Despite the challenges in studying recurrent implantation failure, progress is currently being made in therapeutic options to help those who suffer from recurrent implantation failure. Three of the ...most promising therapeutic options for recurrent implantation failure include immune therapies such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells, platelet rich plasma and subcutaneous granulocyte-colony stimulating factor.
Uterine factor in recurrent pregnancy loss Turocy, Jenna M.; Rackow, Beth W.
Seminars in perinatology,
March 2019, 2019-03-00, 20190301, Letnik:
43, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
To review the current understanding of the role the uterus plays in recurrent pregnancy loss.
Congenital and acquired uterine abnormalities are associated with recurrent pregnancy loss in the first ...and second trimester. Relevant congenital Mullerian tract anomalies include unicornuate, didelphys, bicornuate and septate uteri. Pregnancy loss has also been associated with acquired uterine abnormalities that distort the uterine cavity such as intrauterine adhesions and submucosal myomas. Initial evaluation of women with recurrent pregnancy loss should include a uterine assessment such as a pelvic ultrasound or sonohysterography. Uterine abnormalities such as uterine septum, intrauterine adhesions and submucosal myomas may be managed surgically with operative hysteroscopy.
Uterine abnormalities, both congenital and acquired, can be responsible for recurrent pregnancy loss.
To better understand if employer-based financial coverage of non-medical oocyte cryopreservation impacts the way women make decisions about their reproduction, including the decision to pursue oocyte ...cryopreservation and the time frame in which they plan to begin family building.
Prospective survey study.
Academic medical center.
Female graduate students at five different institutions in the Boston area.
A 27-question electronic survey.
Likelihood of pursuing oocyte cryopreservation and time frame in which intend to build family, based on presence or absence of employer-based financial coverage.
The survey was completed by 171 female graduate students: 63% cited professional goals as their primary reason for delaying childbearing, and 54% indicated that oocyte cryopreservation would allow them to focus more on their career for the next several years. For 59% their main concern about egg freezing was the cost; 81% indicated that they would be more likely to consider egg banking if it were covered by their insurance or paid for by their employer. The majority of participants would not change when they would start building their family based on the presence or absence of employer financial coverage for egg freezing.
The primary concern of female graduate students about egg freezing is the cost. More women would consider elective egg freezing if financial coverage was provided by their employer, but the vast majority would ultimately not change their plans for and timing of family building based on this coverage.
Our genome at conception determines much of our health as an adult. Most human diseases have a heritable component and thus may be preventable through heritable genome editing. Preventing disease ...from the beginning of life before irreversible damage has occurred is an admirable goal, but the path to fruition remains unclear. Here, we review the significant scientific contributions to the field of human heritable genome editing, the unique ethical challenges that cannot be overlooked, and the hurdles that must be overcome prior to translating these technologies into clinical practice.
Our genomes at conception contribute substantially to our overall health, and heritable genome editing could provide many benefits by preventing disease from the beginning of life. Egli and colleagues review the scientific contributions to the field, the ethical challenges that cannot be overlooked, and the hurdles to be overcome prior to clinical practice.
Human cleavage-stage embryos frequently acquire chromosomal aneuploidies during mitosis due to unknown mechanisms. Here, we show that S phase at the 1-cell stage shows replication fork stalling, low ...fork speed, and DNA synthesis extending into G2 phase. DNA damage foci consistent with collapsed replication forks, DSBs, and incomplete replication form in G2 in an ATR- and MRE11-dependent manner, followed by spontaneous chromosome breakage and segmental aneuploidies. Entry into mitosis with incomplete replication results in chromosome breakage, whole and segmental chromosome errors, micronucleation, chromosome fragmentation, and poor embryo quality. Sites of spontaneous chromosome breakage are concordant with sites of DNA synthesis in G2 phase, locating to gene-poor regions with long neural genes, which are transcriptionally silent at this stage of development. Thus, DNA replication stress in mammalian preimplantation embryos predisposes gene-poor regions to fragility, and in particular in the human embryo, to the formation of aneuploidies, impairing developmental potential.
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•1-cell embryos show replication fork stalling, with replication extending into G2 phase•Incompletely replicated DNA is converted to chromosome breaks and aneuploidy in mitosis•Spontaneous chromosome breaks and G2 DNA synthesis occur in congruent gene-poor regions•Chromosome fragility in human embryos occurs independently of embryonic genome activation
In human preimplantation embryos, DNA replication in G2 phase results in chromosome breakage, segmental aneuploidies, and poor embryo quality.
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