Lactic acid bacteria can be considered as natural biopreservative and good biotechnological alternative to food safety. In this study, the antilisterial compounds produced by
Enterococcus
isolates ...from the Patagonian environment and their effectiveness for the control of
Listeria monocytogenes
in a food model were studied.
Enterococcus
isolates whose cell-free supernatant presented activity against
Listeria monocytogenes
were identified and evaluated for their virulence factors. The activity of the antimicrobial compounds produced by
Enterococcus
sp. against
Listeria monocytogenes
Scott A in meat gravy and ground beef during refrigerated storage was tested. The results indicated that ten
Enterococcus
isolates presented activity against
Listeria monocytogenes
and none of the selected strains presented virulence factors.
L. monocytogenes
in the food models containing the antilisterial compounds produced by
Enterococcus
sp. has decreased over the days, indicating that these compounds and cultures are an alternative to control the growth of
L. monocytogenes
in foods.
New technologies and eating disorders de Pablo, G. Salazar; McDonagh, J. San Martin; Vallejo, S. Gomez ...
European neuropsychopharmacology,
10/2016, Letnik:
26
Journal Article
Currently, there is a high demand for fresh, minimally processed foods. Therefore, the search for natural compounds that can be used to increase the quality and shelf life of food, as well as to ...control or eliminate the development of pathogens has been increasing. The general objective was to determine the simultaneous production, at a controlled pH 6, of bacteriocin and bioemulsifier by the Enterococcus mundtii Tw278 strain and evaluate the conservation capacity in a food model. The pH control did not affect the production of the compounds when the optimal production media were used (LAPTg for bacteriocin and LAPLW for bioemulsifier), respectively. The values obtained for bacteriocin were 819,200 AU/mL at 9 h in the batch, while this value was obtained at 12 h in the reactor. The highest emulsification index (E24) was 60.97 at 24 h in the batch, while in the reactor, it was 54.3 at 12 h. The bioemulsifier produced would be a glyprotein, according to FTIR analysis, with the capacity to form polydisperse oil-in-water emulsions with particles with an average diameter of 50 μm. Finally, it was found that E. mundtii Tw278 strain, as well as its antilisteria extract, were able to control and reduce the initial population of 3.4 log CFU/mL of Listeria monocytogenes Scott A to undetectable values in a yogurt model, with production at 42 °C for 8 h and storage at 4 °C for 15 days and bacteriocinogenic strain and its extract did not alter the physicochemical properties inherent to yogurt.
Highlights • The OptoGait system provides a reliable method to evaluate spatial-temporal gait progress. • Nineteen variables of the OptoGait system were evaluated for reliability; those that showed ...high reliability included: step length, stride length, distance, total contact time, step time, walking speed, cadence, gait cycle, stance phase, swing phase, heel contact phase, flatfoot phase, takeoff phase, single limb support, double limb support, load response phase, and pre-swing phase. • Only two variables, acceleration and progressive step time, were not reliable measures.
Monocytes (Mo) mediate central functions in inflammation and immunity. Different subpopulations of Mo with distinct phenotype and functional properties have been described. Here, we investigate the ...phenotype and function of peripheral Mo from children with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). For this purpose, blood samples from patients in the acute period of HUS (HUS AP) were obtained on admission before dialysis and/or transfusion. The Mo phenotypic characterization was performed on whole blood by flow cytometry, and markers associated to biological functions were selected: CD14 accounting for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) responsiveness, CD11b for adhesion, Fc receptor for immunoglobulin G type I (FcgammaRI)/CD64 for phagocytosis and cytotoxicity, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR for antigen presentation. Some of these functions were also determined. Moreover, the percentage of CD14+ CD16+ Mo was evaluated. We found that the entire HUS AP Mo population exhibited reduced CD14, CD64, and CD11b expression and decreased LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor production and Fcgamma-dependent cytotoxicity. HUS AP showed an increased percentage of CD14+ CD16+ Mo with higher CD16 and lower CD14 levels compared with the same subset from healthy children. Moreover, the CD14++ CD16- Mo subpopulation of HUS AP had a decreased HLA-DR expression, which correlated with severity. In conclusion, the Mo population from HUS AP patients presents phenotypic and functional alterations. The contribution to the pathogenesis and the possible scenarios that led to these changes are discussed.
Childhood trauma is intimately related with suicidal behaviour. Patients who have suffered childhood trauma develop impaired Reflective Functioning (RF), which refers to the capacity to understand ...ourselves and others in terms of intentional mental states. An improvement in RF has been associated with a reduction in suicidal attempts, but the mediating role of RF between childhood trauma and suicidal behaviour has not been addressed so far.
We aim to examine the potential mediating effect of RF among childhood trauma and suicide attempts.
We included 748 patients who had attempted suicide at least once. They were asked to complete the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ-8), the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating scale (CSSRS), and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF). We conducted linear regressions by simple mediating model to examine the role of RF in the indirect association between childhood trauma and the number of suicide attempts.
Our results show significant indirect effects through hypo and hypermentalizing between Emotional Abuse (EA) and Sexual Abuse (SA) in childhood and the number of suicide attempts in lifetime. These results indicate that ineffective RF significantly mediates the association between childhood trauma and suicidality.
This is the first study supporting the mediational role of RF in the relationship between EA and SA, and the number of suicide attempt in lifetime. These findings have important implications for reducing suicide rates and preventing future re-attempts. Further studies analysing this mediating role and focusing efforts on increasing RF-based interventions are required.
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