Display omitted
Global climate change has increased the probability and intensity of extreme weather events. The adverse health effect of extreme temperature has gone through a temporal variation ...over years. Time-series data including city-level daily cardiovascular death records and meteorological data were collected from 136 Chinese cities during 2006 and 2019. A time-varying distributed lag model with interaction terms was applied to assess the temporal change of mortality risk and attributable mortality of heat wave and cold spell. The mortality effect of heat wave generally increased and that of cold spell decreased significantly in the total population during the study period. The heat wave effect increased especially among the female and people aged 65 to 74. As for the cold spell, the reduced susceptibility was detected both in the temperate and cold climatic zone. Our findings appeal for counterpart measures corresponding to sub-populations and regions responding to future extreme climate events from the public and individuals.
•Porous organic frameworks (POFs) have high surface area and good stability.•POFs are good alternatives for SPE sorbents or SPME/MSPE coatings.•Construction methods for POFs involved sorbent/coating ...are summarized.•Application of POFs involved methods for trace analysis are reviewed.•Adsorption mechanism of POFs for interest analytes is discussed.•Current problems are discussed along with perspectives in future development.
Porous organic frameworks (POFs) are an exciting emerging type of porous organic materials in which molecular building blocks are linked by covalent bonds. POFs usually have high thermal and chemical stability, large surface area, artificially regulated pore size distribution and abundant functional groups, which are considered to be ideal and efficient adsorbent for diverse compounds. They are an excellent alternative for sorbents/coating-based sample pretreatment techniques. In this review, the application of various POFs in trace analysis is discussed in terms of pretreatment techniques, including solid phase extraction, magnetic solid phase extraction, solid phase microextraction, capillary microextraction and stir bar sorptive extraction. The POFs-based sorbents/coatings are reviewed, with the focus on the construction process, comparison among POFs and between POFs and common sorbents, adsorption mechanism for specific analytes and the adsorption performance in trace analysis. Current research status indicate that much effort would be paid on further exploration of the relationship between the special properties of POFs (e.g., crystal form, pore structure) and the adsorption behavior, directional design and synthesis of POFs involved sorbents/coating for trace analysis of organic substances and elemental species, and the development of POFs-involved analytical methodologies for quantification of interest analytes.
Trustworthiness is the most significant predictor of trust and has a significant impact on people’s levels of trust. Most trustworthiness–related research is empirical, and while it has a long ...history, it is challenging for academics to get insights that are applicable to their fields of study and to successfully transfer fragmented results into practice. In order to grasp their dynamic development processes through the mapping of network knowledge graphs, this paper is based on the Web of Science database and uses CiteSpace (6.2.R4) software to compile and visualize the 1,463 publications on trustworthy studies over the past 10 years. This paper aims to provide valuable references to theoretical research and the practice of Trustworthiness. The findings demonstrate that: over the past 10 years, trustworthiness-related research has generally increased in volume; trustworthiness research is concentrated in industrialized Europe and America, with American research findings having a bigger global impact; The University of California System, Harvard University, and Yale University are among the high-production institutions; the leading figures are represented by Alexander Todorov, Marco Brambilla, Bastian Jaeger, and others; the core authors are distinguished university scholars; however, the level of cooperation of the core author needs to be improved. The primary journal for publishing research on trustworthiness is the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology and Biology Letters . In addition, the study focuses on three distinct domains, involving social perception, facial clues, and artificial intelligence.
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been widely applied in many deep learning applications. In recent years, the FPGA implementation for CNNs has attracted much attention because of its high ...performance and energy efficiency. However, existing implementations have difficulty to fully leverage the computation power of the latest FPGAs. In this paper we implement CNN on an FPGA using a systolic array architecture, which can achieve high clock frequency under high resource utilization. We provide an analytical model for performance and resource utilization and develop an automatic design space exploration framework, as well as source-to-source code transformation from a C program to a CNN implementation using systolic array. The experimental results show that our framework is able to generate the accelerator for real-life CNN models, achieving up to 461 GFlops for floating point data type and 1.2 Tops for 8-16 bit fixed point.
This study presented an approach to overcome diffusion limitation and imbalance between Brønsted and Lewis acidities that affect conversion and aromatic yield in alkane nonoxidative ...dehydroaromatization (DHA) conversion. Three different Ga-promoted ZSM-5 catalysts were synthesized for the ethane DHA reaction. The hierarchical galloaluminosilicate Meso-GaZSM-5 was prepared by the solid-state crystallization technique wherein Ga was introduced through the in situ synthesis process. The microporous galloaluminosilicate Micro-GaZSM-5 was synthesized by the hydrothermal technique wherein Ga was introduced in situ during zeolite formation. The hierarchically structured Ga-Meso-ZSM-5 was synthesized by the solid-state crystallization method, but the Ga was introduced by the incipient wetness method. Additional Pt was incorporated by the incipient wetness technique for all three catalysts to enhance the DHA activity. The solid-state crystallization technique created the hierarchical structure without using a template. With the in situ technique, Ga species replaced the Al framework, reducing the strong Brønsted acidity. Meanwhile, they created the extraframework GaO+, introducing the strong Lewis acid sites into catalysts. Due to better synergistic interaction between the oxidation state of metals, acidic properties, and catalyst porosity, Pt-Meso-GaZSM-5 showed higher C2H6 conversion and aromatic selectivity. The improvement on diffusivity not only reduces the effect of channel blockage but also improves the utilization of active sites. This work sheds light on the direct, nonoxidative conversion of shale gas without going through the syngas route.
Protein phosphorylation is a post-translational modification crucial for many cellular processes and protein functions. Accurate identification and quantification of protein phosphosites at the ...proteome-wide level are challenging, not least because efficient tools for protein phosphosite false localization rate (FLR) control are lacking. Here, we propose DeepFLR, a deep learning-based framework for controlling the FLR in phosphoproteomics. DeepFLR includes a phosphopeptide tandem mass spectrum (MS/MS) prediction module based on deep learning and an FLR assessment module based on a target-decoy approach. DeepFLR improves the accuracy of phosphopeptide MS/MS prediction compared to existing tools. Furthermore, DeepFLR estimates FLR accurately for both synthetic and biological datasets, and localizes more phosphosites than probability-based methods. DeepFLR is compatible with data from different organisms, instruments types, and both data-dependent and data-independent acquisition approaches, thus enabling FLR estimation for a broad range of phosphoproteomics experiments.
Fixed frequency beam-scanning leaky-wave antennas have been a focus of attention for many scholars in recent years, and numerous related results have been obtained. However, these antennas suffer ...from several issues such as small beam-scanning range, low gain, and unsatisfactory impedance matching. To address these problems, this paper proposes a microstrip line (ML) antenna unit based on liquid crystal (LC) materials etched Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR). In a first-of-its-kind approach, the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) structure and the ML transmission structure are combined to present the SIW-ML transmission structure. The antenna operates in the Ka-band with excellent resonance characteristics at 34.7 GHz, and the S11 parameters are below - 13 dB in the frequency range of 30-40 GHz, indicating outstanding impedance matching. By arranging 56 antenna units, a periodic leaky-wave antenna is created, enabling fixed-frequency beam-scanning at 34.7 GHz. Experimental results show that the antenna can achieve scanning of angles between - 53° and + 60° with a gain of up to 12.63 dB. Once single-beam scanning is achieved, a method combining LC and discrete amplitude weighting technique, as well as multi-beam theory, is proposed for multi-beam study. Experimental results reveal that the designed 56-unit beam-scanning antenna can effectively realize beam scanning in two directions.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant lethal tumor and both cancer stem cells (CSCs) and metabolism reprogramming have been proven to play indispensable roles in HCC. This study aimed to ...reveal the connection between metabolism reprogramming and the stemness characteristics of HCC, established a new gene signature related to stemness and metabolism and utilized it to assess HCC prognosis and immunotherapy response. The clinical information and gene expression profiles (GEPs) of 478 HCC patients came from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The one-class logistic regression (OCLR) algorithm was employed to calculate the messenger ribonucleic acid expression-based stemness index (mRNAsi), a new stemness index quantifying stemness features. Differentially expressed analyses were done between high- and low-mRNAsi groups and 74 differentially expressed metabolism-related genes (DEMRGs) were identified with the help of metabolism-related gene sets from Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). After integrated analysis, a risk score model based on the three most efficient prognostic DEMRGs, including Recombinant Phosphofructokinase Platelet (PFKP), phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A5 (UGT1A5) was constructed and HCC patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups. Significant differences were found in pathway enrichment, immune cell infiltration patterns, and gene alterations between the two groups. High-risk group patients tended to have worse clinical outcomes and were more likely to respond to immunotherapy. A stemness-metabolism-related model composed of gender, age, the risk score model and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging was generated and showed great discrimination and strong ability in predicting HCC prognosis and immunotherapy response.
Largely limited by the high dissociation energy of the O-O bond, how to effectively promote the activation of molecular oxygen (O2) on the surface of the graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has always ...been the key to improving the photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4. In this study, by utilizing the coordination reaction between F-Fe and O-Fe, a complex (ox-Fe-F-g-C3N4) with F and Fe as central atom, oxalate (ox) and g-C3N4 as ligand molecule was successfully constructed. Relevant characterizations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations together verify that the electron transfer of complex was significantly promoted. It not only beneficial to enhance the ability of photogenerated holes (h+) to directly oxidize tetracycline (TC), but also helps to accelerate the activation of O2 to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, under the action of photoelectron reduction, a photo-Fenton oxidation platform based on Fe (III) and Fe (II) cycling can be established on the surface of F-g-C3N4. This facilitates the conversion of H2O2 generated by activating O2 into hydroxyl radicals (•OH) with higher oxidative activity. Batch degradation experiments confirmed that under the synergistic promotion of surface coordination and photo-Fenton oxidation, the photocatalytic efficiency of ox-Fe-F-g-C3N4 is nearly 4 times that of pristine g-C3N4.
Display omitted
•Surface double central atom coordination enhances photoelectron transfer.•Organic acid ligand molecule promotes the activation of O2 to generate ROS.•Photo-Fenton oxidation system accelerates the decomposition of H2O2 into •OH.•Planar structure design and surface charge regulation synergistically boost the photocatalytic efficiency of F-g-C3N4.
Lysine lactylation (Kla) is a recently discovered histone mark derived from metabolic lactate. The NAD+‐dependent deacetylase SIRT3, which can also catalyze removal of the lactyl moiety from lysine, ...is expressed at low levels in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and has been suggested to be an HCC tumor suppressor. Here we report that SIRT3 can delactylate non‐histone proteins and suppress HCC development. Using SILAC‐based quantitative proteomics, we identify cyclin E2 (CCNE2) as one of the lactylated substrates of SIRT3 in HCC cells. Furthermore, our crystallographic study elucidates the mechanism of CCNE2 K348la delactylation by SIRT3. Our results further suggest that lactylated CCNE2 promotes HCC cell growth, while SIRT3 activation by Honokiol induces HCC cell apoptosis and prevents HCC outgrowth in vivo by regulating Kla levels of CCNE2. Together, our results establish a physiological function of SIRT3 as a delactylase that is important for suppressing HCC, and our structural data could be useful for the future design of activators.
Synopsis
Delactylation of cyclin E2 (CCNE2) by SIRT3 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development.
SIRT3 is negatively correlated with lysine lactylation levels in HCC tissues.
SIRT3‐mediated delactylation of CCNE2 suppresses HCC cell growth.
Honokiol induces SIRT3 delactylation activity to prevent HCC growth in vivo.
Delactylation of cyclin E2 (CCNE2) by SIRT3 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development.
PDF
