Electron screening in palladium Cvetinović, A.; Đeorđić, D.; Guardo, G.L. ...
Physics letters. B,
03/2023, Letnik:
838
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The electron screening effect was studied in the 1H(7Li,α)4He, 1H(19F,αγ)16O and 2H(19F,p)20F nuclear reactions on two different hydrogen-containing palladium foils. In one of the targets we did not ...detect a large enhancement of the cross section due to electron screening, and in the second one we measured a high electron screening potential for all three reactions, up to an order of magnitude above the theoretical models. Contrary to the predictions given by the available theories, the data suggest that the reason behind this difference is linked to a dependence of the electron screening potential on the host's crystal lattice structure and the location of the target nuclei in the metallic lattice.
Proton–deuteron fusion reaction has been studied using a proton beam with an energy of 260 keV and a deuterium-implanted graphite target. The reaction product, 3He, usually de-excites by γ-ray ...emission. However, instead of a γ ray, 3He can emit an electron with a discrete energy of 5.6 MeV, due to electron screening in graphite. Such electrons were identified with the ΔE–E technique. The emission of fast electrons shows that electron screening causes the electrons to approach the nuclei during the reaction very closely. Different behavior of nuclear reactions at low and high energies was also demonstrated.
The dependence of electron screening potential on the position of the target nucleus in host-material lattice was investigated by measuring the rate of the 2H(19F,p)20F reaction in zirconium, ...titanium and palladium targets containing deuterium. Very different values of the screening potential were measured, thus showing the link with the valence electron densities around deuterium nuclei.
The HISPEC/DESPEC collaboration envisages long experimental campaigns exploiting the expected beam performances of Super-FRS. The experiments will be performed at the Low-Energy Branch of the ...upcoming FAIR and will focus on the physics of exotic isotopes, primarily in the heavy neutron-rich region. The goal of the HISPEC/DESPEC experimental campaigns is to explore the excitation and decay properties of rare isotopes produced via fragmentation and fission. First rare-isotope beam simulations of representative future HISPEC/DESPEC experimental cases are presented. The simulations provide an insight into the forthcoming state-of-art experiments in the future FAIR facility.
Direct lifetime measurements via gamma -gamma coincidences using a fast timing detector array consisting of LaBr3(Ce) scintillators has been applied to determine the lifetime of low-lying states in ...the semimagic (N = 50) nucleus Ru-94. The experiment was carried out as the first in a series of "FAIR-0" experiments with the DESPEC experimental setup at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR). Excited states in Ru-94 were populated primarily via the beta-delayed proton emission of Pd-95 nuclei, produced in the projectile fragmentation of an 850 MeV/nucleon Xe-124 beam impinging on a 4 g/cm(2) Be-9 target. While the deduced E2 strength for the 2(+) -> 0(+) transition in the yrast cascade follows the expected behavior for conserved seniority symmetry, the intermediate 4(+) -> 2(+) transition exhibits a drastic enhancement of transition strength in comparison with pure-seniority model predictions as well as standard shell model predictions in the f pg proton hole space with respect to doubly magic Sn-100. The anomalous behavior is ascribed to a subtle interference between the wave function of the lowest seniority v = 2, I-pi = 4(+) state and that of a close-lying v = 4 state that exhibits partial dynamic symmetry. In addition, the observed strongly prohibitive 6(+) -> 4(+) transition can be attributed to the same mechanism but with a destructive interference. It is noted that such effects may provide stringent tests of the nucleon-nucleon interactions employed in state-of-the-art theoretical model calculations.
Abstract
The dependence of electron screening potential on the position of the target nucleus in host-material lattice was investigated by measuring the rate of the
2
H(
19
F,p)
20
F reaction in ...zirconium, titanium and palladium targets containing deuterium. Very different values of the screening potential were measured, thus showing the link with the valence electron densities around deuterium nuclei.
Response of the FAst TIMing Array (FATIMA) for DESPEC at FAIR Phase-0 Chishti, M.M.R.; Jazrawi, S.; Shearman, R. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
11/2023, Letnik:
1056
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The Monte-Carlo simulated response for γ-ray detection of the FAst TIMing Array (FATIMA) for exploitation within the DEcay SPECtroscopy (DESPEC) experimental system at the FAIR Phase-0 facility at ...Darmstadt, Germany is presented. In this configuration, FATIMA consisted of 36 LaBr3(Ce) detectors surrounding the AIDA, position-sensitive charged-particle active stopper. The decay of the Iπ=8+ isomer-fed decay cascade in 96Pd, measured in the first DESPEC experiment at the FAIR-0 facility was used to validate the simulations. The experimental data yielded in-situ full-energy peak efficiency values for FATIMA of 11.2(11)%, 6.8(7)%, 3.8(4)% and 2.1(4)% at 106, 325, 684 and 1415 keV respectively, consistent with the values derived from the simulated response.
Ever-lasting interest in the structure of 100Sn and neighbouring nuclei is still well justified by the fact that it is the heaviest doubly-magic nucleus with N=Z. State-of-the-art experimental ...techniques involving stable and radioactive beam facilities have enabled access to these exotic nuclei. In particular, the analysis of experimental data obtained in two DESPEC experiments at GSI Darmstadt extends the information on the shell structure and its evolution towards N = Z = 50, and allows the study of seniority conservation and proton-neutron interaction in the g9/2 orbit. Several theoretical approaches for shell-model investigations are discussed and their predictive power assessed. The calculated systematics of the reduced transition probabilities for high- to medium-spin states in N∼Z isotopes with active g9/2 orbit is presented for the first time.
A new experimental fission approach is presented in the context of the R
3
B (Reactions with Relativistic Radioactive Beams) collaboration, at the GSI/FAIR facility, in which knockout reactions in ...inverse kinematics are used to induce fission of
238
U that will allow to characterise the excitation energy of the fission process and all the fission products. The CALIFA (CALorimeter for In-Flight detection of γ-rays and high energy charged pArticles) calorimeter, a key part of the R
3
B set-up, is used to reconstruct the momenta of the two protons from the (p, 2p) reactions. Preliminary results show that kinematic variables and first estimates for nucleon-removal cross sections are well reconstructed and in good agreement with other experimental measurements.
Due to the stochastic nature of the pulse creation in a scintillation detector the output pulses are not all of the same shape but rather 'noised' with statistical fluctuations on the pulse tails, ...which may induce false triggers. The current state of the art in solving this kind of problems is either introducing a deadtime after each pulse which makes the detector inefficient at higher count rates or raising the trigger threshold above the fluctuactions level, which on the other side, lowers the dynamic range of the detector from the low energy side. In order to meet the ever growing demand for high precision efficient experiments the solutions to these limitations are highly desirable. We propose a new method, the adaptive triggering for scintillation signals.
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