Abstract
We present the most sensitive direct imaging and radial velocity (RV) exploration of
ϵ
Eridani to date.
ϵ
Eridani is an adolescent planetary system, reminiscent of the early solar system. It ...is surrounded by a prominent and complex debris disk that is likely stirred by one or several gas giant exoplanets. The discovery of the RV signature of a giant exoplanet was announced 15 yr ago, but has met with scrutiny due to possible confusion with stellar noise. We confirm the planet with a new compilation and analysis of precise RV data spanning 30 yr, and combine it with upper limits from our direct imaging search, the most sensitive ever performed. The deep images were taken in the
Ms
band (4.7
μ
m) with the vortex coronagraph recently installed in W.M. Keck Observatory’s infrared camera NIRC2, which opens a sensitive window for planet searches around nearby adolescent systems. The RV data and direct imaging upper limit maps were combined in an innovative joint Bayesian analysis, providing new constraints on the mass and orbital parameters of the elusive planet.
ϵ
Eridani b has a mass of
M
Jup
and is orbiting
ϵ
Eridani at about 3.48 ± 0.02 au with a period of 7.37 ± 0.07 yr. The eccentricity of
ϵ
Eridani b’s orbit is
, an order of magnitude smaller than early estimates and consistent with a circular orbit. We discuss our findings from the standpoint of planet–disk interactions and prospects for future detection and characterization with the
James Webb Space Telescope
.
We created a novel air-filled bicycle helmet. The aims of this study were (i) to assess the head injury mitigation performance of the proposed helmet and (ii) to compare those performance results ...against the performance results of an expanded polystyrene (EPS) traditional bicycle helmet. Two bicycle helmet types were subjected to impacts in guided vertical drop tests onto a flat anvil: EPS helmets and air-filled helmets (Bumpair). The maximum acceleration value recorded during the test on the Bumpair helmet was 86.76 ± 3.06 g, while the acceleration during the first shock on the traditional helmets reached 207.85 ± 5.55 g (
< 0.001). For the traditional helmets, the acceleration increased steadily over the number of shocks. There was a strong correlation between the number of impacts and the response of the traditional helmet (cor = 0.94;
< 0.001), while the Bumpair helmets showed a less significant dependence over time (cor = 0.36;
= 0.048), meaning previous impacts had a lower consequence. The air-filled helmet significantly reduced the maximal linear acceleration when compared to an EPS traditional helmet, showing improvements in impact energy mitigation, as well as in resistance to repeated impacts. This novel helmet concept could improve head injury mitigation in cyclists.
The mechanisms underlying early atherosclerotic plaque formation are not completely understood. Moreover, plasma biomarkers of subclinical atherosclerosis are lacking.
The purpose of this study was ...to analyze the temporal and topologically resolved protein changes taking place in human aortas with early atherosclerosis to find new potential diagnostic and/or therapeutic targets.
The protein composition of healthy aortas (media layer) or with early atheroma (fatty streak and fibrolipidic, media and intima layers) was analyzed by deep quantitative multiplexed proteomics. Further analysis was performed by Western blot, immunohistochemistry, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Plasma levels of complement C5 were analyzed in relation to the presence of generalized (>2 plaques) or incipient (0 to 2 plaques) subclinical atherosclerosis in 2 independent clinical cohorts (PESA Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis n = 360 and NEFRONA National Observatory of Atherosclerosis in Nephrology n = 394).
Proteins involved in lipid transport, complement system, immunoglobulin superfamily, and hemostasis are increased in early plaques. Components from the complement activation pathway were predominantly increased in the intima of fibrolipidic plaques. Among them, increased C5 protein levels were further confirmed by Western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry, and associated with in situ complement activation. Plasma C5 was significantly increased in individuals with generalized subclinical atherosclerosis in both PESA and NEFRONA cohorts, independently of risk factors. Moreover, in the PESA study, C5 plasma levels positively correlated with global plaque volume and coronary calcification.
Activation of the complement system is a major alteration in early atherosclerotic plaques and is reflected by increased C5 plasma levels, which have promising value as a novel circulating biomarker of subclinical atherosclerosis.
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To estimate the evolution of compressible absenteeism in a hospital center and identify the professional and sociodemographic factors that influence absenteeism.
All hospital center employees have ...been included over a period of twelve consecutive years (2007 to 2019). Compressible absences and occupational and sociodemographic factors were analyzed using Occupational Health data. Since the distribution of the data did not follow a normal distribution, the number of days of absence was presented as a median (interquartile range (IQR): 1st quartile-3rd quartile), and comparisons were made using non-parametric tests followed by a negative binomial model with zero inflation (ZINB).
A total of 16,413 employees were included, for a total of 2,828,599 days of absence, of which 2,081,553 were compressible absences (73.6% of total absences). Overall, 42% of employees have at least one absence per year. Absent employees had a median of 15 (IQR 5-53) days of absence per year, with an increase of a factor of 1.9 (CI95 1.8-2.1) between 2007 and 2019 (
< 0.001). Paramedical staff were most at risk of absence (
< 0.001 vs. all other occupational categories). Between 2007 and 2019, the number of days of absence was multiplied by 2.4 (CI95 1.8-3.1) for administrative staff, 2.1 (CI95 1.9-2.3) for tenured, 1.7 (CI95 1.5-2.0) for those living more than 12 km from the workplace, 1.8 (CI95 1.6-2.0) among women, 2.1 (CI95 1.8-2.6) among those over 50 years of age, 2.4 (CI95 1.8-3.0) among "separated" workers, and 2.0 (CI95 1.8-2.2) among those with at least one child.
Paramedical personnel are most at risk of absenteeism. Meanwhile, absenteeism is increasing steadily, and overall, the increase is major for administrative staff. The profile of an employee at risk of absenteeism is a titular employee, living at distance from work, probably female, over 50 years old, separated, and with children. Identifying professionals at risk of absenteeism is essential to propose adapted and personalized preventive measures.
The reversibility of HRV abnormalities in hyperthyroidism remains contradictory. The design of this study involves conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of antithyroid ...treatments on HRV in hyperthyroidism. PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched until 4 April 2022. Multiple reviewers selected articles reporting HRV parameters in treated and untreated hyperthyroidism. Independent data extraction by multiple observers was stratified by degree of hyperthyroidism for each HRV parameter: RR intervals, SDNN (standard deviation of RR intervals), RMSSD (square root of the mean difference of successive RR intervals), pNN50 (percentage of RR intervals with >50 ms of variation), total power (TP), LFnu (low-frequency normalized unit) and HFnu (high-frequency), VLF (very low-frequency), and LF/HF ratio. We included 11 studies for a total of 471 treated hyperthyroid patients, 495 untreated hyperthyroid patients, and 781 healthy controls. After treatment, there was an increase in RR, SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50, TP, HFnu, and VLF and a decrease in LFnu and LF/HF ratio (p < 0.01). Overt hyperthyroidism showed similar results, in contrast to subclinical hyperthyroidism. Compared with controls, some HRV parameter abnormalities persist in treated hyperthyroid patients (p < 0.05) with lower SDNN, LFnu, and higher HFnu, without significant difference in other parameters. We showed a partial reversibility of HRV abnormalities following treatment of overt hyperthyroidism. The improvement in HRV may translate the clinical cardiovascular benefits of treatments in hyperthyroidism and may help to follow the evolution of the cardiovascular morbidity.
Introductionles complications cardiovasculaires sont devenues la 3e cause de décès et le 4e motif d´hospitalisation des patients infectés par le VIH. L´objectif de ce travail était de déterminer la ...fréquence de l´ischémie myocardique asymptomatique chez les patients infectés par le VIH sous traitement antirétroviral.Méthodesétude transversale descriptive qui s´est déroulée en novembre 2015. Ont été inclus les patients infectés par le VIH1, sous traitement ARV, asymptomatiques suivis dans l´unité d´Hôpital de Jour du service des Maladies Infectieuses du CHU Souro Sanou de Bobo-Dioulasso. Les patients inclus ont bénéficié d´un recueil des facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire, de deux mesures en consultation de la pression artérielle en position assise après 10 minutes de repos et d´un électrocardiogramme 12 dérivations de repos.Résultatsau total, 123 patients infectés par le VIH1 avec un âge médian de 42 ans (IIQ: 36-50) et composés à 79% de sujets de sexe féminin ont été inclus. Les facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire retrouvés se répartissaient comme suit: HTA (31,7%), obésité (33%), dyslipidémies (10,57%), tabagisme actif (0,8%), diabète (0,8%). Tous les hypertendus connus (5,7%) étaient insuffisamment traités. La durée médiane d´exposition aux ARV était de 5,3 années (IIQ: 3-7,7). Les troubles de la repolarisation étaient observés dans 26 cas (21,13%). Ils se répartissaient en ischémie sous épicardique dans 20 cas (16,26%), lésion sous endocardique dans 2 cas (1,63%) et en séquelle de nécrose dans 4 cas (3,25%). L’hypertrophie ventriculaire gauche (HVG) était observée dans 12 cas (9,76%) et était observée chez les patients hypertendus. Le QTc était allongé chez 7 patients (5,69%) indépendamment de la classe d´ARV administré.Conclusiondans cette étude sur les patients infectés par le VIH1, il ressort que l´ischémie myocardique asymptomatique est fréquente. Il conviendrait de renforcer son dépistage par des tests d´ischémie plus performants afin de mieux préciser sa gravité dans cette sous population au risque cardiovasculaire accru.
This article follows on from various studies that analyze the internal sociological heterogeneity of social movements and the power relations resulting from it. It focuses on the activist careers of ...three female activists in the French Yellow Vest movement and shows that the loose, decentralized structure of this movement allows for the emergence of spaces where it is possible, locally and temporarily, to subvert power relations. The demonstration is processual and chronological. We start by analyzing how the social and political background of the three women informed the way they entered the movement and seek what they regard as their rightful place, whether as organizer or as grassroots activist. We then show how the mix of such backgrounds and their first steps in the movements led them to negotiate, stay, or escape from the mobilization sites they frequented.
Abstract
Purpose
There is a real need to find less invasive therapeutic options for young patients suffering from osteoarthritis of the first carpometacarpal joint. We wanted to assess the ...effectiveness of targeted partial arthroscopic trapeziectomy with distraction of the trapeziometacarpal (TM) joint with Kirschner wires (K-wires) in 39 thumbs impacted by TM osteoarthritis.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective study in which preoperative and postoperative data on pinch strength, grip strength, and pain on a visual analogue scale were collected. Subgroup analysis was performed based on two different K-wire distraction techniques. Only patients suffering from primary osteoarthritis and younger than 70 years were included. Second, we compared the frequency of complications relative to the position of the pins.
Results
We found a significant improvement in pain (
p
= 0.005) and grip strength (
p
= 0.0021) as well as an improvement in pinch strength (
p
= 0.5704). There was reduction in pain for all Badia levels, which was significant for stages 2 (
p
= 0.002) and 3 (
p
= 0.032) as well as an overall improvement in grip strength and pinch strength for all Badia levels.
Conclusion
Partial trapeziectomy with K-wire distraction in young patients suffering from TM osteoarthritis is a simple technique that requires minimal equipment and yields satisfactory outcomes. Conversion to another surgical treatment is still possible if this less invasive technique is unsuccessful.
Level of Evidence
This is a Level IV study.
Background/Objectives: Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a disorder of the heart and kidneys, with one type of organ dysfunction affecting the other. The pathophysiology is complex, and its actual ...description has been questioned. We used clustering analysis to identify clinically relevant phenogroups among patients with CRS. Methods: Data for patients admitted from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2012 were collected from the French national medico-administrative database. Patients with a diagnosis of heart failure and chronic kidney disease and at least 5 years of follow-up were included. Results: In total, 13,665 patients were included and four clusters were identified. Cluster 1 could be described as the vascular–diabetes cluster. It comprised 1930 patients (14.1%), among which 60% had diabetes, 94% had coronary artery disease (CAD), and 80% had peripheral artery disease (PAD). Cluster 2 could be described as the vascular cluster. It comprised 2487 patients (18.2%), among which 33% had diabetes, 85% had CAD, and 78% had PAD. Cluster 3 could be described as the metabolic cluster. It comprised 2163 patients (15.8%), among which 87% had diabetes, 67% dyslipidemia, and 62% obesity. Cluster 4 comprised 7085 patients (51.8%) and could be described as the low-vascular cluster. The vascular cluster was the only one associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular death (HR: 1.48 1.32–1.66). The metabolic cluster was associated with a higher risk of kidney replacement therapy (HR: 1.33 1.17–1.51). Conclusions: Our study supports a new classification of CRS based on the vascular aspect of pathophysiology differentiating microvascular or macrovascular lesions. These results could have an impact on patients’ medical treatment.
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