Abstract Introduction Seizure recurrence in the early morning is well known in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy, the presence of seizures happens usually after waking up and there is a clear relationship ...with sleep as most of the seizures happen in a time frame that involves the next 30 to 120 minutes of wake time after sleep. We wanted to analyze the time frame that is most associated with seizure recurrence as that can have serious implications for safety, not to exclude driving in the morning hours. Methods We investigated on a sample of 20 patients with JME and the pattern on seizure recurrence in the morning. A time frame of wake after sleep was established as follows; the first 30 minutes, 30 to 60 minutes, 60 to 90 minutes and more than 90 minutes. Seizure diaries were given to patients and the seizure recurrence was evaluated. A variable that included earlier waking time in the morning was also taken into account. A follow up of 6 months was given in a retrospective manner. All patients were seen in an outpatient epilepsy clinic. Results All patients were into the JME spectrum, all patients were seen at least 3 times in the follow up time, 70 percent of all cases had at least one event of seizure recurrence, 10 percent had more than 3 events. The majority of the seizures were strongly associated with a wake after sleep time of 60 to 90 minutes. The patients that had an earlier wake time that was out of the usual sleep schedule had increased chances of seizure recurrence. Conclusion Patient with JME have a very close relationship of seizure recurrence with the sleep-wake cycle. The seizure recurrence is strongly associated with a time frame of 90 minutes after waking up. We conclude that the chance of seizure recurrence is less after the 90 minute mark, and that can reasonably be a potential target as far as allowing to drive a motor vehicle passed that time for safety issues. Earlier than usual morning awakenings can precipitate seizures in a greater degree. Support (if any)
NEW FINDINGS
What is the central question of this study?
What is the mechanism by which a bout of exercise increases subsequent insulin‐stimulated vasodilatation?
What is the main finding and its ...importance?
Angiotensin‐(1–7) through the Mas receptor participates in enhanced insulin‐induced vasorelaxation after a bout of exercise in healthy rats. This new potential role of angiotensin‐(1–7) could help in understanding how physical activity improves vascular insulin sensitivity in normal and insulin‐resistant states.
Exercise increases insulin‐stimulated vasodilatation, but the mechanisms involved are unclear. This study was performed to investigate the possible involvement of angiotensin‐(1–7) (Ang‐(1–7)), a vasoactive peptide of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), in enhanced vascular insulin sensitivity after a bout of exercise. Male Wistar rats were subjected to swimming for 2.5 h. After exercise, carbachol‐ or insulin‐induced relaxation in aorta was assessed. Prior exercise improved insulin‐stimulated vasorelaxation; however, this insulin‐sensitizing effect was prevented by the selective Mas receptor (MasR; an Ang‐(1–7) receptor) antagonist A779. Carbachol‐mediated vascular relaxation was not modified by exercise. These results suggest that Ang‐(1–7) acting through MasR participates in the enhancement of vascular insulin sensitivity after an exercise session. This new potential role of Ang‐(1–7) could help in understanding how exercise improves vascular insulin sensitivity in normal and insulin‐resistant states.
An exceptionally high coronary calcium score, greater than 10,000 UA, superior to any other found in the literature reviewed, was reported in an asymptomatic, adult man with hypertension, obesity and ...dyslipidemia, without myocardial ischemia and no significative coronary stenosis, associated to Glagov’s phenomenon in the left coronary artery and an abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Hit, Lead & Candidate Discovery Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B) has attracted interest as a novel target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, this because its role in the insulin-signaling ...pathway as a negative regulator. Thus, the aim of current work was to obtain seven ursolic acid derivatives as potential antidiabetic agents with PTP-1B inhibition as main mechanism of action. Furthermore, derivatives 1-7 were submitted in vitro to enzymatic PTP-1B inhibition being 3, 5, and 7 the most active compounds (IC
= 5.6, 4.7, and 4.6 μM, respectively). In addition, results were corroborated with in silico docking studies with PTP-1B orthosteric site A and extended binding site B, showed that 3 had polar and Van der Waals interactions in both sites with Lys120, Tyr46, Ser216, Ala217, Ile219, Asp181, Phe182, Gln262, Val49, Met258, and Gly259, showing a docking score value of -7.48 Kcal/mol, being more specific for site A. Moreover, compound 7 showed polar interaction with Gln262 and Van der Waals interactions with Ala217, Phe182, Ile219, Arg45, Tyr46, Arg47, Asp48, and Val49 with a predictive docking score of -6.43 kcal/mol, suggesting that the potential binding site could be localized in the site B adjacent to the catalytic site A. Finally, derivatives 2 and 7 (50 mg/kg) were selected to establish their in vivo antidiabetic effect using a noninsulin-dependent diabetes mice model, showing significant blood glucose lowering compared with control group (p < .05).
Skin cancer is one of the common malignancies. There is sufficient evidence that sunlight (ultraviolet radiation) contributes to the development of skin cancer, but there is also evidence that ...relates adequate serum levels of vitamin D produced on the skin by the action of ultraviolet radiation with the decreased risk of various types of cancers, including skin cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of vitamin D serum levels among patients with non-melanoma skin cancers (basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma) and controls.
A prospective observational case-control study was conducted in a sample of 84 subjects in Extremadura (Spain). Forty-one patients with histologically diagnosed basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas and 43 healthy controls were randomly chosen to assess whether vitamin D (25(OH)D
) serum level, age and sex were related to non-melanoma skin cancer and to determine the possible risk of this type of skin cancer for these variables.
When analysing serum vitamin D levels, we ensured that all our subjects, both cases and controls, had normal or low serum vitamin D levels, even though the samples were taken during months with the highest solar irradiance in our region. It is striking in our results that there was a higher percentage of subjects with deficits of vitamin D who did not have skin cancer (66%) than patients with deficits with these types of skin cancers (34%). When adjusting the model for age and sex, vitamin D values above 18 ng/ml increased the risk of suffering from non-melanoma skin cancer by nearly 7-fold (aOR: 6.94, 95% CI 1.55-31.11,
= 0.01).
Despite the controversial data obtained in the literature, our results suggest that lower levels of vitamin D may be related to a reduced incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer.
The representation of geological bodies is a difficult task, which involves a large number of parameters and assumptions that are commonly simplified in object-based modeling. A famous method that ...has been extensively applied for modeling geological bodies is the use of non-uniform rational B-Spline curves (NURBS) to delimit the boundaries of an object. Although NURBS provides highly detailed models, it only considers geological observations and assumptions. Moreover, the use of NURBS neglects information obtained from well-testing. This method also requires the complex and time-consuming process of determining the interior of the object in the parametric space. This is a classic problem in computational geometry, known as point location. To address these problems, this study proposes a well-testing-based object-based model of turbidite lobes using the ensemble smoother with multiple data assimilation. To escape the point location problem, we use single-valued B-Spline curves (SVBS) to build the turbidite system model. These curves are planar type B-Spline curves but they are defined as functions. The use of SVBS avoids the use of all complex algorithms and structures for solving the point location problem in the parametric space, if it is straightforward to decide if a point is in or out of the object. Consequently, it is possible to use the ensemble smoother with multiple data assimilation method to estimate the geometric parameters of the object, where a large number of realizations is required.
Studies in mature adults suggest that the plasma concentration ratio of triglyceride (TG)/HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) provides a simple way to identify apparently healthy individuals who are insulin ...resistant (IR) and at increased cardiometabolic risk. This study extends these observations by examining the clinical utility of the TG/HDL-C ratio and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in 2,244 healthy college students (17–24 years old) of Mexican Mestizo ancestry. The TG/HDL-C ratio separating the 25% with the highest value was used to identify IR and increased cardiometabolic risk. Cardiometabolic risk factors were more adverse in men and women whose TG/HDL-C ratios exceeded 3.5 and 2.5, respectively, and approximately one third were identified as being IR. The MetS identified fewer individuals as being IR, but their risk profile was accentuated. In conclusion, both a higher TG/HDL-C ratio and a diagnosis of the MetS identify young IR individuals with an increased cardiometabolic risk profile. The TG/HDL-C ratio identified a somewhat greater number of “high risk” subjects, whereas the MetS found a group whose risk profile was somewhat magnified. These findings suggest that the TG/HDL-C ratio may serve as a simple and clinically useful approach to identify apparently healthy, young individuals who are IR and at increased cardiometabolic risk.
Introducción. Las amebas no patógenas Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba moshkovskii y Entamoeba bangladeshi son morfológicamente idénticas a Entamoeba histolytica, parásito responsable de la amebiasis, por ...lo cual se necesitan técnicas moleculares para diferenciarlas.Objetivo. Determinar la frecuencia de las diferentes especies de Entamoeba mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (Polymerase Chain Reaction, PCR) en muestras fecales de niños menores de cinco años con diarrea, provenientes de Maracaibo (Venezuela).Materiales y métodos. Se recolectó una muestra fecal por individuo en 75 niños con diarrea (grupo de casos) y en 25 niños sin diarrea (grupo control). Las heces se evaluaron mediante examen microscópico, método de concentración de formól-éter y PCR múltiple anidada en una sola ronda para identificar E. histolytica, E. dispar y E. moshkovskii. Además, se hizo una encuesta en la que se recopilaron los datos demográficos, signos, manifestaciones clínicas y estrato socioeconómico de los niños.Resultados. El 48 % de los participantes (38 del grupo de casos y 10 del grupo de control) tenían enteroparásitos. Solo en las muestras de cuatro de los niños, se encontraron quistes del complejo Entamoeba (tres en el grupo de casos y uno en el de control). Mediante PCR se amplificaron nueve muestras (9 %) para la detección de las amebas estudiadas. En el grupo de casos se registraron tres (28,13 %) de E. histolytica, cuatro (30,50 %) de E. dispar y una (9,37 %) de E. moshkovskii, en tanto que solo una (25 %) muestra amplificó para E. dispar en el grupo de control.Conclusión. En general, predominó E. dispar; sin embargo, todos los infectados con E. histolytica se detectaron en el grupo de niños con diarrea y se detectó el primer caso de E. moshkovskii en la región.
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