Recently ensemble models were adopted to predict the credit risk commonly. Although they have a better performance generally, ensemble models are easy to be badly affected by imbalance classes which ...are a common issue in credit risk prediction. And the prediction model should be constructed according to the feature of complex distributions of financial data. However, these problems have not attracted enough attention. This paper constructs an ensemble model for imbalanced credit risk prediction and improves algorithms for the feature of financial data. The ensemble model mainly combines Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique Evaluation (SMOTE) and Multi-Kernel Fuzzy C-Means (MK-FCM) optimized by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). In the preprocessing phase, the multi-method of descending dimension is used to reduce the dimension. The improved SMOTE can make new synthetic samples more decentralized, which can not only balance the number of samples of different classes, but avoid the overfitting to some extent. In the base classifier construction phase, Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) is improved by multi-kernel function to build a new base classifier MK-FCM, which can synthetize the merits of multiple kernel functions to enhance the evaluated performance. The improved PSO, which has dynamically adjustable function, is used to optimize parameters for MK-FCM. In the empirical research, the sample data are from financial indicators of Chinese listed hospitality and tourism corporations, and the proposed model makes the comparative analysis with other relative models. The results from Matlab software show that the presented ensemble model has the best performance on imbalanced credit risk prediction.
•The multi-method of descending dimension is used to reduce the dimension for sample data.•The improved Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique Evaluation (SMOTE) model is used to resolve the problem of imbalance classes.•Multi-Kernel functions is used to improve Fuzzy C-Means (MK-FCM).•PSO is further improved and used to optimize the parameters for MK-FCM.•The presented model is more suitable for the imbalanced credit risk prediction.
In order to measure the impact of the degree of coupling and coordination between logistics and financial industries on the carbon emissions of the logistics industry, a comprehensive evaluation ...index system for the logistics-financial industry from 2007 to 2017 was constructed, which was calculated using the multi-objective linear weighting method; and a combination of logistics and financial industry was constructed. The panel smooth conversion model of coordination degree and carbon emission of logistics industry. The empirical results show that the coupling coordination degree of logistics and financial industry in China's 30 provinces is mostly in primary and medium coordination, and only a few provinces are on the verge of imbalance; the coupling coordination degree in the eastern region is overall moderate coordination, and the overall coordination degree in the central and western regions It is the primary coordination; with the growth of GDP per capita, the degree of coupling and coordination between the logistics and financial industries has promoted the increase of carbon emissions in various regions, but the promotion effect is an inverted U-shaped trend that first increases and then decreases.
Azvudine (FNC) is a nucleoside analog that inhibits HIV-1 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Recently, we discovered FNC an agent against SARS-CoV-2, and have taken it into Phase III trial for ...COVID-19 patients. FNC monophosphate analog inhibited SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-OC43 coronavirus with an EC
between 1.2 and 4.3 μM, depending on viruses or cells, and selective index (SI) in 15-83 range. Oral administration of FNC in rats revealed a substantial thymus-homing feature, with FNC triphosphate (the active form) concentrated in the thymus and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Treating SARS-CoV-2 infected rhesus macaques with FNC (0.07 mg/kg, qd, orally) reduced viral load, recuperated the thymus, improved lymphocyte profiles, alleviated inflammation and organ damage, and lessened ground-glass opacities in chest X-ray. Single-cell sequencing suggested the promotion of thymus function by FNC. A randomized, single-arm clinical trial of FNC on compassionate use (n = 31) showed that oral FNC (5 mg, qd) cured all COVID-19 patients, with 100% viral ribonucleic acid negative conversion in 3.29 ± 2.22 days (range: 1-9 days) and 100% hospital discharge rate in 9.00 ± 4.93 days (range: 2-25 days). The side-effect of FNC is minor and transient dizziness and nausea in 16.12% (5/31) patients. Thus, FNC might cure COVID-19 through its anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity concentrated in the thymus, followed by promoted immunity.
Most photocrosslinkable hydrogels have inadequacy in either mechanical performance or biodegradability. This issue is addressed by adopting a novel hydrogel design by introducing two different ...chitosan chains (catechol‐modified methacryloyl chitosan, CMC; methacryloyl chitosan, MC) via the simultaneous crosslinking of carbon–carbon double bonds and catechol‐Fe3+ chelation. This leads to an interpenetrating network of two chitosan chains with high crosslinking‐network density, which enhances mechanical performance including high compressive modulus and high ductility. The chitosan polymers not only endow the hydrogels with good biodegradability and biocompatibility, they also offer intrinsic antibacterial capability. The quinone groups formed by Fe3+ oxidation and protonated amino groups of chitosan polymer further enhance antibacterial property of the hydrogels. Serving as one of the two types of crosslinking mechanisms, the catechol‐Fe3+ chelation can covalently link with amino, thiol, and imidazole groups, which substantially enhance the hydrogel's adhesion to biological tissues. The hydrogel's adhesion to porcine skin shows a lap shear strength of 18.1 kPa, which is 6‐time that of the clinically established Fibrin Glue's adhesion. The hydrogel also has a good hemostatic performance due to the superior tissue adhesion as demonstrated with a hemorrhaging liver model. Furthermore, the hydrogel can remarkably promote healing of bacteria‐infected wound.
A novel photocrosslinkable, injectable, and tough chitosan hydrogel demonstrating a remarkable improvement in tissue adhesion and antibacterial activity is fabricated via double crosslinking (blue light crosslinking and catechol‐Fe3+ chelation) and double network design, suggesting that it can be promising as wound dressing for cutaneous tissue repair, remodeling, and regeneration.
Mitochondrial dysfunction is an early feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Accumulated damaged mitochondria, which are associated with impaired mitophagy, contribute to neurodegeneration in AD. We ...show levels of Disrupted‐in‐schizophrenia‐1 (DISC1), which is genetically associated with psychiatric disorders and AD, decrease in the brains of AD patients and transgenic model mice and in Aβ‐treated cultured cells. Disrupted‐in‐schizophrenia‐1 contains a canonical LC3‐interacting region (LIR) motif (210FSFI213), through which DISC1 directly binds to LC3‐I/II. Overexpression of DISC1 enhances mitophagy through its binding to LC3, whereas knocking‐down of DISC1 blocks Aβ‐induced mitophagy. We further observe overexpression of DISC1, but not its mutant (muFSFI) which abolishes the interaction of DISC1 with LC3, rescues Aβ‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction, loss of spines, suppressed long‐term potentiation (LTP). Overexpression of DISC1 via adeno‐associated virus (serotype 8, AAV8) in the hippocampus of 8‐month‐old APP/PS1 transgenic mice for 4 months rescues cognitive deficits, synaptic loss, and Aβ plaque accumulation, in a way dependent on the interaction of DISC1 with LC3. These results indicate that DISC1 is a novel mitophagy receptor, which protects synaptic plasticity from Aβ accumulation‐induced toxicity through promoting mitophagy.
Noble metal nanoparticles due to their unique optical properties arising from their interactions with an incident light have been intensively employed in a broad range of applications. This review ...comprehensively describes fundamentals behind plasmonics, used to develop applications in the fields of biomedical, energy, and information technologies. Basic concepts (electromagnetic interaction and permittivity of metals) are discussed through Mie theory presented as the main model for interpreting phenomena of optical absorption and scattering. The effects of near‐field enhancement, shape, composition, and surrounding medium of nanoparticles on optical properties are described in detail. The review explores and identifies the potential of plasmonic nanoparticles based on their optical properties (e.g., light absorption, scattering, and field enhancement) for developing different applications (biomedical, energy and information technologies). Due to a significant impact of plasmonic nanoparticles on medicine and healthcare products and technologies, the review initially focuses on biomedical applications extensively benefited from optical features of these nanoparticles. Advantages of the optical properties outstandingly implemented are also briefly discussed in other applications, including energy and information technologies. This review concisely summarizes the explored areas based on plasmonic properties, compares advantages of plasmonic nanoparticles over other types of nanomaterials and highlights challenges.
Plasmonic‐metal nanoparticles, on account of their extraordinary optical properties, are widely applied in various fields based on the absorption, scattering, and near field enhancement effects. The fundamental mechanisms and application‐oriented plasmonic properties of plasmonic‐metal nanoparticles are comprehensively discussed and examined to illustrate their potential for developing cutting‐edge biomedical, energy, and information technologies.
In this mini-review, the genetic basis of music aptitude and the effects of music training are discussed. The review indicates that regardless of levels of innate ability, experience-induced ...neuroplasticity can occur as a result of music training. When that happens, it can be expressed as functional or structural brain changes. These changes are often accompanied by improvement in performance in tasks involving auditory analysis. Specifically, music training effects can transfer to a closely related cognitive domain such as auditory processing (near transfer). Music training can also affect more distantly related cognitive domains such as spatial and linguistic domains. Lastly, music training can affect general intelligence (“g”) (far transfer). Music training can mold behavioral brain development and confers cognitive benefits beyond music.
The first electrochemical hydrolysis of hydrosilanes to silanols under mild and neutral reaction conditions is reported. The practical protocol employs commercially available and cheap NHPI as a ...hydrogen‐atom transfer (HAT) mediator and operates at room temperature with high selectivity, leading to various valuable silanols in moderate to good yields. Notably, this electrochemical method exhibits a broad substrate scope and high functional‐group compatibility, and it is applicable to late‐stage functionalization of complex molecules. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction appears to proceed through a nucleophilic substitution reaction of an electrogenerated silyl cation with H2O.
A practical electrochemical method for selective hydrolysis of hydrosilanes to furnish diverse silanols has been achieved. These reactions occur with high chemoselectivity and functional‐group tolerance under mild and neutral reaction conditions. The addition of NHPI as a HAT mediator is crucial for promoting the generation of silyl cation species.
The development of bifunctional electrocatalysts with high performance for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with earth-abundant elements is still a challenge ...in electrochemical water splitting technology. Herein, we fabricated a free-standing electrocatalyst in the form of vertically oriented Fe-doped Ni3S2 nanosheet array grown on three-dimensional (3D) Ni foam (Fe-Ni3S2/NF), which presented a high activity and durability for both HER and OER in alkaline media. On the basis of systematic experiments and calculation, the Fe-doping was evidenced to increase the electrochemical surface area, improve the water adsorption ability, and optimize the hydrogen adsorption energy of Ni3S2, which resulted in the enhancement of HER activity on Fe-Ni3S2/NF. Moreover, metal sites of Fe-Ni3S2/NF were proved to play a significant role in the HER process. During the catalysis of OER, the formation of Ni–Fe (oxy)hydroxide was observed on the near-surface section of Fe-Ni3S2/NF, and the introduction of the Fe element dramatically enhanced the OER activity of Ni3S2. The overall water splitting electrolyzer assembled by Fe-Ni3S2/NF exhibited a low cell voltage (1.54 V @ 10 mA cm–2) and a high durability in 1 M KOH. This work demonstrated a promising bifunctional electrocatalyst for water electrolysis in alkaline media with potential application in the future.
While the term interactive marketing often has diverse definitions and usages among marketing professionals and practitioners, it is defined here as the bi-directional value creation and ...mutual-influence marketing process through active customer connection, engagement, participation and interaction. ...a definition characterizes interactive marketing in terms of the following aspects, namely, first, it is a two-way communication with mutual influences in social and business ecosystems; second, it focuses on customer responsiveness and often proactive behaviors in value creation and exchange; and third, its interactivity involves customer participation and engagement in controlling and modifying the environment in real-time (Steuer, 1992). The growth of digital platforms has displaced traditional intermedia not only by creating a new type of superpower of omnichannel marketplace spanning online and offline retailers but also changed business models from a linear supply chain pipeline to a complex network of producers and users in an interconnected ecosystem (Parker, VA Alstyne and Choudary, 2016). ...participants can swap their roles from hosts to customers on Airbnb, from drivers to riders on Uber and Didi, from media content creators to audience on Youtube and Wikipedia.
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