Autori u predmetnom članku razmatraju ulogu, a samim time i položaj stranke u upravnom djelovanju javnopravnih tijela. Pritom poseban naglasak stavljaju na načelu dobre uprave. Ističu kako je ...promicanje dobre uprave usko povezano s demokratizacijom uprave usmjerenoj prema zagovaranju razvoja koji kreće od građanina podređenog upravi prema građaninu ravnopravnom upravi. U tu svrhu autori razmatraju i utjecaj europskog prava na zaštitu prava stranke.
The authors in this article consider the role and with it the position of party in the administrative activity of legal public bodies. Particular emphasis is placed on the principle of good administration. It is pointed out that promoting good administration is closely linked to democratization of administration which is directed at advocating development which goes from citizens being subjugated to administration to citizens being equal with administration. To this aim, authors also consider the influence of European Law on the protection of the rights of citizen as a party.
U radu se analiziraju pravna priroda i pravno uređenje radiofrekvencijskog spektra u pravnom sustavu Republike Hrvatske. Rad počinje tehničkim prikazom radiofrekvencijskog spektra i povijesnim ...prikazom njegova korištenja u komunikacijske svrhe. U nastavku se u kratkim crtama prikazuju međunarodni sustav harmoniziranja korištenja radiofrekvencijskog spektra te sustav harmoniziranja i reguliranja na razini Europske unije. Rad se nastavlja prikazom određivanja i reguliranja radiofrekvencijskog spektra u pravnom sustavu Republike Hrvatske, te se pokušava odgovoriti na pitanje kojoj vrsti dobara od javnog interesa u hrvatskom pravu pripada radiofrekvencijski spektar.
U radu se analiziraju diferencijalno uređenje i primjena postupaka javne nabave na nabavne postupke sektorskih naručitelja u svim vrstama energetskih djelatnosti. Analiza će se sastojati od dva ...dijela, europskog i hrvatskog. U europskom dijelu javna nabava kod naručitelja koji obavljaju energetske djelatnosti neodvojiva je od šireg pojma „komunalnih usluga” (utilities), te će se stoga analizirati razvoj primjene pravila javne nabave na nabavu naručitelja koji pružaju energetske usluge u kontekstu povijesnih i sadašnjih pravnih shvaćanja o komunalnim uslugama. Također, analizirat će se i promjena javnonabavnih pravila primjenjivih na energetske naručitelje. U drugom dijelu rada, analizirat će se pravni okvir za energetske naručitelje u Republici Hrvatskoj.
In this paper, differential regulation and procedural application of public procurement to the procurement procedures of sector consignees in all kinds of activities concerning energy are analysed. Analysis consists of two parts, European and Croatian. In the European part public procurement by consignees carrying out activities concerning energy is inseparable from the wider concept of „utilities“. Therefore, the development of the application of public procurement rules to procurement consignees providing services concerning energy in the context of historical and contemporary legal understandings of utilities is analysed. Also, changes to the public procurement rules applicable to consignees of energy are analysed. In the second part, the legal framework for consignees of energy in the Republic of Croatia is analysed.
Načelo transparentnosti jedno je od temeljnih načela za provođenje postupaka javne nabave. Dosljednom primjenom navedenog načela osigurava se dostupnost svih potrebnih informacija o postupku javne ...nabave zainteresiranim gospodarskim subjektima, ali se i osigurava transparentnost postupanja naručitelja pri vođenju postupka i donošenju odluke o odabiru. Ipak, načelo transparentnosti ne smije biti apsolutno, budući da će u nekim postupcima javne nabave postojati informacije koje gospodarski subjekti s razlogom ne žele učiniti javno dostupnima. Stoga je pitanje kako uravnotežiti načelo transparentnosti s pravom na tajnost podataka postalo jedno od važnijih pitanja prava javne nabave na razini EU-а, ali i u Republici Hrvatskoj. U ovom radu prikazat ćemo, objasniti i definirati načelo transparentnosti i načelo tajnosti podataka i trenutačno zakonodavno uređenje u Republici Hrvatskoj. Također, prikazat ćemo zahtjeve prema načelu transparentnosti i načelu tajnosti podataka pred Europskim sudom za ljudska prava, ali i Sudom Europske unije. Na kraju ćemo prikazati poredbeno uređenje glavnog problema rada u pravu Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva, te dati konkretne prijedloge kako izmijeniti hrvatsko javnonabavno zakonodavstvo kako bismo osigurali ravnotežu načela transparentnosti i tajnosti podataka u postupcima javne nabave.
U radu se istražuje način na koji bi se, sukladno presudi Suda Europske unije u predmetu C-237/07 Janecek, mogla osigurati sudska zaštita zbog propusta donošenja akcijskih planova za poboljšanje ...kvalitete zraka koji su prema svojoj pravnoj prirodi opći akti. U prvom i drugom dijelu rada prikazuju se komparativna iskustva iz prakse Suda Europske unije glede primjene članka 265. Ugovora o funkcioniranju Europske unije kojim se propisuje tužba zbog propusta institucija Unije da djeluju, kao i sudska praksa iz Austrije, Češke i Francuske u sporovima zbog propusta donošenja planova za poboljšanje kvalitete zraka. U zadnjem dijelu rada razmatra se mogu li se i na koji način takve tužbe zbog propusta donošenja općeg akta, čija obveza donošenja proizlazi iz prava Europske unije, podnositi pred hrvatskim upravnim sudovima odnosno na koji način bi se u toj situaciji mogle primijeniti postojeće odredbe Zakona o općem upravnom postupku i Zakona o upravnim sporovima.
In this paper, the way, pursuant to judgement of the European court in the case of C-237/07 Janecek, court protection can be ensured due to omissions in passing action plans for improving the quality of air which are, according to their legal nature, general acts. The first and second parts of this paper show comparative experiences from European Court practice regarding application of article 265 of the Agreement on the functioning of the European Union which prescribes court action for institutions of the Union for failure to act as in the court practice from Austria, Czech Republic and France in disputes for failing to pass plans for improving the quality of air. In the last section whether and in what way such court action for failing to pass general acts, whose obligation is derived from European Union law, can be brought before Croatian administrative court, that is in which way in that situation the existing provisions from the General Administrative Procedure Act and Administrative Dispute Act can be applied.
Prirodne nepogode za sobom ostavljaju nesagledive posljedice: smrt, ozljede i bolesti, ali i značajnu materijalnu štetu. Kako prirodne nepogode u kontekstu naknade štete predstavljaju izvanredne ...događaje, ne postoji odgovornost države za naknadu tako prouzročene štete svojim građanima. Ipak, država će često, iz solidarnosti sa svojim građanima i u skladu sa svojim mogućnostima, odabrati način naknade bar dijela prirodnom nepogodom prouzročene štete. Država tako može usvojiti i poseban zakon kojim se obvezuje nadoknaditi cijelu ili dio tako prouzročene štete. Ali ako država to odluči učiniti, ima li pravo iz primjene takvog zakona isključiti pravnu zaštitu i transparentnost? Može li tako normirano pružanje pomoći omogućiti nadležnim tijelima djelovanje bez sudskog nadzora i trošenje proračunskih sredstava na netransparentan način? Nažalost, Republika Hrvatska ima iskustva s donošenjem ovakvih posebnih zakona. Najsvježiji primjer potaknut je katastrofalnim zagrebačkim potresom iz ožujka 2020., koji je odnio jedan život, prouzročio brojne ozljede i materijalnu štetu koja se broji u desecima milijardi kuna. Drugi važan primjer potaknut je katastrofalnim poplavama u Gunji iz 2014. Sličnost motivacije za usvajanje tih zakona čini ih idealnim za uspoređivanje zakonodavnih rješenja iz 2014. i 2020., odnosno utvrđivanje kako je (i je li) navedenim zakonima modificirana (uskraćena) mogućnost korištenja pravnih lijekova, odnosno kolika je razina transparentnosti primjene navedenih zakona.
Natural disasters leave behind them immeasurable consequences: death, injury, and disease as well as considerable material damages. As natural disasters in the context of damages represent extraordinary events, there is no state liability for compensation for citizens from such caused damage. However, the government often, out of solidarity to its citizens, and in keeping with their means, choose the compensatory measure for at least a portion of the damage. The State can so adopt a special law by which it commits to compensate the entire damage or a portion of it. However, if the government chooses to do so, does it have the right from the application of such law to exclude legal protection and transparency? Can assistance normed in such a way enable authorized bodies to act without court supervision and spend public budget money in a non-transparent way? Unfortunately, the Republic of Croatia has experience with passing such special laws. The most recent example was with the catastrophic earthquake in Zagreb in March 2020 which took one life, caused numerous injuries and material damage costing tens of billions of Kuna. The other important example resulted from the catastrophic floods in Gunja in 2014. Similar motivation for adopting such laws makes them ideal for comparison with legislative solutions from 2014 and 2020, that is, establishing how (and whether) the stated laws modify (deny) the possibility of using legal remedies, that is, what is the level of transparency in the application of the afore stated laws.
In this paper., the legal nature and regulation of radiofrequency spectrum in the legal system of the Republic of Croatia are analysed. Firstly, there is a technical overview of the radiofrequency ...spectrum and a historical overview of is use for the purposes of communication. Then, briefly, the international system of harmonising the use of radiofrequency spectrum and the system of harmonising and regulation at the EU level are described. Then, an overview of the determination and regulation of the radiofrequency spectrum in the legal system of the Republic of Croatia follows as does an attempt to provide answers to the question of what types of goods of public interest in Croatia belong to the radiofrequency spectrum.
U radu se analiziraju pravna priroda i pravno uređenje radiofrekvencijskog spektra u pravnom sustavu Republike Hrvatske. Rad počinje tehničkim prikazom radiofrekvencijskog spektra i povijesnim prikazom njegova korištenja u komunikacijske svrhe. U nastavku se u kratkim crtama prikazuju međunarodni sustav harmoniziranja korištenja radiofrekvencijskog spektra te sustav harmoniziranja i reguliranja na razini Europske unije. Rad se nastavlja prikazom određivanja i reguliranja radiofrekvencijskog spektra u pravnom sustavu Republike Hrvatske, te se pokušava odgovoriti na pitanje kojoj vrsti dobara od javnog interesa u hrvatskom pravu pripada radiofrekvencijski spektar.
Održiva javna nabava Šikić, Marko
Zbornik Pravnog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Rijeci/Zbornik Pravnog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Rijeci,
01/2017, Letnik:
38, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
U radu se analizira koncept održive
javne nabave; teorijska podloga, razvoj implementacije u inozemne pravne sustave, pravo Europske unije i Republike Hrvatske. Nakon uvodnog postavljanja teorijskih ...okvira i prepoznavanja potrebe za uvođenjem promicanja ciljeva održivog razvoja u javnonabavni pravni okvir, opisuje se razvoj koncepta u inozemnim pravnim sustavima. Nakon toga, prikazuje se postupni razvoj elemenata održivosti u javnoj nabavi u pravu Europske unije, kroz praksu Suda Europske unije i dva posljednja javnonabavna regulatorna okvira. U sljedećem dijelu rada analizira se sadašnji pravni sustav javne nabave u Republici Hrvatskoj radi utvrđivanja postojanja elemenata održivog razvoja, kao i praksa domaćih naručitelja u implementaciji elemenata održivosti u postupke javne nabave. Rad završava analizom kako će na domaći pravni sustav utjecati značajno širenje koncepta održive javne nabave u novom regulatornom okviru Europske unije.
Sustainable public procurement, although a relatively old legal concept, began to take shape signifi cantly in the last 20 years. Large purchasing power of the state and the importance of public procurement procedures for each market necessarily led to the awareness and use of public procurement to achieve the secondary, social and environmental objectives. As such, sustainable public procurement certainly has more advantages than disadvantages. Indirect use of public procurement as a tool in achieving better environmental protection and greater inclusion of socially disadvantaged groups in society must be supported. However, the achievement of those goals must always be secondary, because the main objective of public procurement must be the procurement of the best goods, services or works with the least possible cost to the state budget. Sustainable public procurement has a growing importance in the EU legal order, and thus consequently increasing importance in the legal order of the Republic of Croatia. Beginning with the 2004 EU regulatory framework elements of sustainable procurement are included in the legal systems of all member states, while these elements are signifi cantly more present in the 2014 EU regulatory framework. Certain sustainable elements are signifi cantly expanded, while adding some new. The biggest changes are present in the technical specifi cations, criteria for selection of offers, conditions for performance of the contract, in the new institute of life cycle costing as well as environmental labels. The biggest problem is the fact that the implementation of sustainable elements in public procurement procedures is still voluntary and there is no way to force the implementation of these elements. However, I still think that the signifi cantly expanded elements of sustainable procurement in the 2014 EU regulatory framework willl certainly have a signifi cant impact on the achievement of the objective of 50% green public procurement by 2020. The new provisions in conjunction with the planned promotional activities and education of employees can have a signifi cant impact on raising awareness of the importance of sustainable public procurement. However, the fact that part of sustainable procurement relating to the achievement of social goals is not similarly recognized as important in Croatia is dissapointing.
Under Directive 1989/665/EEC, locus standi in public procurement remedies is recognised to at least any person having or having had an interest in obtaining a particular contract and who has been or ...risks being harmed by an alleged infringement. The Croatian Public Procurement Act does not diverge from this definition. The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has established expansive and detailed case-law on locus standi, and in particular on what is to be considered a ‘particular contract’ under Article 1(3) of Directive 1989/665/EEC. Unfortunately, the case-law of the State Commission for Supervision of Public Procurement Procedures (DKOM) and of the High Administrative Court of the Republic of Croatia (VUSRH) established a much narrower interpretation. This paper aims to analyse relevant case-law of the CJEU, DKOM and VUSRH and explain how has this narrow interpretation of ‘particular contract’ affected the availability of public procurement remedies in Croatia. Keywords: public procurement remedies, locus standi, interpretation of particular contract
Public Procurement and Natural Disasters Turudić, Marko
European procurement & public private partnership law review,
2020, Letnik:
15, Številka:
2
Journal Article
The COVID-19 pandemic has taken lives and endangered health all across the EU, and has had an profound effect on all aspects of economic activity across the Member States. Unfortunately, the pandemic ...isn’t the only natural disaster affectingCroatia today; on 22March 2020, Zagreb and its surrounding counties were struck by the strongest recorded earthquake since 1880. Croatian Government has implemented economic measures to mitigate the consequences of these two natural disasters. Two of those measures directly affect public procurement; the suspension of the majority of public procurement procedures and the Draft ‘Zagreb Rebuild Act’, which aims to suspend the Public Procurement Act in the procurement of materials, services and works for the Zagreb earthquake rebuild effort. This article aims to analyse the validity and consequences of those measures.
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