Invivo gold complex catalysis in living mice is described by K. Tanaka and co-workers in their Communication on page3579ff. When attached to a glycocluster, gold catalysts can be delivered to a ...target organ in a higher organism where they perform a chemical transformation. This approach could enable the use of organometallic catalysts in therapy or diagnostics as they could catalyze the uncaging of therapeutic enzymes or the generation of active drugs at a target organ.
In article number 1600394, Almira Kurbangalieva, Katsunori Tanaka, and co‐workers at the RIKEN Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry Laboratory develop a way to engineer glycan complexes—heterogeneous ...clusters of sugar chains attached to proteins or lipids—in a way that allows the molecules to be transported preferentially to specific organs of the body through pattern recognition mechanisms, depending on the sugar chains contained in the cluster.
Metal complex catalysis within biological systems is largely limited to cell and bacterial systems. In this work, a glycoalbumin-AuIII complex was designed and developed that enables organ-specific, ...localized propargyl ester amidation with nearby proteins within live mice. The targeted reactivity can be imaged through the use of Cy7.5- and TAMRA-linked propargyl ester based fluorescent probes. This targeting system could enable the exploitation of other metal catalysis strategies for biomedical and clinical applications.
Goldkatalysierte Reaktionen ... in lebenden Mäusen werden von K. Tanaka etal. in der Zuschrift auf S.3633ff. beschrieben. Mit Glycoclustern modifizierte Goldkatalysatoren akkumulieren in spezifischen ...Organen in höheren Organismen und katalysieren dort chemische Umsetzungen. Dieser Ansatz könnte die Anwendung von metallorganischen Katalysatoren in der Therapie oder Diagnostik ermöglichen, indem sie die Freisetzung therapeutischer Enzyme oder die Bildung aktiver Wirkstoffe am Zielorgan katalysieren.
Goldkatalysierte Reaktionen …… in lebenden Mäusen werden von K. Tanaka et al. in der Zuschrift auf S. 3633 ff. beschrieben. Mit Glycoclustern modifizierte Goldkatalysatoren akkumulieren in ...spezifischen Organen in höheren Organismen und katalysieren dort chemische Umsetzungen. Dieser Ansatz könnte die Anwendung von metallorganischen Katalysatoren in der Therapie oder Diagnostik ermöglichen, indem sie die Freisetzung therapeutischer Enzyme oder die Bildung aktiver Wirkstoffe am Zielorgan katalysieren.
The design and construction of nanoreactors are important for biomedical applications of enzymes, but lipid‐ and polymeric‐vesicle‐based nanoreactors have some practical limitations. We have ...succeeded in preparing enzyme‐loaded polyion complex vesicles (PICsomes) through a facile protein‐loading method. The preservation of enzyme activity was confirmed even after cross‐linking of the PICsomes. The cross‐linked β‐galactosidase‐loaded PICsomes (β‐gal@PICsomes) selectively accumulated in the tumor tissue of mice. Moreover, a model prodrug, HMDER‐βGal, was successfully converted into a highly fluorescent product, HMDER, at the tumor site, even 4 days after administration of the β‐gal@PICsomes. Intravital confocal microscopy showed continuous production of HMDER and its distribution throughout the tumor tissues. Thus, enzyme‐loaded PICsomes are useful for prodrug activation at the tumor site and could be a versatile platform for enzyme delivery in enzyme prodrug therapy.
Fragile cargo: By vortex mixing, polyion complex vesicles (PICsomes) were readily loaded with enzymes, which were then delivered to tumor tissue without loss of enzyme activity. Importantly for future therapeutic applications as well as tumor imaging, the enzyme‐loaded PICsomes could be used to convert a model prodrug into a highly fluorescent product at the tumor site (see picture).
Eukaryotic chromosomes are organized into heterochromatin and euchromatin domains. Heterochromatin domains are transcriptionally repressed and prevented from spreading into neighbouring genes by ...chromatin boundaries. Previously, we identified 55 boundary-related genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this study, we describe the characterization of one of these boundary genes, named SGF29, which was previously reported as a component of the SAGA, SLIK, ADA and HAT-A2 complex. A domain analysis of Sgf29 identified two minimal regions that can function as individual boundaries. The N-terminal minimal region comprising amino acids 1-12, which has not been defined as a functional domain, showed stronger boundary formation ability than the C-terminal minimal region comprising amino acids 110-255, which contains Tudor domains. Together with Ada2, Ada3 and Sgf29, which are all components of SAGA, Gcn5 acetylates multiple lysine residues on nucleosomal histone H3, which is associated with an open chromatin structure. However, the results presented in this study suggest that the boundary formation ability of the Sgf29 minimal regions is independent of Gcn5. An in vivo analysis also revealed that Sgf29 and Gcn5 perform distinct functions at native telomere boundary regions on the chromosome.
Objectives: To elucidate perioperative nursing care provided to oldest-old patients with femoral head fractures by experienced nurses.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 ...experienced nurses and analyzed the data using the modified grounded theory approach.Results: Experienced nurses provided oldest-old patients with preoperative care so that the oldest-old patient can undergo surgery without incident and postoperative care for the oldest-old patient to recover smoothly, which were based on intentional involvement for oldest-old patients to pass their hospital stay with ease, intentional involvement to prevent decline in physical functioning, and intentional involvement to prevent decline in cognitive functioning. Furthermore, from the early stage, sharing of information among multi-disciplines and with the family according to the status of the oldest-old patient led to discharge support, taking into consideration the burden on the family members who will provide care for the oldest-old patient. The basis of these nursing duties lies in the consideration of preventing the elderly individual from exertion and providing indispensable support to the oldest-old patient.Conclusion: On the basis of these findings, it was suggested that nursing duties contribute to improving the quality of life of oldest-old patients.
PDF
