The research objective was to assess effects of fertiliser application rates and nutrient ratios on production and quality of grassland at an alluvial meadow. The initial sward type was Festucetum ...pratense association. A field trial was established in the western part of Zvolenská kotlina basin (altitude 350 m) and consisted of ten fertiliser treatments: zero-fertilised sward (control); fertiliser P and K application; rates of 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg N per ha at two ratios of N : P : K nutrients, namely the low N : P : K ratio (1 : 0.3 : 0.8) and the high one (1 : 0.15 : 0.4), respectively. The grassland was utilised by three cuts. Dry matter (DM) production and herbage quality were determined at each of the cuts. The yield of DM was higher with the rates of 50 and 100 kg N per ha applied at the high nutrient ratio than at the low ratio. Over the research period, the highest DM production was recorded at the treatment with the low nutrient ratio and the highest N rate applied. The content of crude protein (CP) was increasing with the rising fertiliser N rate and the increase in CP was higher at the low nutrient ratio treatments. The zero-fertilised control also provided sufficient CP content. The low nutrient ratio resulted in higher P and K content than the high one. The lowest content of P and K was recorded at the control. The highest P content was found at the treatment with the fertiliser P and K applied. The highest K content was recorded at the 2nd cut, but decreased at the 3rd cut in all the treatments. The content of Ca was rising towards the 3rd cut. The content of nutrients was higher at the treatments where the high ratio was used. The content of Mg in DM was higher at the treatments with the high nutrient ratio and the high N fertiliser rates. The content of Mg was increasing in the 2nd cut at all the treatments.
Influence of floristic grazing cover on sheep milk quality Meľuchová, B., Comenius University, Bratislava (Slovak Republic). Faculty of Natural Sciences. Institute of Chemistry; Blaško, J; Kubinec, R ...
Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica (Slovak Republic),
(2009), Letnik:
12, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Changes in the fatty acids (FA) composition of pasture plant species during pasture season in two meteorologically different years and their changes in ewes milk were analyzed by gas chromatography. ...The changes in cis-9, trans-11 18:2 (CLA) content are determined primarily by the alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) content in pasture plants. The content of ALA as the most abundant FA in pasture, in dryer year 2007 decreased from mid-May to mid-August from 62.4% to 38.8% (g 100/g plant fat content) (P lt 0.001) and that in mid-September increased to a similar value as that in May. A similar trend was also found in CLA content in milk, when 2.3% content in May decreased to 1.3% (P lt 0.001) content in July and subsequently it increased to 2.3% content in September (g 100/g milk fat content). In the year 2008, which was colder and rainier during pasture season, the highest CLA contents were noted in May (2.3%) and September (2.0%), nevertheless, a minimum in milk CLA content (1.3%) was found in June linked with a higher average temperature and lesser rainfall compared to July 2008. According to the FA composition of ewes milk fat, including CLA content, the September ewes milk was similar in quality to the May milk.
Growth retardation and other endocrine abnormalities were recognized as sequelae of therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), especially when chemotherapy was combined with cranial irradiation. ...The aim of our study was to establish growth and pubertal development in the group of children who had been previously successfully treated for ALL.
58 children (30 F, 28 M, age 8-18 y.) in complete initial remission lasting 4-15 y. (m 8 y.) after standard antileukemic therapy (including cranial irradiation) completed 2-9 y. ago (m 3 including y.) were studied. Standard deviation score (SDS) of standing height (SH) to chronological age (CA) and to genetic target height (GTH), index of body proportionality and timing of puberty were followed up. The final height attained 21 girls and 3 boys. The height of the boys differed neither from the average for our men, nor from their GTH. Girls: SH 148 cm-169 cm, SH of 7 girls > or = -1.5 SDS, 8 girls > or = -1.5 SDS to their GTH. The final height didn't reach yet 23 boys and 9 girls. Their SH to CA as well as SH to GTH didn't substantially differ from average. Index of body proportionality > or = 1.5 SDS in 12/30 girls and 6/28 boys. Menarche was already reached in 25 girls in age ranging from 10-15 y. (mean 11.3 y.), what was less than average for our population (13.3 y.).
Even the height of prepubertal children under study didn't differ from average, the final height of girls (boys could not be evaluated because of small numbers) was significantly lower as could be expected. We suppose the early ending of puberty as a contributing factor of short stature in girls. Clear tendency to obesity especially among older girls was observed. Children who underwent antileukemic therapy deserve careful endocrinological follow-up.
Four experiments were established in various regions in Slovakia on semi-natural grassland at altitudes ranging from 130 to 850 m a.s.l. The experimental data include 5, 10, 28 and 46-year research ...results. Two proportions of NPK fertilisers were monitored (1: 0.3 : 0.8 and 1: 0.15 : 0.4). The results have shown that in average of years, cuts and sites, the increased N rates of 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg.per ha at the both proportions of nutrients encourage a linear increase in dry matter (DM) production. The first proportion increased the DM production by 3, 4, 5 and 6 t per ha and the second proportion by 2, 3, 4 and 5 t per ha of DM. From the quality viewpoint, one of the most important findings is that the N rates of 50 and 100 kg per ha at the both nutrient proportions provide feed with lower content of nitrates than the non-fertilised treatments. The content of nitrates at non-fertilised sward is equivalent with swards fertilised with a rate of N 150 kg per ha at the both nutrient proportions. It was concluded that the regular utilisation of non-fertilised upland meadows over the period of 46 years promotes high production (4.8 t per ha of DM) and high quality to gain feed, and at the same time it ensures anti-erosion, retention and anti-flood protection of river areas.
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