Fluorescent quantum dots (semiconductor nanocrystals) have the potential to revolutionize biological imaging, but their use has been limited by difficulties in obtaining quantum dots that are water ...soluble and biocompatible. The objectives of our research were to develop a methodology for encapsulation of cadnium-selenium (CdSe) quantum dots (QDs) in phospholipid nanoemulsion that mimics the natural lipoprotein core and to study their interactions with cultured non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLC). We found that CdSe QDs can be efficiently encapsulated in the phospholipid nanoemulsion. The QD nanoemulsion has a particle size approximately 80 nm and appears physically stable. The QD nanoemulsion interacts well with cells. The intensity of cellular fluorescence imaging increases with the cell incubation time, indicating more QDs were taken up by the cells, respectively. Two types of fluorescence microscopies confirm that QDs are primarily localized in the cytoplasm but not in the nucleus of the cells.
One dimensional Gd
2O
3:Eu nanowires with diameters of ∼100
nm were fabricated by anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template method. Excitation and emission spectra, fluorescence dynamics of Gd
2O
3:Eu/AAO ...were studied. The results showed that the charge transfer band of Eu
3+ in Gd
2O
3:Eu/AAO blue shifted with increasing annealing temperature and time. The decay time constant of
5D
0–
7F
2 transition became longer with the increasing annealing temperature in Gd
2O
3:Eu/AAO. The
5D
0–
7F
1 transition of Eu
3+ ions in cubic phase had longer lifetime than that in amorphous phase. In contrast to the lifetime of
5D
0–
7F
J in the bulk powder, that in Gd
2O
3:Eu/AAO composite films increased.
In this paper, NaYF
4 nanocrystals and NH
4Y
3F
10 sub-microcrystals were prepared using a polyol method. After being annealed, NH
4Y
3F
10 can convert into YF
3, which is a very efficient host ...matrix for upconversion. The structures of obtained NaYF
4, NH
4Y
3F
10 and YF
3 samples are pure cubic phase, a mixture of cubic and hexagonal phase and pure orthorhombic phase, respectively. The size of obtained NaYF
4 nanocrystals is about 20
nm, and those of NH
4Y
3F
10 and YF
3 sub-microcrystals are both about 200
nm. When co-doped with Er
3+ and Yb
3+, NaYF
4 and YF
3 samples can emit bright light under 978
nm excitation. Upconversion mechanisms in Yb
3+/Er
3+ co-doped NaYF
4 and YF
3 samples were discussed.
The contact property between Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 (GST) with vertical carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is studied in this work. By careful catalyst design and process optimization, we have demonstrated the ...formation of ohmic contact between the CNT and the GST material. The developed process is CMOS compatible and can be used for form phase change memory over the vias in the interconnect layers.
An automatic calibration system for binocular stereo imaging Rou Su; JingLiang Zhong; QiaoLiang Li ...
2016 IEEE Advanced Information Management, Communicates, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IMCEC),
2016-Oct.
Conference Proceeding
In this paper, an automatic calibration system for binocular stereo imaging based on Zhang's 2D flat calibration method is proposed. Firstly, the interface of system is designed. After images being ...collected, the result of Harris corners detection extracted from the 2D flat are displayed on the interface, meanwhile, the system begins to compute intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of the stereo camera and then optimizes them by maximum likelihood estimate. Finally, mean reprojection error and the visualization of camera intrinsic parameters shown on the interface is convenient for users to analyze factors of effecting stereo camera calibration.The results appear that the proposed system not only operates easily but also obtains high precision of calibration, which improves the traditional method of camera calibration.
Entering commands on touchscreens can be noisy, but existing interfaces commonly adopt deterministic principles for deciding targets and often result in errors. Building on prior research of using ...Bayes' theorem to handle uncertainty in input, this paper formalized Bayes' theorem as a generic guiding principle for deciding targets in command input (referred to as "BayesianCommand"), developed three models for estimating prior and likelihood probabilities, and carried out experiments to demonstrate the effectiveness of this formalization. More specifically, we applied BayesianCommand to improve the input accuracy of (1) point-and-click and (2) word-gesture command input. Our evaluation showed that applying BayesianCommand reduced errors compared to using deterministic principles (by over 26.9% for point-and-click and by 39.9% for word-gesture command input) or applying the principle partially (by over 28.0% and 24.5%).
Non-binary low-density parity-check (NB-LDPC) codes perform much better than their binary counterparts, when codeword length is moderate or high-order modulation is used. However, the implementation ...of a NB-LDPC decoder usually suffers from excessive hardware complexity and large memory requirement. Many new algorithms and decoding schedules have been introduced in recent literatures to reduce the decoding complexity in further. However, the complexity of current decoding algorithms for NB-LDPC codes is still high. In this paper, a two-extra-column trellis min-sum algorithm (TEC-TMSA) is proposed. The TEC-TMSA combines the two-extra-column method and the trellis min-sum algorithm in an intelligent way. Since only the minimum value of a row needs to be sorted out for configuration constructions, the computational complexity of the proposed TEC-TMSA is much lower than that of the TMSA. Furthermore, we develop a novel location-fixed selection scheme, which significantly decreases the number of required comparison operations in the TEC-TMSA with negligible performance loss.
Uniform Gd2O3 : Eu3+ nanowires were fabricated by using anodic aluminum oxide template (AAO). The spectral measurements indicate that with the increasing annealing temperature the excitation band of ...Eu3+ in Gd2O3 : Eu3+ nanowires/AAO shifted blue, the intensity ratio of 5D0-7F2 to 5D0-7F1, decreased, and the lifetime became longer. In the sample annealed at 1000 degrees C two spectral components, the sharper and broader lines were identified, corresponding to two different local environments, the Eu3+ ions in cubic phase and in amorphous phase, respectively. The 5D0-7F1 transitions of Eu3+ ions in cubic phase had longer lifetime than that in amorphous phase. In contrast to the lifetime of the 5D0-7F(j) transitions in the bulk, that in Gd2O3 : Eu3+/AAO composite films increased due to influence of the surrounding media (AAO).
The effects of nanomolar concentration of dihydroouabain (DHO) on L-type calcium current (I
Ca-L), TTX-sensitive calcium current (I
Ca(TTX)), and intracellular calcium concentration (Ca
2+
i) were ...investigated in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. The whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to record I
Ca-L and I
Ca(TTX); Ca
2+
i was detected and recorded with the confocal microscopy. The nanomolar concentration of DHO increased the I
Ca-L, I
Ca(TTX), and Ca
2+
i, which could be partially inhibited by nisoldipine or TTX, but still appeared in the absence of extracellular K
+ and Na
+. These data suggest that DHO could increase Ca
2+
i in non-beating myocytes via stimulating the I
Ca-L and I
Ca(TTX), or perhaps triggering directly a release of intracellular calcium.
Retinal vessel delineation is a hot research topic owing to its importance in a lot of clinic application. Several methods have been proposed in the past decades. Here we will present a new ...supervised method for retinal vessel segmentation. The method is designed to explore the complex relationship between retinal images and their corresponding vessel label maps. Specifically, in order to build a model describing the direct transformation from retinal image to vessel map, we introduce a deep convolutional neural network (abbreviation as CNN), which has strong enough induction ability. For the purpose of constructing the whole vessel probability map, we also design a synthesis method. Our method shows better performance on DRIVE dataset than state-of-the-art of reported approaches in the light of sensitivity (abbreviation as Se), specificity (abbreviation as Sp) and accuracy (abbreviation as Acc). Our proposed method has great potential to be applied in existing computer-assisted diagnostic system of ophthalmologic diseases. Meanwhile, the method may offer a novel, general computing framework for segmentation in other fields.
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