Racemic (
R,S)-2-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)propionic acid (
3) has been prepared from 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin.
R-(−)-Pantolactone has been used as auxiliary for the synthesis of R-
3 and ...S-
3. The anti-inflammatory properties of the new carboxylic acids are described and compared with other anti-inflammatory agents. The highest activity is exhibited by compound biS-
3.
Analysis of plutonium in soil samples Rubio Montero, M.P.; Martı́n Sánchez, A.; Crespo Vázquez, M.T. ...
Applied radiation and isotopes,
07/2000, Letnik:
53, Številka:
1-2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Procedures for analysis of plutonium in soil samples were developed using anion exchange as a purification technique. Special attention was paid to removing impurities of 228Th which interferes in ...238Pu determination by alpha spectrometry. Two anion-exchange methods were compared. The determination of plutonium in soil involves the conversion of soil samples to acid-soluble form. Two methods for the extraction of plutonium from a natural reference soil were compared. The first method (a direct digestion in nitric acid) is suitable for the determination of plutonium in large amounts of sample. The second method involves microwave digestion of soil (5 g) with a mixture of HNO3, HCl and HF, and is suitable for saving time in routine determinations. Activities calculated with a reference soil matrix were in good agreement with the reference value. The microwave digestion method was applied in a study of different soil samples, and recoveries ranged between 20% and 50%.
New dioxinoquinolines (1-8) have been synthesized and their antiproliferative properties have been tested against several cell lines. The treatment of the 6-acetamido-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine ...(10) with phosphorous oxychloride in the presence of DMF leads to a mixture of linear and angular tricyclic compounds. The key intermediates were modified and cyclized giving the corresponding dioxinoquinolines. In general, these compounds have a moderate citotoxycity.
To evaluate the effectiveness of botulinum toxin in the treatment of chronic anal fissure after long-term follow-up and establish the manometric factors related to recurrence.
We performed a ...prospective study in 50 consecutive patients with chronic anal fissure who were treated with 25 U botulinum toxin injected into the internal sphincter. Clinical and manometric parameters were recorded until the fourth year of follow-up.
There was a tendency to progressive recurrence over time (54% at 4 years) associated with manometric factors indicating hyperexcitability of the internal anal sphincter (persistently elevated mean resting pressure, percentage of time with slow waves, and number of patients or percentage of time with ultra-slow waves after treatment).
Treatment of chronic anal fissure with botulinum toxin leads to long-term cure in less than 50% of patients. In patients with manometric factors related to recurrence, this treatment is insufficient for definitive cure.
Synthesis and antiinflammatory properties of new carboxylic acids containing the 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin subunit are described. The 2-(2,3-dihydro-1, 4-benzodioxin-6-yl)acetic acid was of ...comparable potency to Ibuprofen, in carrageenan induced rat paw edema assay.
The localization of neurocalcin in the developing and adult human peripheral nervous system (dorsal root and sympathetic ganglia (DRG, SG), and enteric nervous system (ENS)) was investigated using ...immunohistochemistry. A subpopulation of large-sized neurons in DRG of 9 and 12 weeks old embryos showed immunoreactivity (IR), whereas the sympathetic ganglia or enteric neurons did not. In adults, neurocalcin IR was restricted to a subpopulation of large (13%) and intermediate (15%) sized neurons in DRG. The protein was also found in muscular (67%) and cutaneous (12%) nerve fibers, as well as in the axons supplying muscular (muscle spindles, Golgi's tendon organs, and perimysial Pacinian corpuscles) and cutaneous (Meissner's but not Pacinian corpuscles) mechanoreceptors, as well as motor end-plates. Present results demonstrate that neurocalcin in both developing and adult humans can be used as a specific marker for a subpopulation of sensory neurons coupled to proprioception and touch, and for axons of motoneurons forming motor end-plates.
.
Pepsinogen C is a proteolytic enzyme involved in the digestion of proteins in the stomach; it is also synthesized by a significant percentage of female breast carcinomas. In addition, it has been ...demonstrated that pepsinogen C is one of the few proteins induced by androgens in breast carcinoma cells. Here we evaluate the expression of pepsinogen C by immunoperoxidase staining in normal breast tissue from 3 male patients, 15 gynecomastia tissues, 2 male in situ breast carcinomas, and 68 male invasive breast carcinomas. Pepsinogen C immunostaining values were quantified in male breast tumors using the HSCORE system, which considers both the intensity and the percentage of cells staining at each intensity. The results indicated positive immunohistochemical staining for pepsinogen C in all gynecomastia tissues, the two in situ ductal carcinomas, and 52 of 68 invasive breast carcinomas (76.4%). The three normal breast tissues analyzed showed negative staining for pepsinogen C, whereas invasive tumors showed clear differences among them with regard to the intensity and percentage of staining cells. In addition, pepsinogen C scores were significantly higher in well‐differentiated (grade I, 188.7) and moderately differentiated (grade II, 145.8) tumors than in poorly differentiated (grade III, 98.5) tumors (p= 0.032). Similarly, significant differences in pepsinogen C content were found between estrogen receptor (ER)‐positive tumors and ER‐negative tumors (158.5 vs. 44.3, respectively; p= 0.009). Patients with pepsinogen C‐positive tumors reached longer relapse‐free and overall survival periods than did those with tumors with negative staining, but no statistical differences were observed between survival curves calculated for these two groups of patients. This results demonstrate expression of pepsinogen C by gynecomastias and by a high percentage of male breast carcinomas and may indicate an important role of pepsinogen C in the pathophysiology of male breast diseases.
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