Vu Gia-Thu Bon (VGTB) river basin is an area where flash flood and heavy flood events occur frequently, negatively impacting the local community and socio-economic development of Quang Nam Province. ...In recent years, structural and non-structural solutions have been implemented to mitigate damages due to floods. However, under the impact of climate change, natural disasters continue to happen unpredictably day by day. It is, therefore, necessary to develop a spatial decision support system for real-time flood warnings in the VGTB river basin, which will support in ensuring the area's socio-economic development. The main purpose of this study is to develop an online flood warning system in real-time based on Internet-of-Things (IoT) technologies, GIS, telecommunications, and modeling (Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System (HEC-RAS)) in order to support the local community in the vulnerable downstream areas in the event of heavy rainfall upstream. The structure of the designed system consists of these following components: (1) real-time hydro-meteorological monitoring network, (2) IoT communication infrastructure (Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), wireless networks), (3) database management system (bio-physical, socio-economic, hydro-meteorological, and inundation), (4) simulating and predicting model (SWAT, HEC-RAS), (5) automated simulating and predicting module, (6) flood warning module via short message service (SMS), (7) WebGIS, application for providing and managing hydro-meteorological and inundation data, and (8) users (citizens and government officers). The entire operating processes of the flood warning system (i.e., hydro-meteorological data collecting, transferring, updating, processing, running SWAT and HEC-RAS, visualizing) are automated. A complete flood warning system for the VGTB river basin has been developed as an outcome of this study, which enables the prediction of flood events 5 h in advance and with high accuracy of 80%.
A tri-species integration of shrimp and finfishes, using a closed integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) sequential biofloc system, aiming at optimizing the performance of intensive shrimp ...farming was evaluated by an indoor lab-scale experiment lasting for 50 days. The impact of this integration on production and environmental efficiency was investigated. Furthermore, the optimum initial red tilapia biomass, as a third extractive species, was explored. The IMTA recirculating sequential system consisted of a cultivating tank (800 L) for whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) co-culture, connected to an adjacent red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) cultivating tank (90 L). Shrimp (0.50 ± 0.17 g), as the main crop, with mullet (1.00 ± 0.53 g) were stocked at the density of 200 shrimps.m−3 and 10% of the initial shrimp biomass, respectively. Meanwhile, two different densities of red tilapia were investigated in conjunction with the treatments, each in triplicate, of (i) control: shrimp-mullet without tilapia; (ii) BSM–10T: shrimp-mullet with 10 tilapias; and (iii) BSM–20T: shrimp-mullet with 20 tilapias. No external feed was provided for the finfishes throughout the experiment, enforcing tilapia to grow on bioflocs only. The results demonstrated that the addition of red tilapia at a proper proportion to the tri-species closed integration system resulted in positive effects on the cultured organism's performance. The physicochemical water parameters such as TAN, NO2−–N, NO3−–N, and PO43−–P were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the BSM–10T and BSM–20T than in the control treatment. The statistical optimum (p < 0.05) of shrimp growth rate (0.19 ± 0.01 g. day−1), overall biomass (1521.30 ± 88.47 g.tank−1), and FCR (0.95 ± 0.05) was achieved in the BSM–10T treatment. Superior microbial loading (p < 0.05) and shrimp digestive enzyme activities were detected in the BSM–10T treatment. The overall nitrogen and phosphorus recovery was statistically higher (p < 0.05) in the tri-species integrated culture groups (N: 38.53 ± 1.20–46.19 ± 1.75%; P: 33.09 ± 2.20–33.63 ± 3.69%) than in the bi-species polycultured group (N: 31.91 ± 3.13%; P: 19.30 ± 2.15%). The present study demonstrated that the tri-species integration of shrimp and mullet with red tilapia, introduced at an optimal initial density of 0.17 kg.m−3, employing a closed IMTA sequential biofloc system can be practically and feasibly applied to ameliorate water quality in addition to increasing overall animal production, and improving nutrient utilization efficiency for the intensive shrimp aquaculture.
•Red tilapia is a productive biofloc consumer for tri-species integration of shrimp and finfishes in closed biofloc system.•Optimal tilapia stocking biomass for sequential biofloc integration with shrimp and grey mullet co-culture is 0.17 kg.m-3.•Integration of shrimp and grey mullet with red tilapia can improve efficiency of biofloc-based whiteleg shrimp production.
Deposit insurance and credit union lending Nguyen, Linh H.; Wilson, John O.S.; Le, Tuan Q. ...
Journal of financial stability,
June 2022, 2022-06-00, Letnik:
60
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We exploit an exogenous change in the coverage of insured deposits following the passage of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act (2008) to investigate the impact of deposit insurance on the ...volume, composition and quality of credit union lending. Using a difference-in-difference approach, we find changes in the volume, composition and riskiness of credit union lending. Specifically, we find that affected credit unions increase total and unsecured lending, leading to a decline in loan quality. Overall, our results suggest that an increase in the maximum coverage of insured deposits induces credit unions to lend more at the expense of loan quality.
•We investigate whether deposit insurance affects credit union lending.•We use a change in deposit insurance coverage to overcome identification concerns.•This change was sudden and did not affect all credit unions equally.•Credit unions increase total and unsecured lending .•I Overall loan quality declinesFollowing the change in the maximum level of deposit insurance coverage.
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