This study aims to investigate the effects of information and communication technology (ICT), energy consumption, economic growth, and financial development on carbon dioxide emissions using ...1993–2013 panel data from 12 Asian countries. The study employs a panel unit root test accounting for the presence of cross-sectional dependence and found that Internet usage is stationary and carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, gross domestic production (GDP), and financial development are first-difference stationary. The results form Pedroni panel cointegration test confirms that the variables are cointegrated. The results of the cointegration test indicate that the ICT-energy-GDP-carbon dioxide emissions nexus has long-run equilibrium. Both energy consumption and GDP have significant, positive impacts on carbon dioxide emissions; energy consumption and GDP have an effect on carbon dioxide emissions growth. ICT has a significantly negative effect on carbon dioxide emissions; the promotion of ICT becomes one of the important strategies introduced to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions for various countries. Causality results show that energy consumption, GDP, and financial development cause more carbon dioxide emissions. Energy consumption, GDP, and carbon dioxide emissions cause ICT. GDP causes financial development, whereas energy consumption and GDP are interdetermined. The feedback hypothesis exists in the region; those countries need to develop alternative energy to replace fossil fuels. ICT does not threaten the environment and ICT policy can be seen as a part of carbon dioxide emissions reduction policy.
A simple and versatile in situ fabrication of MAPbX3 nanocrystal‐embedded polymer composite films is developed by controlling the crystallization process from precursor solutions. The composite films ...exhibit enhanced photoluminescence properties, improved stability, and excellent piezoelectric and mechanical properties. Applications of these composite films as color converters in liquid‐crystal‐display backlights are demonstrated, showing bright potential in display technology.
Cell-to-cell variation and heterogeneity are fundamental and intrinsic characteristics of stem cell populations, but these differences are masked when bulk cells are used for omic analysis. ...Single-cell sequencing technologies serve as powerful tools to dissect cellular heterogeneity comprehensively and to identify distinct phenotypic cell types, even within a 'homogeneous' stem cell population. These technologies, including single-cell genome, epigenome, and transcriptome sequencing technologies, have been developing rapidly in recent years. The application of these methods to different types of stem cells, including pluripotent stem cells and tissue-specific stem cells, has led to exciting new findings in the stem cell field. In this review, we discuss the recent progress as well as future perspectives in the methodologies and applications of single-cell omic sequencing technologies.
Hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) has lately received great attention in the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) reaction of propane to propylene for its extraordinary olefin selectivity in contrast to ...metal oxides. However, high crystallinity of commercial h‐BN and elusive cognition of active sites hindered the enhancement of utilization efficiency. Herein, four kinds of plasmas (N2, O2, H2, Ar) were accordingly employed to regulate the local chemical environment of h‐BN. N2‐treated BN exhibited a remarkable activity, i.e., 26.0 % propane conversion with 89.4 % selectivity toward olefins at 520 °C. Spectroscopy demonstrated that “three‐boron center” N‐defects in the catalyst played a pivotal role in facilitating the conversion of propane. While the sintering effect of the “BOx” species in O2‐treated BN, led to the suppressed catalytic performance (12.4 % conversion at 520 °C).
Plasma (N2, O2, H2, Ar) regulated h‐BN with distinct local environment were obtained and employed for ODH of propane: N2 treated BN containing more three‐boron center nitrogen‐defects exhibited remarkable propane conversion of 26.0 % with olefin selectivity of 89.4 % at 520 °C. O2 treated BN showed deactivation due to the sintering effect of “BOx”. N‐H and B‐H generated during H2 treatment, may be unable to facilitate the reaction activity.
•The psychological state of medical staff during the COVID-19 pandemic.•The medical staff had greater psychological distress than the administrative staff.•The front line medical staff were twice ...more likely to suffer anxiety and depression.•Effective strategies toward to improving the mental health were important.
The pandemic of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has burdened an unprecedented psychological stress on people around the world, especially the medical workforce. The study focuses on assess the psychological status of them. The authors conducted a single-center, cross-sectional survey via online questionnaires. Occurrence of fear, anxiety and depression were measured by the numeric rating scale (NRS) on fear, Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), respectively. A total of 2299 eligible participants were enrolled from the authors’ institution, including 2042 medical staff and 257 administrative staff. The severity of fear, anxiety and depression were significantly different between two groups. Furthermore, as compared to the non-clinical staff, front line medical staff with close contact with infected patients, including working in the departments of respiratory, emergency, infectious disease, and ICU, showed higher scores on fear scale, HAMA and HAMD, and they were 1.4 times more likely to feel fear, twice more likely to suffer anxiety and depression. The medical staff especially working in above-mentioned departments made them more susceptible to psychological disorders. Effective strategies toward to improving the mental health should be provided to these individuals.
In the last decade, the functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced composites (FG-CNTRCs) have attracted considerable interest due to their excellent mechanical properties, and the structures ...made of FG-CNTRCs have found broad potential applications in aerospace, civil and ocean engineering, automotive industry, and smart structures. Here we review the literature regarding the mechanical analysis of bulk CNTR nanocomposites and FG-CNTRC structures, aiming to provide a clear picture of the mechanical modeling and properties of FG-CNTRCs as well as their composite structures. The review is organized as follows: (1) a brief introduction to the functionally graded materials (FGM), CNTRCs and FG-CNTRCs; (2) a literature review of the mechanical modeling methodologies and properties of bulk CNTRCs; (3) a detailed discussion on the mechanical behaviors of FG-CNTRCs; and (4) conclusions together with a suggestion of future research trends.
This research investigates the co-movement and causality relationships between greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption and economic growth for 16 Asian countries over the period 1990-2012. The ...empirical findings suggest that in the long run, bidirectional Granger causality between energy consumption, GDP and greenhouse gas emissions and between GDP, greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption is established. A non-linear, quadratic relationship is revealed between greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption and economic growth, consistent with the environmental Kuznets curve for these 16 Asian countries and a subsample of the Asian new industrial economy. Short-run relationships are regionally specific across the Asian continent. From the viewpoint of energy policy in Asia, various governments support low-carbon or renewable energy use and are reducing fossil fuel combustion to sustain economic growth, but in some countries, evidence suggests that energy conservation might only be marginal.
This article investigates the effects of real income, trade openness, and energy consumption on the ecological footprint using a panel data of 13 Asian countries over the 1973–2014 period. The ...empirical findings suggest that the panel variance-ratio test confirms the existence of a long-run equilibrium relationship among ecological footprint real income, trade openness, and energy consumption. Results from panel
pooled mean group
estimates confirm that the long-run elasticity of real income, trade openness, and energy consumption is 0.16, −0.07, and 0.51, respectively. The real income and energy consumption have a positive impact on the ecological footprint. There are three bidirectional causal relationships that were found between ecological footprint and real income; between energy consumption and ecological footprint; and between trade openness and ecological footprint. In addition, three unidirectional causalities can be found: a unidirectional causality running from real income to trade openness; from real income to energy consumption; and from trade openness to energy consumption. Those causal relationships show that economic indicators are highly related to ecological footprint. The findings recommend that various governments should fund more in renewable energy and efficiency upgrade and continue sustaining their growth without hurting the environment.
This article aims to investigate the relationship among renewable energy consumption, carbon dioxide (CO
2
) emissions, and GDP using panel data for 24 Asian countries between 1990 and 2012. Panel ...cross-sectional dependence tests and unit root test, which considers cross-sectional dependence across countries, are used to ensure that the empirical results are correct. Using the panel cointegration model, the vector error correction model, and the Granger causality test, this paper finds that a long-run equilibrium exists among renewable energy consumption, carbon emission, and GDP. CO
2
emissions have a positive effect on renewable energy consumption in the Philippines, Pakistan, China, Iraq, Yemen, and Saudi Arabia. A 1% increase in GDP will increase renewable energy by 0.64%. Renewable energy is significantly determined by GDP in India, Sri Lanka, the Philippines, Thailand, Turkey, Malaysia, Jordan, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, and Mongolia. A unidirectional causality runs from GDP to CO
2
emissions, and two bidirectional causal relationships were found between CO
2
emissions and renewable energy consumption and between renewable energy consumption and GDP. The findings can assist governments in curbing pollution from air pollutants, execute energy conservation policy, and reduce unnecessary wastage of energy.
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