Flexible power sources featuring high-performance, prominent flexibility and raised safety have received mounting attention in the area of wearable electronic devices. However, many great challenges ...remain to be overcome, notably the design and fabrication of flexible electrodes with excellent electrochemical performance and matching them with safe and reliable electrolytes. Herein, a facile approach for preparing flexible electrodes, which employs carbon cloth derived from commercial cotton cloth as the substrate of cathode and a flexible anode, is proposed and investigated. The promising cathode (NVPOF@FCC) with high conductivity and outstanding flexibility is prepared by efficiently coating Na
3
V
2
(PO
4
)
2
O
2
F (NVPOF) on flexible carbon cloth (FCC), which exhibits remarkable electrochemical performance and the significantly improved reaction kinetics. More importantly, a novel flexible quasi-solid-state sodium-ion full battery (QSFB) is feasibly assembled by sandwiching a P(VDF-HFP)-NaClO
4
gel-polymer electrolyte film between the advanced NVPOF@FCC cathode and FCC anode. And the QSFBs are further evaluated in flexible pouch cells, which not only demonstrates excellent energy-storage performance in aspect of great cycling stability and high-rate capability, but also impressive flexibility and safety. This work offers a feasible and effective strategy for the design of flexible electrodes, paving the way for the progression of practical and sustainable flexible batteries.
Advanced polyanionic electrode materials for potassium-ion batteries are meticulously introduced. The basic insights into the material design, electrochemical feature, and energy storage mechanism of ...polyanionic compound and supply their future optimization with reasonable perspectives and strategies.
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Although potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are considered a very promising energy storage system, their development for actual application still has a long way to go. Advanced electrode materials, as a fundamental component of KIBs, are essential for optimizing electrochemical performance and promoting effective energy storage. Due to their unique structural benefits in terms of cycle capability, strong ionic conductivity, and tunable operating voltage, polyanionic compounds are one type of viable electrode material for manufacturing high-performance KIBs. The huge size of K+ ion, on the other hand, places great demands on polyanionic materials, which must be able to withstand severe structural deformation during K+ intercalation/delamination. To maintain steady electrochemical performance, it is critical to follow the appropriate design guidelines for electrode materials. This paper provides a summary of current advancements in polyanionic compound for KIBs, with a focus on electrode material structural design. The effects of various parameters on electrochemical performance are examined and summarized. In addition, various viable solutions are proposed to address the impending issues posed by polyanionic compounds for KIBs, with the hope of providing a clearer picture of the field's future development path.
Employing the new nitronyl nitroxide biradical ligand biNIT-3Py-5-Ph (2-(5-phenyl-3-pyridyl)-bis(4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide)), a 16-spin Cu-radical complex, Cu
(biNIT-3Py-5-Ph)
...(hfac)
, and three 2p-3d-4f chain complexes, {Ln(hfac)
Cu(hfac)
(biNIT-3Py-5-Ph)
}
(Ln
= Gd
, Tb
, Dy
; hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate), have been prepared and characterized. X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed in all derivatives a common cyclic Cu-biNIT
secondary building unit in which two bi-NIT-3Py-5-Ph biradical ligands and two Cu
ions are associated via the pyridine N atoms and NO units. For complex
, two such units assemble with four additional Cu
ions to form a discrete complex involving 16
= 1/2 spin centers. For complexes
-
, the Cu-biNIT
units are linked by Ln
ions via NO groups in a 1D coordination polymer. Magnetic studies show that the coordination of the aminoxyl groups with Cu or Ln ions results in behaviors combining ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions. No slow magnetic relaxation behavior was observed for Tb and Dy derivatives.
A small amount of graphene oxide (GO) was introduced into poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/carbon nanotube (CNT) composites through solution compounding. The thermal conductivity, crystallization ...behavior of PVDF matrix, and the dispersion states of CNTs and/or CNT/GO in the PVDF composites were comparatively investigated. The results demonstrated that with the presence of only 1wt% GO, the PVDF/CNT/GO composites exhibited largely enhanced thermal conductivity compared with the PVDF/CNT composites at the same CNT content. Although the crystallinity of matrix in the PVDF/CNT/GO composites is apparently decreased in comparison with that in the PVDF/CNT composites, a large number of polar γ-form crystallites were induced. The presence of GO facilitated the dispersion of CNTs and the formation of denser CNT/GO network structure in the PVDF matrix. The theoretical simulation further demonstrated the experimental observations. The mechanisms for the largely enhanced thermal conductivity of the PVDF/CNT/GO composites were then analyzed.
The high charge–discharge voltage gap is one of the main bottlenecks of zinc–air batteries (ZABs) because of the kinetically sluggish oxygen reduction/evolution reactions (ORR/OER) on the oxygen ...electrode side. Thus, an efficient bifunctional catalyst for ORR and OER is highly desired. Herein, honeycomb‐like MnCo2O4.5 spheres were used as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst. It was demonstrated that both ORR and OER catalytic activity are promoted by MnIV‐induced oxygen vacancy defects and multiple active sites. Importantly, the multivalent ions present in the material and its defect structure endow stable pseudocapacitance within the inactive region of ORR and OER; as a result, a low charge–discharge voltage gap (0.43 V at 10 mA cm−2) was achieved when it was employed in a flexible hybrid Zn‐based battery. This mechanism provides unprecedented and valuable insights for the development of next‐generation metal–air batteries.
Pretender to fill the gap: A bottleneck for metal–air batteries is their charge–discharge voltage gap (resulting in low cell efficiency), which is caused by the sluggish oxygen evolution/reduction reactions (OER/ORR) at the air electrodes. Honeycomb‐like MnCo2O4.5 spheres on nickel foam provides pseudocapacitance that can fill this potential gap of OER and ORR. A zinc–air battery utilizing this material showed promising performance.
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a progressive fibroinflammatory syndrome of the pancreatic tissue caused by genetic and environmental factors. Previously reported susceptibility genes in CP explain less ...than half of the apparent heritability. To uncover novel pathogenic mechanisms, we initially performed low‐coverage whole‐genome sequencing on 464 Chinese CP patients and 504 controls. The transient receptor potential cation channel, Subfamily V, Member 6 (TRPV6) gene was found to be significantly associated with CP after a burden test of aggregated rare nonsynonymous variants with a combined annotation dependent depletion score > 20 (p = .020). In the replication stage, we analyzed the entire coding sequence and exon/intron boundaries of the TPRV6 gene by Sanger sequencing in another 205 patients with CP and 105 controls. Integration of the findings from the two stages resulted in the identification of 25 TRPV6 variants: 1 rare nonsense variant, 20 rare missense variants, and 4 common missense variants. Loss‐of‐function variants, as determined by intracellular Ca2+ concentration in transfected HEK293T cells, were significantly overrepresented in patients as compared to controls (9/669 1.35% vs. 1/609 0.16%; odds ratio = 8.29; p = .022). This study provides evidence suggesting that TRPV6 is a novel susceptibility gene for CP.
•Show flaws of existing multiplicative transitivity models of interval-valued fuzzy preference relations (IVFPRs).•Develop an and-like-uninorm-based functional transitivity equation for IVFPRs.•Find ...a closed-form solution for the optimal interval-valued fuzzy weights of IVFPRs.•Formulate geometric consistency indices of IVFPRs and propose a new acceptability checking model.•Devise an and-like-uninorm-based method to aggregate local interval-valued fuzzy weights.
The framework of interval-valued fuzzy preference relations (IVFPRs) is adequate and effective to model human preference evaluations under indeterminacy. This paper analyzes three recently presented multiplicative transitivity models of IVFPRs and exposes their drawbacks. An and-like-uninorm-based functional transitivity equation is developed to introduce a multiplicative consistency notion for IVFPRs. Based on the transitivity logarithmic equation, a geometric-consistency index is further proposed to compute the inconsistency level of an IVFPR. The paper builds a logarithmic least squares model with row indeterminacy constraints and equivalently transforms it into a quadratic programming model for finding a closed-form solution of the normalized interval-valued fuzzy weights of IVFPRs. A novel method is subsequently presented to check the acceptability of an IVFPR by examining its acceptable consistency and acceptable indeterminacy. An approach including an and-like-uninorm-based maximization model is introduced to aggregate local interval-valued fuzzy weights and an interval fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is designed step-by-step. An illustrative example and a comparison study are utilized to demonstrate the performance and merits of the presented models. Meanwhile, an outstanding undergraduate student selection problem in international exchange is provided to show the application of the proposed decision method.
An unprecedented γ-carboxylation of α-CF3 alkenes with CO2 is reported. This approach constitutes a rare example of using electrochemical methods to achieve regioselectivity complementary to ...conventional metal catalysis. Accordingly, using platinum plate as both a working cathode and a nonsacrificial anode in a user-friendly undivided cell under constant current conditions, the γ-carboxylation provides efficient access to vinylacetic acids bearing a gem-difluoroalkene moiety from a broad range of substrates. The synthetic utility is further demonstrated by gram-scale synthesis and elaboration to several value-added products. Cyclic voltammetry and density functional theory calculations were performed to provide mechanistic insights into the reaction.
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