•MnCo2O4 nanowire array is prepared by a fast and facile hydrothermal method.•MnCo2O4 nanowire array exhibits noticeable pseudocapacitive properties.•The as-prepared nanowire array is also a ...promising material for Li-ion batteries.
One-dimension MnCo2O4 nanowire arrays are synthesized on nickel foam by a facile hydrothermal method. The MnCo2O4 nanowires are highly crystalline with an average diameter of 70nm and exhibit excellent properties for electrochemical energy storage. Impressively, the MnCo2O4 nanowire array exhibits noticeable pseudocapacitive performance with a high capacitance of 349.8 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and 328.9 F g−1 at 20 A g−1 as well as excellent cycling stability. As an anode material for Li-ion batteries, the MnCo2O4 nanowire array delivers an initial specific discharge capacity of 1288.6 mAh g−1 at 100mAg−1, with reversible capacity retention of 92.7% after 50 cycles. The outstanding electrochemical performances are mainly attributed to its nanowire array architecture which provides large reaction surface area, fast ion and electron transfer and good structure stability.
Leptomeningeal metastases (LM) are more frequent in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Due to limited access to leptomeningeal lesions, the ...purpose of this study was to explore the potential role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as a source of liquid biopsy in patients with LM.
Primary tumor, CSF, and plasma in NSCLC with LM were tested by next-generation sequencing. In total, 45 patients with suspected LM underwent lumbar puncture, and those with EGFR mutations diagnosed with LM were enrolled.
A total of 28 patients were enrolled in this cohort; CSF and plasma were available in 26 patients, respectively. Driver genes were detected in 100% (26/26), 84.6% (22/26), and 73.1% (19/26) of samples comprising CSF cell-free DNA (cfDNA), CSF precipitates, and plasma, respectively; 92.3% (24/26) of patients had much higher allele fractions in CSF cfDNA than the other two media. Unique genetic profiles were captured in CSF cfDNA compared with those in plasma and primary tissue. Multiple copy number variations (CNVs) were mainly identified in CSF cfDNA, and MET copy number gain identified in 47.8% (11/23) of patients was the most frequent one, while other CNVs included ERBB2, KRAS, ALK, and MYC. Moreover, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of TP53 was identified in 73.1% (19/26) CSF cfDNA, which was much higher than that in plasma (2/26, 7.7%; P<0.001). There was a trend towards a higher frequency of concomitant resistance mutations in patients with TP53 LOH than those without (70.6% versus 33.3%; P=0.162). EGFR T790M was identified in CSF cfDNA of 30.4% (7/23) of patients who experienced TKI progression.
CSF cfDNA could reveal the unique genetic profiles of LM and should be considered as the most representative liquid biopsy medium for LM in EGFR-mutant NSCLC.
Background
Non‐pharmacological interventions are effective neonatal pain reduction strategies. We aimed to study the effects of non‐nutritive sucking (NNS) and swaddling on infants' behavioural and ...physiological parameters during shallow or deep heel stick procedures.
Method
In this prospective, multi‐centred, randomized controlled clinical trial, we enrolled 671 newborns. The infants undergoing shallow or deep heel stick procedures were randomized into four groups: oral sucrose (routine care, group S), oral sucrose combined with NNS (group NS), oral sucrose combined with swaddling (group SS) and oral sucrose combined with NNS and swaddling (group NSS). The behavioural responses were evaluated by the Revised Neonatal Facial Coding System and the physiological signals were monitored by electrocardiogram monitors.
Results
A significant synergistic analgesic effect was observed between the NS and SS groups in both the shallow (F = 5.952, p = 0.015) and deep heel stick (F = 7.452, p = 0.007) procedure. NSS group exhibited the lowest pain score. For the deep heel stick procedure, the NS group had a significantly lower increase in heart rate (HR)% and decrease in SPO2% than the S group (F = 17.540, p = 0.000, F = 10.472, p = 0.001), while this difference was not observed in the shallow heel stick procedure. No difference was found between the S and SS groups, in terms of different physiological parameters.
Conclusion
Non‐nutritive sucking and swaddling had synergistic effects on pain relief when used with oral sucrose. For the deep heel stick procedure, oral sucrose combined with NNS and swaddling provided the best pain relief effect. For the shallow heel stick procedure, addition of NNS and swaddling did not improve the effects.
Two NiO products with different microstructures have been obtained using a traditional NaOH-induced aqueous-phase precipitation and a homogeneous precipitation in choline chloride/urea mixture-based ...deep eutectic solvent (DES), respectively. The synthesis processes play a key role in the structure construction of NiO precursors as well as the final NiO products, and possible formation mechanisms are proposed. The DES-based homogeneous precipitation method provides plentiful nucleation sites, moderate crystal growth process and possible template effect, which could conduce to the production of flower-like NiO with continuously self-supporting mesoporous structure assembled by tiny grains. The flower-like NiO electrode exhibits higher current density, faster charge-transfer process, better electrode accessibility, and improved stability for methanol electro-oxidation in an electrolyte of 0.1 M CH3OH + 0.005 M KOH than the disorderly aggregated NiO nanoparticles. We believe that the DES-based homogeneous precipitation method can provide an effective approach to fabricate advanced electrocatalyst materials with homogeneous and well-assembled microstructure.
•Synthesis of α-Ni(OH)2 nanostructure by a novel precipitation strategy in ionic liquid.•Annealing the flower-like α-Ni(OH)2 produces mesoporous NiO electrode.•Mesoporous structure of NiO is assembled by ∼5 nm sized grains.•Mesoporous structure is better than nanoparticulate for methanol electro-oxidation.
All-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLIBs) employed inorganic solid electrolytes are attracting increasing interest for electrochemical energy storage devices due to their advantages of high safety, ...high energy density, wide operating temperature range and long cycle life. However, the large interfacial resistance originated from the insufficient solid-solid contact at electrolyte/electrode interface hinders the development of all-solid-state batteries. In addition, the interfacial compatibility and stability also greatly affect the electrochemical performance of batteries. This review summarizes the challenges and progress for the studies of interface problems in ASSLIBs. Based on the review, we attempt to propose alternative approaches to the issue and prospective developments of ASSLIBs.
•All-solid-state cells with inorganic electrolytes suffer from interface problems.•Challenges and recent progress of the interface problems are summarized.•Great effort is needed to enable solid batteries as viable energy storages.
Porous NiCo2O4 hetero-structure arrays on nickel foam are prepared by a facile hydrothermal method. The morphology of the arrays changes with the growth time. After hydrothermal synthesis for 8 h in ...combination with annealing treatment, the NiCo2O4 array presents a nanoflake–nanowire hetero-structure. The porous NiCo2O4 hetero-structure array exhibits the excellent pseudocapacitive properties in 2 M KOH, with a high capacitance of 891 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and 619 F g−1 at 40 A g−1 before activation as well as excellent cycling stability. The specific capacitance can achieve a maximum of 1089 F g−1 at a current density of 2 A g−1, which can still retain 1058 F g−1 (97.2% retention) after 8000 cycles. The enhanced pseudocapacitive performances are mainly attributed to its unique hetero-structure which provides fast ion and electron transfer, large reaction surface area and good strain accommodation.
•Porous NiCo2O4 hetero-structure arrays on nickel foam were prepared by facile hydrothermal method.•The porous NiCo2O4 hetero-structure array exhibits excellent pseudocapacitive properties.•The specific capacitance achieves a maximum of 1089 F g−1 at a current density of 2 A g−1.•The specific capacitance can still retain 1058 F g−1 (97.2% retention) after 8000 cycles.
CuO/graphene composite is synthesized from CuO and graphene oxide sheets following reduced by hydrazine vapor. As the electrode material for lithium-ion batteries, CuO nanoparticles with sizes of ...about 30nm homogeneously locate on graphene sheets, and act as spacers to effectively prevent the agglomeration of graphene sheets, keeping their high active surface. In turn, the graphene sheets with good electrical conductivity server as a conducting network for fast electron transfer between the active materials and charge collector, as well as buffered spaces to accommodate the volume expansion/contraction during discharge/charge process. The synergetic effect is beneficial for the electrochemical performances of CuO/graphene composite, such as improved initial coulombic efficiency (68.7%) and reversible capacity of 583.5mAhg−1 with 75.5% retention of the reversible capacity after 50 cycles.
► In this paper, we attempt to address the poor kinetics of conversion reactions, the major drawback for it, by synchronously considering optimization design of electrode configuration and ...improvement of the lattice electronic conductivity of active materials. Results suggest Co-doped NiO nanoflake arrays electrode show high capacity, good cycling performance and rate capability. These can be attributed to the synthesis effect, coming from high electrode–electrolyte contact area, direct contact between each naonflake and current collector, fast Li+ diffusion and improvement of p-type conductivity of active materials.
Co-doped NiO nanoflake arrays with a cellular-like morphology are fabricated by low temperature chemical bath deposition. As anode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs), the array film shows a capacity of 600mAhg−1 after 50 discharge/charge cycles at low current density of 100mAg−1, and it retains 471mAhg−1 when the current density is increased to 2Ag−1. Appropriate electrode configuration possesses some unique features, including high electrode–electrolyte contact area, direct contact between each naonflake and current collector, fast Li+ diffusion. The Co2+ partially substitutes Ni3+, resulting in an increase of holes concentration, and therefore improved p-type conductivity, which is useful to reduce charge transfer resistance during the charge/discharge process. The synergetic effect of these two parts can account for the improved electrochemical performance.
We report a simple self-assembled synthesis of hierarchical CuO particles with various morphologies such as leaf, shuttle, flower, dandelion, and caddice clew. The morphologies can be easily tailored ...by adjusting the pH value. The synthesis is based on dehydration and re-crystallization of precursor Cu(OH)
2 nanowires. Cu(NH
3)
4
2+ and OH
− in the solutions are considered as the key factors to influence the assembling manner of CuO. The obtained hierarchical CuO particles serve as a good model system for the study as anodes for lithium ion batteries. Various morphologies of CuO particles result in different electrochemical performances of electrodes. Compared to others, dandelion-like and caddice clew-like CuO exhibit reversible discharge capacities of 385
mAh
g
−1 and 400
mAh
g
−1 at 0.1
C, 340
mAh
g
−1 and 374
mAh
g
−1 at 0.5
C after 50 cycles, respectively. The higher discharge capacities and better cycling performances are attributed to their larger surface area and porosity, leading to better contact between CuO and electrolyte and shorter diffusion length of lithium ions.
LiF is successful used to modify the surface of layered LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 via a wet chemical method followed by an annealing process. The lattice structure of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 is not changed ...distinctly after modification and part of F− dopes into the surface lattice of the oxide. The LiF-modified oxide exhibits capacity retentions of 97.5% at 0.1 C at room temperature and 93.5% at 1 C at 60 °C after 50 cycles, and delivers a high discharge capacity of 137 mAh g−1 at 10 C at room temperature. Furthermore, it has reversible capacities of 124.4 mAh g−1 at 1 C at 0 °C and 85.6 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C at −20 °C, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests show that the LiF-modified layer can reduce the dissolution of metal ions in the electrode and enhance the conductivity of the oxide surface through partly F-substitution. LiF modification will be promising for the application of layered oxide for lithium ion batteries.
► LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 is modified with LiF by a wet chemical method. ► Discharge capacity of 137 mAh g−1 is obtained at 10 C (2800 mA g−1). ► Capacity retention of 93.5% is obtained at 1 C at 60 °C after 50 cycles. ► Reversible capacity of 124.4 mAh g−1 is obtained at 1 C at 0 °C. ► Even at −20 °C, discharge capacity of 85.6 mAh g−1 is obtained at 0.1 C.
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