involved, and $pi$ and open-charm meson self-energies in a self-consistent manner. In the $DN$ sector, the $Lambda_c$ and $Sigma_c$ resonances, generated dynamically at 2593 MeV and 2770 MeV in free space, remain close to their free-space position while acquiring a remarkable width due to the thermal smearing of Pauli blocking as well as from the nuclear matter density effects. As a result, the $D$ meson spectral density shows a single pronounced peak for energies close to the $D$ meson free-space mass that broadens with increasing matter density with an extended tail particularly towards lower energies. The $bar D$ potential shows a moderate repulsive behavior coming from the dominant I=1 contribution of the $bar D N$ interaction. The low-density theorem is, however, not a good approximation for the $bar D$ self-energy in spite of the absence of resonance-hole contributions close to threshold in this case. We speculate the possibility of $D$-mesic nuclei as well as discuss some consequences for the $J/Psi$ suppression in heavy-ion collisions, in particular for the future CBM experiment at FAIR.
ABSTRACT We obtain a new equation of state for the nucleonic and hyperonic inner core of neutron stars that fulfils the 2 M observations as well as the recent determinations of stellar radii below 13 ...km. The nucleonic equation of state is obtained from a new parameterization of the FSU2 relativistic mean-field functional that satisfies these latest astrophysical constraints and, at the same time, reproduces the properties of nuclear matter and finite nuclei while fulfilling the restrictions on high-density matter deduced from heavy-ion collisions. On the one hand, the equation of state of neutron star matter is softened around saturation density, which increases the compactness of canonical neutron stars leading to stellar radii below 13 km. On the other hand, the equation of state is stiff enough at higher densities to fulfil the 2 M limit. By a slight modification of the parameterization, we also find that the constraints of 2 M neutron stars with radii around 13 km are satisfied when hyperons are considered. The inclusion of the high magnetic fields present in magnetars further stiffens the equation of state. Hyperonic magnetars with magnetic fields in the surface of ∼1015 G and with values of ∼1018 G in the interior can reach maximum masses of 2 M with radii in the 12-13 km range.
In this work, in-tube solid phase microextraction (in-tube SPME) coupled to capillary LC (CapLC) with diode array detection has been reported, for on-line extraction and enrichment of booster ...biocides (irgarol-1051 and diuron) included in Water Frame Directive 2013/39/UE (WFD). The analytical performance has been successfully demonstrated. Furthermore, in the present work, the environmental friendliness of the procedure has been quantified by means of the implementation of the carbon footprint calculation of the analytical procedure and the comparison with other methodologies previously reported.
Under the optimum conditions, the method presents good linearity over the range assayed, 0.05–10μg/L for irgarol-1051 and 0.7–10μg/L for diuron. The LODs were 0.015μg/L and 0.2μg/L for irgarol-1051 and diuron, respectively. Precision was also satisfactory (relative standard deviation, RSD<3.5%). The proposed methodology was applied to monitor water samples, taking into account the EQS standards for these compounds. The carbon footprint values for the proposed procedure consolidate the operational efficiency (analytical and environmental performance) of in-tube SPME-CapLC-DAD, in general, and in particular for determining irgarol-1051 and diuron in water samples.
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•Irgarol and diuron are considered priority pollutants due to their harmful effects.•In-tube SPME-CapLC-DAD has been proposed to determine these compounds.•The analytical performance was satisfactory to meet the EQS (EU Commission).•A rather small carbon footprint (1.1kgCO2eq) was estimated for the method.•The proposed procedure is a sustainable and operational efficient methodology.
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•A biocomposite has been integrated in a multi-well microplate.•GOx, HRP and TMB have been immobilized in a PDMS-based polymeric matrix.•A smartphone and free image analysis software ...have been used as a microplate reader.•The proposed method allows the analysis of several samples simultaneously.•The developed biosensor has been applied to determine glucose in real samples.
In the present work, a biosensor adapted in a 96-well microplate has been coupled with a smartphone-based photometer in order to develop a low-cost colorimetric multi-sample dispositive. The strength of this biosensing system is based on the integration of the biosensor into the 96-well microplate and the use of a smartphone and free image analysis software as a microplate reader. The performance of the proposed biosensor has been demonstrated to determine glucose in several human serum samples. This method is simple, cost-effective, sensitive and selective for the determination of glucose in serum, with detection limits of 1.8mg/dL and a good linearity over the range 6–88mg/dL. Precision was also satisfactory (relative standard deviation, %RSD<5). The behaviour of the biosensing system has also been compared with the conventional derivatization method, adding all the reagents in solution and measuring the absorption at 653nm. Results obtained indicated that this approach simplifies significantly the analytical measurements, avoids the need to prepare derivatization reagents, is portable and allows multiple in-situ measurements simultaneously. Thus, the simplicity of the test has been improved not only in the reaction step but also in the response measurement.
We review the present status of the experimental and theoretical developments in the field of strangeness in nuclei and neutron stars. We start by discussing the K̄N interaction, that is governed by ...the presence of the Λ(1405). We continue by showing the two-pole nature of the Λ(1405), and the production mechanisms in photon-, pion-, kaon-induced reactions as well as proton–proton collisions, while discussing the formation of K̄NN bound states. We then move to the theoretical and experimental analysis of the properties of kaons and antikaons in dense nuclear matter, paying a special attention to kaonic atoms and the analysis of strangeness creation and propagation in nuclear collisions. Next, we examine the ϕ meson and the advances in photoproduction, proton-induced and pion-induced reactions, so as to understand its properties in dense matter. Finally, we address the dynamics of hyperons with nucleons and nuclear matter, and the connection to the phases of dense matter with strangeness in the interior of neutron stars.
An intraoperative higher level of positive end-expiratory positive pressure (PEEP) with alveolar recruitment maneuvers improves respiratory function in obese patients undergoing surgery, but the ...effect on clinical outcomes is uncertain.
To determine whether a higher level of PEEP with alveolar recruitment maneuvers decreases postoperative pulmonary complications in obese patients undergoing surgery compared with a lower level of PEEP.
Randomized clinical trial of 2013 adults with body mass indices of 35 or greater and substantial risk for postoperative pulmonary complications who were undergoing noncardiac, nonneurological surgery under general anesthesia. The trial was conducted at 77 sites in 23 countries from July 2014-February 2018; final follow-up: May 2018.
Patients were randomized to the high level of PEEP group (n = 989), consisting of a PEEP level of 12 cm H2O with alveolar recruitment maneuvers (a stepwise increase of tidal volume and eventually PEEP) or to the low level of PEEP group (n = 987), consisting of a PEEP level of 4 cm H2O. All patients received volume-controlled ventilation with a tidal volume of 7 mL/kg of predicted body weight.
The primary outcome was a composite of pulmonary complications within the first 5 postoperative days, including respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome, bronchospasm, new pulmonary infiltrates, pulmonary infection, aspiration pneumonitis, pleural effusion, atelectasis, cardiopulmonary edema, and pneumothorax. Among the 9 prespecified secondary outcomes, 3 were intraoperative complications, including hypoxemia (oxygen desaturation with Spo2 ≤92% for >1 minute).
Among 2013 adults who were randomized, 1976 (98.2%) completed the trial (mean age, 48.8 years; 1381 69.9% women; 1778 90.1% underwent abdominal operations). In the intention-to-treat analysis, the primary outcome occurred in 211 of 989 patients (21.3%) in the high level of PEEP group compared with 233 of 987 patients (23.6%) in the low level of PEEP group (difference, -2.3% 95% CI, -5.9% to 1.4%; risk ratio, 0.93 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.04; P = .23). Among the 9 prespecified secondary outcomes, 6 were not significantly different between the high and low level of PEEP groups, and 3 were significantly different, including fewer patients with hypoxemia (5.0% in the high level of PEEP group vs 13.6% in the low level of PEEP group; difference, -8.6% 95% CI, -11.1% to 6.1%; P < .001).
Among obese patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia, an intraoperative mechanical ventilation strategy with a higher level of PEEP and alveolar recruitment maneuvers, compared with a strategy with a lower level of PEEP, did not reduce postoperative pulmonary complications.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02148692.
A novel and low-cost colorimetric sensor for the determination of hydrogen sulphide in environmental samples has been developed. This sensor is based on the immobilization of the reagent ...N,N-Dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine and FeCl3 in paper support, in which the H2S is adsorbed in order to give rise to the formation of methylene blue as reaction product.
The sensor has been applied to determine H2S in water and air samples. Two different sampling systems for H2S caption from the air have been assayed: active and passive sampling. The analytical properties of the different systems have been obtained and compared. The analytical signals, corresponding to the methylene blue, have been obtained measuring the absorbance by conventional reflectance diffuse or using different algorithms for quantifying color intensity. The results obtained with both measurement procedures were comparable, with a detection limit of 1.11 and 1.12mLm−3 for air samples (active and passive), and 0.5mgL−1 for water samples. The developed sensor provides good accuracy and precision (RSD<12%) and simplifies significantly the analytical measurements because it avoids the need of preparing derivatization reagents, sample handling and allows in situ measurements. The reaction product obtained is highly stable in this support and no provide any blank signal. Under the optimal conditions, the proposed method exhibit excellent visual sensitivity for the naked eye procedure, making the detection of H2S possible.
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•N,N-Dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine and FeCl3 have been immobilized in a paper support.•The presence of sulphide induces the formation of methylene blue.•The sensor can be applied to determine H2S both in waters and atmospheres.•No sample treatment is required to carry out the analysis of H2S in air and water samples.•Sulphide determination can be performed without the need of sophisticated equipment.
Center-based cardiac rehabilitation programs (CRPs) reduce morbidity and mortality after an ischemic cardiac event; however, they are widely underused. Home-based CRP has emerged as an alternative to ...improve patient adherence; however, its safety and efficacy remain unclear, especially for older patients and female patients.
This study aimed to develop a holistic home-based CRP for patients with ischemic heart disease and evaluate its safety and impact on functional capacity, adherence to a healthy lifestyle, and quality of life.
The 8-week home-based CRP included patients of both sexes, with no age limit, who had overcome an acute myocardial infarction in the previous 3 months, had a left ventricular ejection fraction of ≥40%, and had access to a tablet or mobile device. The CRP was developed using a dedicated platform designed explicitly for this purpose and included 3 weekly exercise sessions combining tailored aerobic and strength training and 2 weekly educational session focused on lifestyle habits, therapeutic adherence, and patient empowerment.
We initially included 62 patients, of whom 1 was excluded for presenting with ventricular arrhythmias during the initial stress test, 5 were excluded because of incompatibility, and 6 dropped out because of a technological barrier. Ultimately, 50 patients completed the program: 85% (42/50) were male, with a mean age of 58.9 (SD 10.3) years, a mean left ventricular ejection fraction of 52.1% (SD 6.72%), and 25 (50%) New York Heart Association functional class I and 25 (50%) New York Heart Association II-III. The CRP significantly improved functional capacity (+1.6 metabolic equivalent tasks), muscle strength (arm curl test +15.5% and sit-to-stand test +19.7%), weekly training volume (+803 metabolic equivalent tasks), adherence to the Mediterranean diet, emotional state (anxiety), and quality of life. No major complications occurred, and adherence was excellent (>80%) in both the exercise and educational sessions. In the subgroup analysis, CRP showed equivalent beneficial effects irrespective of sex and age. In addition, patient preferences for CRP approaches were equally distributed, with one-third (14/50, 29%) of the patients preferring a face-to-face CRP, one-third (17/50, 34%) preferring a telematic CRP, and one-third (18/50, 37%) preferring a hybrid approach. Regarding CRP duration, 63% (31/50) of the patients considered it adequate, whereas the remaining 37% (19/50) preferred a longer program.
A holistic telematic CRP dedicated to patients after an ischemic cardiac event, irrespective of sex and age, is safe and, in our population, has achieved positive results in improving maximal aerobic capacity, weekly training volume, muscle strength, quality of life, compliance with diet, and anxiety symptoms. The preference for a center- or home-based CRP approach is diverse among the study population, emphasizing the need for a tailored CRP to improve adherence and completion rates.
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