This paper postulates a novel omnidirectional low-profile ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna, which is structured by discrete embedded dielectric resonator antenna with features of both low-profile ...dielectric resonator (DR) and thin planar monopole antenna, where the laminated equilateral triangular DR and the rectangular metal patch monopole are stacked up. This new design can lower the profile of the antenna. Furthermore, the symmetric DR and the monopole structure are able to make the surface currents in some operating modes opposite in phase, together with the characteristics of the coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed structure and the DR, the cross-polarization is reduced effectively. The mode analysis has been done to show how the antenna achieves the UWB. The CPW which can integrate with integrated circuits easily is used to provide the excitation source. The antenna provides consistent omnidirectivity, consistent gain, low cross-polarization, and high-radiation efficiency within the entire operation band. A prototype (dimensions are 17.6 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\times33.6 </tex-math></inline-formula> mm and 1.524 mm thickness) is fabricated and measured. The measurements are well correlated with the simulations.
This letter investigates the attenuations of human bodies at 26 and 39.5 GHz by measurements and theoretical modeling work. The measurements were carried out in a large restaurant at the Keysight ...office, Beijing, China, by using a time-domain channel sounder with horn-to-horn antennas. The attenuations by one to three human bodies were measured with human frontal and lateral crossing the horn-to-horn connection line as well as a human blocker moving along with the connection line. Meanwhile, Vogler's multiple knife-edge model was applied to predict the attenuations in theory. The results in this letter are important for prediction of human body attenuation in future fifth-generation (5G) radio systems at 24.25-27.5 and 37-40.5 GHz, which are the typical frequency candidates for 5G radio access recommended by the International Telecommunications Union.
In this paper, the plane-pair partial element equivalent circuit method coupled with the field equivalence principle is developed and applied to calculate the radiated fields of multilayer power ...planes. The proposed method can be used to solve near-field and far-field radiation problems for multilayer parallel-plane structures with decoupling capacitors. The proposed method is validated by full-wave simulation and experiment. In addition, the proposed method achieves ten times higher computational efficiency than the full-wave simulation.
A one-eighth spherical surface dielectric resonator antenna (OESS-DRA) is proposed first time. To analyze this thin shell structure, electromagnetic fields distribution is discussed by using the ...Hertz vector and boundary conditions. We simplify the solution of Maxwell equations by using Hertz vector because the polarization current is primary in the OESS-DRA. The Hertz vector can be expressed the current better. This proposed antenna is composed of one-eighth spherical dielectric shell fed by coaxial probe; and the ground with metal-corner-reflector makes the antenna with high gain and directional radiation properties. To verify this design, a fabricated sample is tested; results show the antenna covering bandwidth 4.56-6.88GHz, a high gain greater than 9.5dBi (peak gain 11.8dBi at 5.0GHz), and a high radiation efficiency over 85% in the entire working frequency band, as well. The OESS-DRA can be a good candidate in 5 th generation communication applications.
We previously developed a logistic regression algorithm that uses AFP, age, gender, ALK and ALT levels to improve the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In 3,158 patients from 5 independent ...sites, this algorithm, referred to as the "Doylestown" algorithm, increased the AUROC of AFP 4% to 12% and had equal benefit regardless of tumor size or the etiology of liver disease.
Analysis of the Doylestown algorithm using samples from individuals taken before their diagnosis of HCC.
Here, the algorithm was tested using samples at multiple time points from (a) patients with established chronic liver disease, without HCC (120 patients) and (b) 116 patients with HCC diagnosis (85 patients with early stage HCC and 31 patients with recurrent HCC), taken at the time of, and up to 12 months prior to cancer diagnosis.
Among patients who developed HCC, comparing the Doylestown algorithm at a fixed cut-off to AFP at 20 ng/mL, the Doylestown algorithm increased the True Positive Rate (TPR) in identification of HCC from 36 to 50%, at a time point of 12 months prior to the conventional HCC detection. Similar results were obtained in those patients with recurrent HCC, where the Doylestown algorithm increased TPR in detection of HCC from 18% to 59%, at 12 months prior to detection of recurrence.
This algorithm significantly improves the prediction of HCC by AFP alone and may have value in the early detection of HCC.
Two strategies for the design of new pillar5arene-based mechanically self-interlocked molecules (MSMs) are reported here. The first strategy is based on the construction of an intermediate ...pseudo1rotaxane followed by the desired bis-1rotaxane. The other one is based on the construction of the desired bis-1rotaxane directly via a condensation reaction through host-guest interactions between a mono-functionalized pillar5arene and the axle. This compound has interesting self-assembly properties in methanol and some extended applications of this compound will be reported in the near future.
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Two strategies for the design of new pillar5arene-based mechanically self-interlocked molecules (MSMs) are reported here. The first strategy is based on the construction of an intermediate pseudo1rotaxane followed by the desired bis-1rotaxane. The other one is based on the construction of the desired bis-1rotaxane directly via a condensation reaction through host-guest interactions between a mono-functionalized pillar5arene and the axle. The newly synthesized bis-1rotaxane BR was characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 2D NMRs (1H-13C HSQC, 1H-1H COSY and NOESY) and LC-ESI-MS, which indicated compound BR displayed an self-interlocked structure in CDCl3. Surprisingly, the results of SEM, TEM and DLS showed that the compound BR could assemble into spherical nanoparticles in MeOH.
There are significant variations in pathogenicity among different virulent strains of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Virulent NDV typically induces severe pathological changes and high mortality ...rates in infected birds, while avirulent NDV usually results in asymptomatic infection. Currently, the understanding of the specific mechanisms underlying the differences in host pathological responses and symptoms caused by various virulent NDV strains remains limited. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) can participate in a range of biological processes and plays a crucial role in viral infection and replication. Therefore, this study employed RNA-Seq to investigate the transcriptional profiles of chicken embryos' visceral tissues (CEVTs) infected with either the virulent NA-1 strain or avirulent LaSota strain at 24 hpi and 36 hpi. Using bioinformatic methods, we obtained a total of 2532 lncRNAs, of which there were 52 and 85 differentially expressed lncRNAs at 24 hpi and 36 hpi, respectively. LncRNA analysis revealed that the severe pathological changes and symptoms induced by virulent NDV infection may be partially attributed to related target genes, regulated by differentially expressed lncRNAs such as MSTRG.1545.5, MSTRG.14601.6, MSTRG.7150.1, and MSTRG.4481.1. Taken together, these findings suggest that virulent NDV infection exploits the host's metabolic resources and exerts an influence on the host's metabolic processes, accompanied by excessive activation of the immune response. This impacts the growth and development of each system of CEVTs, breaches the blood-brain barrier, inflicts severe damage on the nervous system, and induces significant lesions. These observations may be attributed to variations in pathology. Consequently, novel insights were obtained into the intricate regulatory mechanisms governing NDV and host interactions. This will aid in unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying both virulent and avirulent forms of NDV infection.
•US&HVEF technology revealed an inactivation effect on S. putrefaciens.•US&HVEF technology minimized the thawing damage to frozen fish.•US&HVEF thawing achieved better quality maintenance of frozen ...aquatic products.
Frozen products are more susceptible to microbial spoilage during thawing. Therefore, the development of a thawing technology with effective bacteriostasis is still urgent in food science. In this study, red sea bream was used as the research object, S. putrefaciens was incubated on the surface of fish fillets, and ultrasound plus high voltage electric field (US&HVEF) was performed to investigate the antibacterial activity. On this basis, the effect of US&HVEF thawing on the quality characteristics of fillets was further studied. The results indicated that US&HVEF showed a better antibacterial performance toward S. putrefaciens, with the lethality of 96.73%. Furthermore, US&HVEF could minimize thawing loss, preserve fillets texture, stabilize the secondary and tertiary conformation of myofibrillar protein (MFP), and inhibit the MFP aggregation and oxidation. Accordingly, this study shows that food safety also involves spoilage bacteria prevention except for quality and proves that US&HVEF technology has great potential in food thawing.
Abstract The regulatory significance of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 32 (USP32) in tumor is significant, nevertheless, the biological roles and regulatory mechanisms of USP32 in non-small cell lung ...cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. According to our research, USP32 was strongly expressed in NSCLC cell lines and tissues and was linked to a bad prognosis for NSCLC patients. Interference with USP32 resulted in a significant inhibition of NSCLC cell proliferation, migration potential, and EMT development; on the other hand, USP32 overexpression had the opposite effect. To further elucidate the mechanism of action of USP32 in NSCLC, we screened H1299 cells for interacting proteins and found that USP32 interacts with BAG3 (Bcl2-associated athanogene 3) and deubiquitinates and stabilizes BAG3 in a deubiquitinating activity-dependent manner. Functionally, restoration of BAG3 expression abrogated the antitumor effects of USP32 silencing. Furthermore, USP32 increased the phosphorylation level of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway in NSCLC cells by stabilizing BAG3. In summary, these findings imply that USP32 is critical to the development of NSCLC and could offer a theoretical framework for the clinical diagnosis and management of NSCLC patients in the future.
Hox genes, a highly conserved homolog in most animals, play vital functions in cell development and organ formation. In recent years, researchers have discovered that it can act as a tumor regulator, ...and its members can participate in tumorigenesis by regulating receptor signaling, cell differentiation, apoptosis, migration, EMT, and angiogenesis. Hox genes and which major members play a vital role in the progress of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is still unclear. After analyzing the expression differences and prognostic value of all Hox genes through the TCGA-HNSC database, we use histochemistry stains in 52 pairs of HNSCC slices to verify the expression level of the key member-HOXA1. In correlation analysis, we found that high HOXA1 expression is related to poor pathological grade (
= 0.0077), advanced T stage (
= 0.021) and perineural invasion (PNI) (
= 0.0019). Furthermore, we used Cox univariate and multivariate regression analysis to confirm the independent predictive power of HOXA1 expression. To explore the underlying mechanisms behind HOXA1, we ran GSVA and GSEA and found fourteen mutual signaling pathways, including neuroprotein secretion and transport, tumor-associated signaling pathways, cell adhere junction and metabolic reprogramming. Finally, we found that the high expression of HOXA1 is significantly related to the decrease of CD8+ T cell infiltration and the decline of DNA methylation level. Our findings demonstrated that HOXA1, as a notable member of the HOX family, maybe an independent prognostic indicator in HNSCC.
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