Edible coatings based on gelatin containing an ethanolic extract of Propolis (PEE) collected of hives from Monte region in Argentina were developed and applied to raspberries (Rubus idaeus L.) with ...the aim of prolonging their shelf life. Initially, the antifungal activity of PEE was evaluated against the major fungal pathogens of fruit and vegetables. Then, two different strategies were followed to incorporate the PEE into gelatin-based films: i) by directly incorporating the PEE into the protein matrix and ii) by previously encapsulating the PEE within zein nanocapsules with the aim of controlling the release of the PPE and extending their efficiency with time. Dry films were evaluated in terms of their optical, morphological, mechanical and water barrier properties. Likewise, the antifungal activity of the films against P. digitatum, P. expansum, P. italicum, A. alternata, A. carbonarius and B. cinerea was also assessed. Finally, film-forming dispersions (FFD) were applied to cold-stored raspberries and the fungal decay was determined throughout cold storage at 5 °C.
The incorporation of PEE affected the mechanical response of the films, giving rise to more flexible and deformable edible films, but also more colored films with lower transparency. The active films revealed a notable antifungal activity against the tested fungus, showing a greater inhibitory effect on P. digitatum and B. cinerea. Adding PEE enhanced the antifungal activity during cold storage in raspberries. Furthermore, this proof-of-concept study proved the efficiency of the encapsulation process to reduce the infection incidence in raspberries stored at refrigeration temperatures for a longer period of time.
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•Active edible coatings based on proteins and propolis extract (PEE) were developed .•The antifungal activity of PEE was evaluated against the major fungal pathogens of fruits .•Incorporation of PEE affected the physicochemical properties of the gelatin based films .•Active films showed remarkable antifungal properties .•Encapsulation of PEE into zein capsules reduced the infection incidence in raspberries .
If diapers are infrequently changed, they are subjected to an excess of hydration causing bad smells and skin irritation. These problems are mainly induced by a bacterium present in human urine, ...Corynebacterium ammoniagenes. The bacterial growth can be avoided by bactericidal agents, such as the anionic clays or layered double hydroxides (LDH) that can be modified chemically by introducing bactericidal ions, such as Zn cations, into the LDH lamellae arrangement. In this work, for the first time, the effectiveness of layered double hydroxides with various compositions as antibacterial agents against C. ammoniagenes was evaluated. Two in vitro procedures were carried out; the first was a modified Kirby Bauer method, and the second was a broth-dilution method for performing antimicrobial susceptibility. The layered double hydroxides were characterized by X-ray diffraction, FT infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and thermo-gravimetric and differential thermal analyses.
The results show that layered double hydroxides containing copper or magnesium as divalent cations were not active against C. ammoniagenes, whereas those containing zinc, as a divalent cation presented excellent bactericidal activity; this being proven by a 98.1% reduction in the C. ammoniagenes colonies after 24 h of contact time with only 20 mg of LDH/mL or 99.9% reduction with 50 mg/mL.
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•LDH with various compositions were synthesized.•LDH were tested against C. ammoniagenes bacterium.•LDH containing Zn presented high bactericidal activities.•A bacterial reduction of 98.1% was attained with 20 mg of LDH per mL.
Desde una perspectiva lingüística, este documento examina cómo la Responsabilidad Social Corporativa (RSC) se legitima en los mensajes de los presidentes a los accionistas publicados en memorias o ...informes anuales. El propósito es identificar cuáles son los modos discursivos preferidos por los presidentes para legitimar sus discursos sobre sostenibilidad; en concreto, se analizan qué temas surgen en relación con la RSC y qué clase de estrategias de legitimación están presentes en dichos discursos. En cuanto a los tipos de estrategias discursivas, distinguiremos entre morales, pragmáticas o cognitivas (Marais, 2012). Se realiza un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de 34 documentos (69.857 palabras) publicados en 2008, 2015 y 2019 por presidentes del sector bancario y energético del Ibex35, principal índice bursátil español. Por una parte, analizar estos años permiten una visión diacrónica del discurso de legitimación; por otra, a través de los sectores elegidos se comprenderá el discurso de legitimación de dos sectores cuya reputación quedó especialmente dañada, aunque por diferentes motivos: en el caso del sector energético, porque su actividad amenaza especialmente al medio ambiente y, en el caso del sector bancario, porque desde la crisis de 2008 el sector bancario ha sido objeto de sospechas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran un comportamiento similar por sector y año en cuanto a estrategias de legitimación; sin embargo, en función de los temas de RSC, se observan importantes diferencias, en el sector energético hay un claro predominio de los temas medioambientales mientras que el sector bancario prefiere los temas sociales.
The study analyzed the physical sports activity (hereafter PSA) of 632 adolescent girls from the island of Tenerife, belonging to 68 educational centers. The objective, besides knowing these habits, ...was to check the influence of these habits on their academic performance, self-esteem and self-concept. The data were collected through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the adaptation of the physical self-concept questionnaire for young people (C-PSQ) and the AF5 questionnaire. The results confirm the influence of PSA on the aforementioned variables, the relationship between the sports habits of fathers and mothers and those of daughters, the decrease in the practice of PSA in adolescence compared to childhood, and the existence of activities that continue to be influenced by gender stereotypes. This information can be useful for developing more appropriate public sports policies that encourage PSA, reduce dropouts and contribute to breaking gender stereotypes, offering alternatives that allow the creation and consolidation of healthy sports habits.
One of the most severe effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is lung disorders such as acute respiratory distress syndrome. In the absence of effective treatments, it is necessary to search ...for new therapies and therapeutic targets. Platelets play a fundamental role in respiratory disorders resulting from viral infections, being the first line of defense against viruses and essential in maintaining lung function. The direct application of platelet lysate (PL) obtained from the platelet-rich plasma of healthy donors could help in the improvement of the patient due its anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antifibrotic, and repairing effects. This work evaluates PL nebulization by analyzing its levels of growth factors and its biological activity on lung fibroblast cell cultures, besides describing a scientific basis for its use in this kind of pathology. The data of the work suggest that the molecular levels and biological activity of the PL are maintained after nebulization. Airway administration would allow acting directly on the lung tissue modulating inflammation and stimulating reparative processes on key structures such as the alveolocapillary barrier, improving the disease and sequels. The protocol developed in this work is a first step for the study of nebulized PL both in animal experimentation and in clinical trials.
The pandemic caused by covid-19 has revealed an enormous vulnerability in health, economic and social terms. We are facing a new unprecedented environmental and socioeconomic reality, which poses a ...challenge for risk control and management. This forces a methodological effort to be made in all areas in the creation of models for the prevention and prediction of existing impacts, risks, and potential threats. In Social Services’ field, we propose a tool that will allow, on the one hand, to measure the impact of COVID-19 on the Social Services system and, on the other hand, to evaluate the areas with the highest socioeconomic risk in the post-COVID scenario. The modified Delphi technique has been used to reach a consensus on a proposal of 37 indicators with a group of experts, which in the final phase resulted in 34. To our knowledge, this represents the first risk assessment tool in social services designed specifically for use at local level. The proposed tool can help determine the situation of municipal social services in relation to risk, assessing weaknesses and improving the capacity of the system.
PurposeExtensive research suggests that maternal prenatal distress is reliably related to perinatal and child health outcomes—which may persist into adulthood. However, basic questions remain ...regarding mechanisms involved. To better understand these mechanisms, we developed the Understanding Pregnancy Signals and Infant Development (UPSIDE) cohort study, which has several distinguishing features, including repeated assessments across trimesters, analysis of multiple biological pathways of interest, and incorporation of placental structure and function as mediators of child health outcomes.ParticipantsWomen with normal risk pregnancies were recruited at <14 weeks gestation. Study visits occurred in each trimester and included extensive psychological, sociodemographic, health behaviour and biospecimen collection. Placenta and cord blood were collected at birth. Child visits (ongoing) occur at birth and 1, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 months of age and use standard anthropometric, clinical, behavioural, biological and neuroimaging methods to assess child physical and neurodevelopment.Findings to dateWe recruited 326 pregnancies; 294 (90%) were retained through birth. Success rates for prenatal biospecimen collection were high across all trimesters (96%–99% for blood, 94%–97% for urine, 96%–99% for saliva, 96% of placentas, 88% for cord blood and 93% for buccal swab). Ninety-four per cent of eligible babies (n=277) participated in a birth examination; postnatal visits are ongoing.Future plansThe current phase of the study follows children through age 4 to examine child neurodevelopment and physical development. In addition, the cohort participates in the National Institutes of Health’s Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes programme, a national study of 50 000 families examining early environmental influences on perinatal outcomes, neurodevelopment, obesity and airway disease. Future research will leverage the rich repository of biological samples and clinical data to expand research on the mechanisms of child health outcomes in relation to environmental chemical exposures, genetics and the microbiome.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) during adolescence is a common and disabling psychiatric condition; yet, little is known about its neurobiological underpinning. Evidence indicates that MDD in adults ...involves alterations in white and gray matter; however, sparse research has focused on adolescent MDD. Similarly, little research has accounted for the wide variability of symptom severity among depressed teens. Here, we aimed to investigate white matter (WM) microstructure between 17 adolescents with MDD and 16 matched healthy controls (HC) using diffusion tensor imaging. We further assessed within the MDD group relationships between WM integrity and depression severity, as well as anhedonia and irritability - two core symptoms of adolescent MDD. As expected, adolescents with MDD manifested decreased WM integrity compared to HC in the anterior cingulum and anterior corona radiata. Within the MDD group, greater depression severity was correlated with reduced WM integrity in the genu of corpus callosum, anterior thalamic radiation, anterior cingulum, and sagittal stratum. However, anhedonia and irritability were associated with alterations in distinct WM tracts. Specifically, anhedonia was associated with disturbances in tracts related to reward processing, including the anterior limb of the internal capsule and projection fibers to the orbitofrontal cortex. Irritability was associated with decreased integrity in the sagittal stratum, anterior corona radiata, and tracts leading to prefrontal and temporal cortices. Overall, these preliminary findings provide further support for the hypotheses that there is a disconnect between prefrontal and limbic emotional regions in depression, and that specific clinical symptoms involve distinct alterations in WM tracts.
Comunicar emociones en Facebook Fernández-Vallejo, Ana M.
Revista española de lingüística aplicada,
08/2020, Letnik:
33, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Resumen
La comunicación entre empresa y cliente ha cambiado con la irrupción de las redes sociales en la comunicación corporativa: la comunicación bidireccional (empresa a cliente) se ha transformado ...en multidireccional (cliente a cliente o cliente a empresa) y el elemento emocional ha entrado a formar parte de ese mensaje. Este estudio analiza cómo se comunican las emociones en las redes sociales de las organizaciones. El objetivo es descubrir qué estrategias multimodales de evaluación, intensificación o aproximación describen o evocan las emociones. El análisis, metodológicamente cuantitativo, está basado en un corpus conformado por un total de 3128 publicaciones (41287 palabras); estas entradas se recogieron de forma manual en el último trimestre de 2016 de la cuenta de Facebook del grupo Dia y se organizaron en tres
subcorpus
:
posts
publicados por la empresa, comentarios de la empresa y comentarios de los seguidores. Los resultados permiten extraer las siguientes conclusiones: (1) la alta frecuencia de
posts
con contenido emocional en la comunicación digital de las empresas, especialmente a través de redes como Facebook; (2) la prevalencia de las emociones positivas en los tres
subcorpus
; (3) la homogeneidad en el uso de recursos verbales y no verbales de estrategias de evaluación, intensidad y aproximación en los tres
subcorpus
; excepción hecha de los recursos icono-gráficos de intensidad, que es más libre en los comentarios de los seguidores.
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