FRAGILITY FRACTURES IN BRAZIL: CROSS-SECTION STUDY Cocco, Luiz Fernando; Mateussi, Mariana Vendramin; Pedro Filho, João Carlos ...
Acta ortopedica brasileira,
01/2022, Letnik:
30, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
To evaluate the involvement of orthopedists and orthopedic residents with fragility fractures, in its clinical, therapeutic, and social aspects.
Cross-sectional observational and prospective study ...that took place in the period from June to August 2020.
540 participants were analyzed. The population consisted of orthopedists (85.56%; N = 462) and residents (14.44%; N = 78), with a greater proportion of individuals from 41 to 50 years of age (36.67%; N = 198) and from the Southeast region (57.22%; N = 309). For 47.04% (N = 254) of the participants, the profile of the patient at risk for fragility fracture corresponds to: woman, sedentary, smoker and over 60 years of age. The consensus among the participants (97.96%; N = 529) is that fragility fractures occur in or near home environments. Moreover, 47.59% (N = 257) believe that the first fragility fracture is the most important predictive risk factor for subsequent occurrences and 63.89% (N = 345) of the participants claim to attend more than 15 cases per year. Regarding treatment, 74.44% (N = 402) are dedicated exclusively to orthopedic aspects (68.33%; N = 369). However, 62.41% (N = 337) of the participants believe that patients with fragility fractures should receive medication and supplements. Likewise, 70.74% (N = 382) of the participants consider that home security measures and training of family members are important, and they attribute the role to the multidisciplinary team.
Fragility fractures are frequent in the routine of Brazilian orthopedists. However, they are not familiar with adjuvant treatments for fragility fractures, acting almost exclusively in the orthopedics aspects of these injuries.
We classify all non-abelian groups
for which there exists a pair (
)
of absolutely simple Yetter–Drinfeld modules over
such that the Nichols
algebra of the direct sum of
and
is finite-dimensional, ...under two
assumptions: the square of the braiding between
and
is not the
identity, and
is generated by the support of
and
. As a
corollary, we prove that the dimensions of such
and
are at most six.
As a tool we use the Weyl groupoid of (
).
Display omitted
•Scopolamine ratio in shoots is 3-fold higher than that in the roots of D. innoxia seedlings.•D. innoxia roots synthesize tropane alkaloids from 2H5-Phenylalanine.•2H5-Scopolamine is ...preferentially transported to shoots.•D. innoxia roots express all biosynthetic genes in the scopolamine pathway.
Pharmacologically important tropane alkaloids such as hyoscyamine, and scopolamine, are synthesized in the roots of several Solanaceae and also accumulate in their shoots. The tropane alkaloids content in roots of D. innoxia seedlings was almost 3-fold higher than in their shoots. Moreover, scopolamine accounted for 77 % of the total tropane alkaloid content in shoots as compared to only 20 % in roots. All candidate genes in the scopolamine biosynthetic pathway were significantly expressed in D. innoxia mature roots with limited expression in mature leaves. Using exogenous isotopically labeled 2H5 L-phenylalanine, we show here that root tissues, but not detached shoots, readily biosynthesize scopolamine. Tropane alkaloids newly synthesized by roots, and preferentially scopolamine, were further transported to shoots. Our evidence indicates that D. innoxia seedlings have the ability to synthesize tropane alkaloids in their roots and differentially transport them to the shoots.
Cardiomyopathy refers to a spectrum of heterogeneous myocardial disorders characterized by morphological and structural alterations leading eventually to heart failure, by affecting cardiac filling ...and/or the cardiac systolic function. Heart transplantation is currently the gold standard surgical treatment for patients with heart failure, with a median survival in adults of 12 years according to international registries. However, the limited available donor pool does not allow its extensive employment. For this reason, mechanical circulatory supports are increasingly used, and in the short term are becoming as possible alternatives to heart transplantation, owing to improved technologies and increased biocompatibility. However, long-term outcomes of mechanical assist devices are still burdened with a high rate of adverse events. Conventional surgical treatments could be still considered as alternatives to heart replacement treatment when tailored both on patient clinical conditions and etiology of cardiac diseases. In particular, among patients affected by ischemic cardiomyopathy, coronary artery bypass grafting has proven to improve survival when associated to optimal medical treatment, and surgical ventricular restoration might be considered as a valid treatment in particular cases. Correction of functional mitral valve regurgitation by mitral annuloplasty, which aims to restore left ventricular geometry, has not demonstrated unambiguous results, and outcomes of this procedure are still controversial. Pericardial pathology becomes of surgical interest when it is responsible for a reduced filling capacity of the heart chambers, which can develop acutely (cardiac tamponade) or chronically (as in the case of constrictive pericarditis). This review focuses on the different surgical approaches that could be adopted to treat patients with heart failure and pericardial diseases.
Molecular regulation of growth must include spatial and temporal coupling of cell production and cell expansion. The underlying mechanisms, especially under environmental challenge, remain obscure. ...Spatial patterns of cell processes make the root apex well suited to deciphering stress signaling pathways, and to investigating both processes. Kinematics and RNA-sequencing were used to analyze the immediate growth response of hydroponically grown Populus nigra cuttings submitted to osmotic stress. About 7400 genes and unannotated transcriptionally active regions were differentially expressed between the division and elongation zones. Following the onset of stress, growth decreased sharply, probably due to mechanical effects, before recovering partially. Stress impaired cell expansion over the apex, progressively shortened the elongation zone, and reduced the cell production rate. Changes in gene expression revealed that growth reduction was mediated by a shift in hormone homeostasis. Osmotic stress rapidly elicited auxin, ethylene, and abscisic acid. When growth restabilized, transcriptome remodeling became complex and zone specific, with the deployment of hormone signaling cascades, transcriptional regulators, and stress-responsive genes. Most transcriptional regulations fit growth reduction, but stress also promoted expression of some growth effectors, including aquaporins and expansins. Together, osmotic stress interfered with growth by activating regulatory proteins rather than by repressing the machinery of expansive growth.
BACKGROUND
Patients presenting with acute episodes of thrombotic microangiopathies (TMAs) require urgent access to plasma exchange (PEX). OctaplasLG, a solvent/detergent fresh‐frozen plasma product ...that has undergone viral inactivation and prion reduction step, has been used in our institution since 2013, replacing Octaplas.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS
We prospectively reviewed 981 PEX procedures where OctaplasLG was the replacement fluid in 90 patients admitted acutely with a TMA presentation within our institution from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2015. We recorded citrate toxicities, plasma reactions, viral transfer, complications related to central venous catheter, and venous thrombotic events (VTEs).
RESULTS
Citrate toxicities were 5.4%, plasma reactions were 2%, and all were classified as Grade 1 or 2. VTE had an incidence of 12.2%, although 50% of the episodes occurred in early remission when patients were not receiving PEX. No line insertions complications were recorded. Line‐associated infections were 2.2%. Hepatitis B and C serology and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were checked on admission. There were four patients who may have had passive transient transfer of hepatitis B antibodies from pooled plasma. No hepatitis C or HIV viral transfer was documented after treatment and no seroconversion was detected after treatment.
CONCLUSION
Our data have demonstrated that the incidence of complications during PEX is low and using OctaplasLG is comparable to the low incidence of reactions. No cases of anaphylaxis, transfusion‐related acute lung injury, or fatal plasma reactions were seen. There was no evidence of viral transmission or seroconversion after treatment.
We classify Nichols algebras of irreducible Yetter–Drinfeld modules over nonabelian groups satisfying an inequality for the dimension of the homogeneous subspace of degree two. All such Nichols ...algebras are finite-dimensional, and all known finite-dimensional Nichols algebras of nonabelian group type appear in the result of our classification. We find a new finite-dimensional Nichols algebra over fields of characteristic two.
Abstract
New mutations provide the raw material for evolution and adaptation. The distribution of fitness effects (DFE) describes the spectrum of effects of new mutations that can occur along a ...genome, and is, therefore, of vital interest in evolutionary biology. Recent work has uncovered striking similarities in the DFE between closely related species, prompting us to ask whether there is variation in the DFE among populations of the same species, or among species with different degrees of divergence, that is whether there is variation in the DFE at different levels of evolution. Using exome capture data from six tree species sampled across Europe we characterized the DFE for multiple species, and for each species, multiple populations, and investigated the factors potentially influencing the DFE, such as demography, population divergence, and genetic background. We find statistical support for the presence of variation in the DFE at the species level, even among relatively closely related species. However, we find very little difference at the population level, suggesting that differences in the DFE are primarily driven by deep features of species biology, and those evolutionarily recent events, such as demographic changes and local adaptation, have little impact.
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o campo de estudos sobre ensino e pesquisa contábil do USP International Conference in Accounting e do Congresso USP de Iniciação Científica em ...Contabilidade. Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliométrica com obtenção dos dados por meio de consulta aos anais dos congressos. Ao total, foram analisados 209 artigos relativos ao Congresso Internacional e 126 artigos referente ao Congresso de Iniciação Científica. Os dados apontam que a participação de artigos aceitos ficou entre 1,85% e 34,15%, com média de 8,11% para o Congresso Internacional e 15,38% para o Congresso de Iniciação Científica. 80,6% dos artigos de ambos os congressos possuem entre 2 e 4 autores, sendo que a maior rede de coautorias está no Congresso de Iniciação Científica. Com relação ao sexo, a autoria está equilibrada quando o olhar se volta para os dois eventos. Entretanto, as mulheres têm maior participação no Congresso de Iniciação Científica e os homens maior participação no Congresso Internacional. Diante desses resultados, conclui-se que a área de ensino e pesquisa constitui um campo periférico nos dois congressos devido a sua baixa quantidade de artigos em relação ao total, além do fato de que essas conferências possuem normas sociais distintas em relação a autoria. Assim, o presente artigo contribui para a literatura ao apresentar e discutir aspectos relacionados a constituição do campo científico de Ensino e Pesquisa em Contabilidade, compondo um perfil analítico da linha de ensino e pesquisa em um dos principais eventos da área.
Summary
Predictors of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) transformation to Richter syndrome (RS) are not established and were investigated in 185 consecutive CLL cases. Actuarial incidence of RS (n ...= 17; all diffuse large B‐cell lymphomas) at 10 years was 16·2% (95% confidence interval: 8·0–24·4%). At CLL diagnosis, prognosticators of RS by univariate analysis were IGHV homology ≥98% (P = 0·006), IGHV4‐39 usage (P < 0·001), del13q14 absence (P = 0·004), expression of CD38 (P < 0·001) and ZAP70 (P = 0·004), size (P < 0·001) and number (P < 0·001) of lymph nodes, advanced Binet stage (P = 0·002), and lactate dehydrogenase (P < 0·001). Multivariate analysis, performed separately for biological and clinical variables, identified CD38 expression Hazard ratio (HR) = 4·26; P = 0·018, IGHV4‐39 usage (HR = 4·29; P = 0·018), and lymph node size ≥3 cm (HR = 9·07; P < 0·001) as independent RS prognosticators. A multivariate model simultaneously analysing biological and clinical variables identified lymph node size ≥3 cm (HR = 6·51; P = 0·001) and del13q14 absence (HR = 4·08; P = 0·031) as independent RS prognosticators. Risk factors of CLL transformation differed from risk factors of CLL progression. These results suggest that CD38 and del13q14 may identify biological subsets of CLL with different RS predisposition. Predominant nodal disease, CD38 expression, IGHV4‐39 usage, and absence of del13q14 may help in predicting RS at CLL diagnosis. Close monitoring and a careful biopsy policy are needed in patients carrying transformation risk factors.
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