Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), also known as Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DiHS), is a severe adverse drug reaction. Propylthiouracil, a member of ...thiouracils group, is widely used in medical treatment of hyperthyroidism. Propylthiouracil is associated with multiple adverse effects such as rash, agranulocytosis hepatitis and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis, but rarely triggers DRESS/DiHS syndrome. Here, we describe a severe case of propylthiouracil-induced DRESS/DiHS syndrome.
A 38-year-old female was treated with methimazole for hyperthyroidism at first. 4 weeks later, the patient developed elevated liver transaminase so methimazole was stopped. After liver function improved in 2 weeks, medication was switched to propylthiouracil therapy. The patient subsequently developed nausea and rash followed by a high fever, acute toxic hepatitis and multiple organ dysfunction (liver, lung and heart), which lasted for 1 month after propylthiouracil was started. According to the diagnostic criteria, the patient was diagnosed of DRESS/DiHS syndrome which was induced by propylthiouracil. As a result, propylthiouracil was immediately withdrawn. And patient was then treated with adalimumab, systematic corticosteroids and plasmapheresis in sequence. Symptoms were finally resolved 4 weeks later.
Propylthiouracil is a rare cause of the DRESS/DiHS syndrome, which typically consists of severe dermatitis and various degrees of internal organ involvement. We want to emphasize through this severe case that DRESS/DiHS syndrome should be promptly recognized to hasten recovery.
To improve the harvesting of visible light and reduce the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes,Ti3+self-doped Ti O2 nanoparticles were synthesized and assembled into photoanodes with ...high visible light photoelectrochemical properties.X-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectra,electron resonance spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectra were used to characterize the structure,crystallinity,morphology and other properties of the obtained nanoparticles.UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectra showed that the Ti3+self-doped Ti O2 nanoparticles had a strong absorption between 400 and 800 nm.Moreover,when hydrothermal treatment time was prolonged to 22 h,the heterogeneous junction was formed between the anatase and rutile Ti O2,where the anatase particles exposed highly active {001} facets.Under visible light irradiation,the Ti3+self-doped Ti O2 electrode exhibited an excellent photoelectrocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B（Rh B） and water splitting performance.Intriguingly,by selecting an appropriate hydrothermal time,the high photoconversion efficiency of 1.16% was achieved.
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) caused by
resulted in great economic losses in global shrimp aquaculture. There is an urgent need for development of novel strategies to combat ...AHPND-causing
(
), given that one of the greatest challenges currently is the widespread use of antibiotics and subsequent emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Here, we proposed a broad-spectrum antivirulence approach targeting a conserved histidine kinase, QseC, which has been demonstrated to activate virulence expression in several Gram-negative pathogens. Our results showed that QseC mediated the catecholamine stimulated effects on growth and flagellar motility of
. Transcriptome analysis revealed that QseC was involved in the global regulation of the virulence of
as the Δ
mutant exhibited a decreased expression of genes related to type IV pilin, flagellar motility, and biofilm formation, while an overexpression of type VI secretion system and cell wall biosynthesis. Subsequently, the bacterial catecholamine receptor antagonist LED209 not only neutralized the stimulatory effects of host catecholamines on the growth and motility of
, but also attenuated the virulence of
towards brine shrimp larvae and white shrimp
. Additionally, LED209 presented no interference with pathogen growth, nor the toxicity to the experimental animals. These results suggest that QseC can be an attractive antivirulence therapy target, and LED209 is a promising candidate for development of broad-spectrum antivirulence agents. This is the first study that demonstrated the role of QseC in the global regulation of
infection and demonstrated the antivirulence potential of LED209, which provides insight into the use of an antivirulence approach for targeting not only
, but also a much larger collection of pathogenic bacteria.
Nerve injury induces profound and complex changes at molecular and cellular levels, leading to axonal self-destruction as well as immune and inflammatory responses that may further promote ...neurodegeneration. To better understand how neural injury changes the proteome within the injured nerve, we set up a mouse model of sciatic nerve injury (SNI) and conducted an unbiased, quantitative proteomic study followed by biochemical assays to confirm some of the changed proteins. Among them, the protein levels of ADP-dependent glucokinase (ADPGK) were significantly increased in the injured sciatic nerve. Further examination indicated that ADPGK was specifically expressed and upregulated in macrophages but not neurons or Schwann cells upon injury. Furthermore, culturing immortalized bone marrow-derived macrophages (iBMDMs)
in vitro
with the conditioned media from transected axons of mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons induced ADPGK upregulation in iBMDMs, suggesting that injured axons could promote ADPGK expression in macrophages non-cell autonomously. Finally, we showed that overexpression of ADPGK
per se
did not activate macrophages but promoted the phagocytotic activity of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-treated macrophages. Together, this proteomic analysis reveals interesting changes of many proteins within the injured nerve and our data identify ADPGK as an important
in vivo
booster of injury-induced macrophage phagocytosis.
Intensive aquaculture farming has caused significant degradation of coastal wetlands and has been proposed as a reservoir for pathogenic Vibrio spp.
Gut pathogens including Vibrio spp., Salmonella ...spp., and Klebsiella spp. were isolated from bird feces, shrimp and wetland water in two typical coastal regions of China in 2015 and 2017 and were subsequently subjected to whole-genome sequencing. Meanwhile, local patient isolates were also selected to confirm the epidemiological links. Bacterial community composition analyses of the sediments that were sampled in 2015 and 2017 were conducted by the hypervariable region 4 of the 16S rRNA gene. Together with the local clinical isolates, we observed highly related Vibrio isolates from waterbirds, wetlands and shrimp. Phylogenetic genome comparisons also demonstrated that sequence types ST3 and ST2414 Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates obtained from aquatic animals were clonally related to patient isolates. Likewise, three Salmonella typhimurium isolates were also genomically related to one clinical strain. The results showed that farming activities significantly altered the community composition and resulted in the emergence of several pathogens, including Acinetobacter, Mycobacterium and Legionella.
In conclusion, our results demonstrated that intensive shrimp farming in wetlands has two devastating impacts: pathogen dissemination from aquatic animals into migratory birds and transmission of foodborne pathogens into local communities.
Large-scale TiO2 nanorod arrays were synthesized on anodization-treated Ti substrates by a facile hydrothermal method, and followed by depositing CdS nanoparticles on TiO2 nanorods using successive ...ion layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. The morphology and composition of the CdS/TiO2 nanorod heterojunction were characterized systematically by SEM, TEM and UV–vis spectra. A formation mechanism was proposed based on the formation CdS/TiO2 nanorod heterojunction by hydrothermal and SILAR progress. The CdS/TiO2 nanorod heterojunction exhibited enhanced visible light absorption and photocurrent density.
To investigate the relationships between perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) exposure and glucose metabolism indices.
Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ...(NHANES) 2017-2018 waves were used. A total of 611 participants with information on serum PFASs (perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA); perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA); perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUA); perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS); perfluorooctane sulfonates acid (PFOS); perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDeA)), glucose metabolism indices (fasting plasma glucose (FPG), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin) as well as selected covariates were included. We used cluster analysis to categorize the participants into three exposure subgroups and compared glucose metabolism index levels between the subgroups. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), multiple linear regression analysis and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to assess the effects of single and mixed PFASs exposures and glucose metabolism.
The cluster analysis results revealed overlapping exposure types among people with higher PFASs exposure. As the level of PFAS exposure increased, FPG level showed an upward linear trend (
< 0.001), whereas insulin levels demonstrated a downward linear trend (
= 0.012). LASSO and multiple linear regression analysis showed that PFNA and FPG had a positive relationship (>50 years-old group:
= 0.059,
< 0.001). PFOA, PFUA, and PFHxS (≤50 years-old group: insulin
= -0.194,
< 0.001, HOMA-IR
= -0.132,
= 0.020) showed negative correlation with HOMA-IR/insulin. PFNA (>50 years-old group: insulin
= 0.191,
= 0.018, HOMA-IR
= 0.220,
= 0.013) showed positive correlation with HOMA-IR/insulin, which was essentially the same as results that obtained for the univariate exposure-response map in the BKMR model. Association of exposure to PFASs on glucose metabolism indices showed positive interactions between PFOS and PFHxS and negative interactions between PFOA and PFNA/PFOS/PFHxS.
Our study provides evidence that positive and negative correlations between PFASs and FPG and HOMA-IR/insulin levels are observed, respectively. Combined effects and interactions between PFASs. Given the higher risk of glucose metabolism associated with elevated levels of PFAS, future studies are needed to explore the potential underlying mechanisms.
•The microbial contamination of the imported seafood received limited attention before the outbreak of COVID-19.•Enteric pathogens, including V. parahaemolyticus and norovirus were introduced into ...various markets via imported seafood.•Apart from SARS-CoV-2, surveillance of other enteric pathogens should be conducted.
To monitor the presence of enteric pathogens in imported seafood, a total of 140 seafood samples imported from eight overseas countries were collected from Beijing, Dalian, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Wuhan seafood markets from June to November 2019. Additionally, 116 viral, environmental swab samples were also collected from the Wuhan and Guangzhou seafood markets. Five typical enteric bacterial pathogens (Aeromonas spp., Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Vibrio spp., and Listeria monocytogenes) and four viruses (Rotavirus, Norovirus, Astrovirus, and Sapovirus) were detected positive. Results showed that eight Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates appeared in seafood imported to Dalian, Wuhan, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Beijing. In contrast, Vibrio fluvialis and Aeromonas were isolated in another two samples. Norovirus was detected in one oyster sample imported from France and environmental surface in Guangzhou. The remaining pathogens were negative in all the samples being tested. With 120 V. parahaemolyticus isolates from the above countries, the genomic analysis revealed that sequence type ST1152 isolates imported from Canada were clustered with two V. parahaemolyticus isolates from Canada. This study presented the first microbiological analysis of the Wuhan seafood market before the outbreak of COVID-19, which demonstrated that supervision should be strengthened to prevent enteric pathogens via imported seafood.
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