In this study, multidimensional feature extraction is performed on the U-language recordings of the test takers, and these features are evaluated separately, with five categories of features: ...pronunciation, fluency, vocabulary, grammar, and semantics. A deep neural network model is constructed to model the feature values to obtain the final score. Based on the previous research, this study uses a deep neural network training model instead of linear regression to improve the correlation between model score and expert score. The method of using word frequency for semantic scoring is replaced by the LDA topic model for semantic analysis, which eliminates the need for experts to manually label keywords before scoring and truly automates the critique. Also, this paper introduces text cleaning after speech recognition and deep learning-based speech noise reduction technology in the scoring model, which improves the accuracy of speech recognition and the overall accuracy of the scoring model. Also, innovative applications and improvements are made to key technologies, and the latest technical solutions are integrated and improved. A new open oral grading model is proposed and implemented, and innovations are made in the method of speech feature extraction to improve the dimensionality of open oral grading.
Aims
To integrate the overall effect of e‐health based self‐management on cancer‐related fatigue (CRF), self‐efficacy, and quality of life (QOL) among adult cancer patients.
Design
A systematic ...review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Data sources
We researched PubMed, Cumulative Index Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science and Embase up to 14 July 2019.
Review Methods
We conducted the review with the Cochrane Handbook (version 5.1.0) and measured the quality of evidence with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation criteria.
Results
Literature searching identified 15 trials with a total of 2,337 participants. Integrated results analysis of e‐health based self‐management demonstrated a statistically significant but small effect on CRF and self‐efficacy, but no statistically significant improvement on the QOL. Meanwhile, subgroup analysis indicated that e‐health based self‐management had a larger effect on fatigue compared with usual care/waiting list control.
Conclusion
E‐health based self‐management is effective for CRF and self‐efficacy, but not the QOL. More high‐quality randomized control trials are warranted to confirm these conclusions.
Impact
Results showed e‐health could improve fatigue and self‐efficacy but not the QOL. Health providers could take into the various factors of e‐health interventions when providing telehealth service. Other researchers might be inspired by the current review before they begin a study about e‐health.
目的
在于整合基于电子健康的自我管理对成年癌症患者癌性疲劳(简称为“CRF”)、自我效能和生活质量(简称为“QOL”)的总体影响。
设计
随机对照试验的系统综述和荟萃分析。
资料来源
截至2019年7月14日,我们研究了PubMed、Cumulative Index Nursing and Allied Health Literature、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials、Web of Science和Embase。
综述方法
我们使用 Cochrane Handbook(版本5.1.0)进行综述,并使用建议评估、开发和评估分级法(简称为“GRADE”)标准来衡量证据的质量。
结果
文献检索确定了15项试验,共有2337名研究对象。基于电子健康的自我管理综合结果分析显示,对癌性疲劳和自我效能的影响具有统计显著性和较小性,但对生活质量没有统计显著性改善。同时,亚组分析表明,与常规护理/等候名单管理相比,基于电子健康的自我管理对疲劳的影响更大。
结论
基于电子健康的自我管理对癌性疲劳和自我效能有效,但对生活质量无效。需要更多高质量的随机对照试验来证实这些结论。
影响
结果显示电子健康可以改善疲劳和自我效能,但不能改善生活质量。保健服务提供者在提供远程保健服务时,可以考虑电子保健干预措施的各种因素。其他研究人员在开始研究电子健康之前,可能会从当前综述得到启发。
var. Li. is an edible fungi and polysaccharides in
var. Li. may have bioactive activities. Polysaccharides from
var. Li. (ACP) was extracted using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method and ...compared with hot water extraction (HWE) for extraction yield, extraction rate, purity of polysaccharides, microstructure of residues after extraction, preliminary structure and rheological properties of polysaccharides. Optimum conditions for UAE (particle size of 150⁻200 mesh, water to raw material ratio of 70:1, extraction temperature at 70 °C for 40 min, ultrasonic amplitude of 40%) and HWE (particle size of 150⁻200 mesh, water to raw material ratio of 60:1, extraction temperature at 90 °C for 3.0 h) were obtained via single-factor experiment. Under optimum conditions, extraction yield of polysaccharides by UAE was 30.99 ± 1.93% which showed no significant difference with that by HWE (30.35 ± 1.67%) (
> 0.05). Extraction rate (29.29 ± 1.41%) and purity (88.62 ± 2.80%) of polysaccharides by UAE were higher than those by HWE (extraction rate of 24.95 ± 2.78% and purity of 75.33 ± 6.15%) (
< 0.05). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of residues by UAE showed more broken cells than those by HWE. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra showed that the dialyzed ACP extracted by HWE and UAE (DACP-HWE and DACP-UAE) had similar characteristic absorption peaks of polysaccharides. Both DACP-HWE and DACP-UAE solutions showed typical shear thinning and temperature-independent behaviors (25⁻90 °C) and UAE resulted in polysaccharides with remarkably lower viscosity in comparison with HWE. DACP-UAE solutions exhibited more liquid-like state while DACP-HWE solutions solid-like system. Data indicated that ultrasound treatment may be a useful means for extraction of polysaccharides from
var. Li.
The influence of the safety and security of environments on early childhood development (ECD) has been under-explored. Although housing might be linked to ECD by affecting a child's health and a ...parent's ability to provide adequate care, only a few studies have examined this factor. We hypothesized that housing environment is associated with ECD in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).
From 92,433 children aged 36 to 59 months who participated in Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) in 20 SSA countries, 88,271 were tested for cognitive and social-emotional development using the Early Childhood Development Index (ECDI) questionnaire and were thus included in this cross-sectional analysis. Children's mean age was 47.2 months, and 49.8% were girls. Children were considered developmentally on track in a certain domain if they failed no more than 1 ECDI item in that domain. In each country, we used conditional logistic regression models to estimate the association between improved housing (housing with finished building materials, improved drinking water, improved sanitation facilities, and sufficient living area) and children's cognitive and social-emotional development, accounting for contextual effects and socioeconomic factors. Estimates from each country were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. Subgroup analyses were conducted by the child's gender, maternal education, and household wealth quintiles. On-track cognitive development was associated with improved housing (odds ratio OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.24, p < 0.001), improved drinking water (OR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.14, p = 0.046), improved sanitation facilities (OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.28, p = 0.014), and sufficient living area (OR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.10, p = 0.018). On-track social-emotional development was associated with improved housing only in girls (OR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.25, p = 0.006). The main limitations of this study included the cross-sectional nature of the datasets and the use of the ECDI, which lacks sensitivity to measure ECD outcomes.
In this study, we observed that improved housing was associated with on-track cognitive development and with on-track social-emotional development in girls. These findings suggest that housing improvement in SSA may be associated not only with benefits for children's physical health but also with broader aspects of healthy child development.
To systematically explore the influence of aromatic polycarboxylate coligands on building high-dimensional Cd(II)-bmb (1,4-bis(2-methylbenzimidazol-1-ylmethyl) benzene) coordination polymers, we ...synthesized six coordination polymers, namely {Cd(bmb)(o-phda)·H2O} n (1), Cd(bmb)0.5(m-phda) n (2), Cd(bmb)(p-phda) n (3), Cd(bmb)0.5(oba) n (4), Cd(bmb)(bpdc) n (5), Cd2(bmb)(bta)(mta)0.5 n (6), (H2phda = phenylenediacetic acid, H2oba =4,4′-oxybis(benzoic acid), H2bpdc = biphenyl-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid, H3bta =1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acid, and H2mta = 2-(methoxycabonyl)terephthalic acid) by varying aromatic polycarboxylate coligands. Structural analyses reveal that polymers 1–6 display diverse 3D frameworks and topologies, in which all of the N-donor ligands bmb exhibit trans-conformation but with different Ndonor···N–Csp3···Csp3 torsion angles. Polymer 1 shows a 3-fold interpenetrating dia array with a 4-connected 66 topology. Polymer 2 features a (3,4)-connected pillar-layered structure with (63)(65·8)-ins topology. Polymer 3 is a 4-connected framework with 66-dia topology and two types of meso-helical chains. Polymer 4 possesses a 2-fold interpenetrating 6-connected framework with (412·63)-pcu topology. The structure of polymer 5 is a 4-connected 5-fold interpenetrating architecture with 66-dia topology. Interestingly, in 6, part of bta3- anions are converted into a new ligand mta2- via in situ esterification reaction under solvothermal conditions. As a result, polymer 6 exhibits a scarce mixed-ligands framework with two O-donor and one N-donor ligands based on tetranuclear Cd(II) clusters. It is an 8-connected (36·418·53·6)-hex topology. A systematically structural comparison of these polymers indicates that the coordination modes of aromatic polycarboxylates along with the structural characteristics of the semirigid N-donor ligand bmb simultaneously play an important role in constructing the high-dimensional frameworks. Moreover, polymers 1–6 indicate high thermal stabilities and different photoluminescence behaviors in the solid state.
•One neutral and two acidic polysaccharides were isolated from Auricularia cornea var. Li..•ACPN-1a was a β-(1→3)-d-glucan with β-(1→6)-d-glucosyl residues as side chains.•ACPA-1a was a ...glucuronoxyloglucomannan.•ACPA-2a was a glucuronoxylomannan.
Three main fractions, one neutral polysaccharide (ACPN-1a) and two acidic polysaccharides (ACPA-1a and ACPA-2a), were isolated from crude polysaccharides of Auricularia cornea var. Li. (ACP). The physicochemical properties and structural characteristics of these fractions were investigated using High Performance Gel Permeation Chromatography (HPGPC), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra. The results showed that ACPN-1a with a higher molecular weight (∼2.18 × 106 Da) was a β-(1→3)-glucan with (1→6)-linked β-Glcp residues for side chains. ACPA-1a was a heteropolysaccharide and had the backbone of (1→3)-linked β-Glcp and (1→6)-linked α-Manp and side chains with β-Xylp or β-GlcpA residues. ACPA-2a had the average molecular weight of 8.5 × 105 Da and was composed of a (1→6)-linked α-Manp backbone and side chains with β-Xylp or β-GlcpA residues. The data provided useful information for further investigation on the structure-activity relationship of Auricularia cornea var. Li. polysaccharides.
Recent economic development in China has been accompanied by well-documented health inequalities between regions. The impact of individual factors on child height has been widely studied, but the ...influence of community-level factors has not yet been fully studied.
The cross-sectional data of 1606 Chinese children aged 5-18 years from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2011 were used. Multilevel analysis was used to examine the association of community factors (using urbanization index) with child height. Child height was measured following standardized procedures, and height-for-age Z scores were calculated as outcome variables. Datasets were presented at two levels: community variable (Level-2) was an urbanization index which is a composite score summarizing 12 community-level contextual factors. Individual variables (Level-1) were child gender, ethnicity, percentage of energy intake from protein, maternal height, maternal education level, and family income.
Urbanization index was associated with child height. Among the 12 community-level factors, 'education' were positively associated with child height. Additionally, stratified analyses by age showed that 'population density' and 'housing' were positively significantly associated with the height of elder children (13-18 years). At the individual level, male sex, higher maternal height, higher maternal education levels, higher family income, and higher percentage of energy intake from protein, were significantly positively associated with child height.
Our findings point to the role of contextual factors that generate differences between regions in shaping the distribution of child physical health outcomes. Our study suggests that public health programs and policies for child's physical development may need to combine individual-centered strategies and also approaches aimed at changing residential environments.
To observe the effects of the intervention with fire needling therapy on the uterine microenvironment at the specific time points of menstrual cycle and evaluate the effects on the assisted ...reproduction.
Sixty-eight patients of in vitro fertilization and embryo transplantation (IVF-ET) were randomized into an observation group (35 cases) and a control group (33 cases). The patients in the two groups all received post-IVF-ET corpus luteum support of the microstimulation scheme in the Clinical Reproduction Center of Jiangsu People's Hospital. In the control group, the regular sequential therapy of acupuncture was used. In the observation group, on the basis of the treatment as the control group, the intervention of fire needling therapy was applied after ovulation (the 1st time point, on the 1st day after ovulation) and at the end of premenstrual stage (the 2nd time point, 3 days before the menstruation). At the 1st time point, Shenshu (BL 23), Mingmen (GV 4) and Yaoyangguan (GV 3) were selected and at the 2nd
Commercial fishing of estuarine tapertail anchovy (
), an important anadromous fish species in the Yangtze River of China, has been prohibited due to the serious damage overfishing has caused to the ...wild population. Research regarding the energy metabolism is important for migratory fish to ensure the continuation of their existence. In this study, we performed, for the first time, a comparative transcriptome analysis of the liver of
subjected to long-term starvation stress. The results indicated that the damaging effects involved downregulation of the antioxidant capacity and immune response. The positive response to starvation involved upregulation of the anti-allergy and anticancer capacity, which supports the function of starvation in cancer inhibition, as has also been determined for human beings. This study revealed regulatory pathways, differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and mechanisms leading to damage of the liver in
affected by starvation. This research contributes information for the further study of the energy metabolism mechanism of
and provides a theoretical reference for starvation metabolism research of other fish species and even human beings.
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), specifically those resistant to only ertapenem among carbapenems (ETP-mono-resistant), are increasingly reported, while the optimal therapy options remain ...uncertain. To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of ETP-mono-resistant CRE, CRE strains were systematically collected from 102 hospitals across China between 2018 and 2021. A 1:1 randomized matching study was conducted with ETP-mono-resistant strains to meropenem- and/or imipenem-resistant (MEM/IPM-resistant) strains. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, whole-genome sequencing, carbapenem-hydrolysing activity and the expression of carbapenemase genes were determined. In total, 18.8% of CRE strains were ETP-mono-resistant, with relatively low ertapenem MIC values. ETP-mono-resistant strains exhibited enhanced susceptibility to β-lactams, β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations, levofloxacin, fosfomycin, amikacin and polymyxin than MEM/IPM-resistant strains (
< 0.05). Phylogenetic analysis revealed high genetic diversity among ETP-mono-resistant strains. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and/or AmpC, as well as porin mutations, were identified as potential major mechanisms mediating ETP-mono-resistance, while the presence of carbapenemases was found to be the key factor distinguishing the carbapenem-resistant phenotypes between the two groups (
< 0.001). Compared with the MEM/IPM-resistant group, limited carbapenemase-producing CRE (CP-CRE) strains in the ETP-mono-resistant group showed a significantly lower prevalence of ESBLs and porin mutations, along with reduced expression of carbapenemase. Remarkably, spot assays combined with modified carbapenem inactivation method indicated that ETP-mono-resistant CP-CRE isolates grew at meropenem concentrations eightfold above their corresponding MIC values, accompanied by rapidly enhanced carbapenem-hydrolysing ability. These findings illustrate that ETP-mono-resistant CRE strains are relatively prevalent and that caution should be exercised when using meropenem alone for treatment. The detection of carbapenemase should be prioritized.
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