•pre-injury antiplatelet therapy is a strong indicator for high risk patients with higher expected mortality after hip fracture surgery.•no evidence to support delayed surgery in patients taking ...DOACs.•Patients on anticoagulants donot have a higher wound complication rate.
Hip fractures are a large burden on the health care systems of developed nations. Patients usually have multiple co-morbidities and the pre-injury use of anticoagulants and anti-platelet medication is common.
This study used a single hospital hip fracture database to facilitate a retrospective analysis of the impact of anti-coagulation and anti-platelet therapy on mortality and complications after surgical management of hip fractures. There were 92 patients on warfarin, 69 on DOAC, 260 antiplatelet patients and 617 control patients.
Mortality rates at 30 days were 4.8% for the control group, 12.6% for the antiplatelet group, warfarin 7.0%, 9.5% for Direct Oral Anticoagulant (DOAC) group, p = 0.004. Mortality rates at 1 year were 22.4% for the control group, 32.3% for the antiplatelet group, 29.3% for the warfarin group and 29.0% for DOAC group (p=0.007).
Amongst complications, significant differences were found in transfusion (DOAC) and wound ooze (warfarin) rates, but the study did not detect significant clinical consequences arising from these differences.
A matched analysis for age, sex, and ASA was undertaken to look in more detail at mortality data. Some mortality differences remained between groups with anti-platelet medication associated with increased mortality, but the differences no longer appeared to be significant.
Our data suggests that this is a non-causal association, which could be incorporated into predictive mortality risk scores such as the Nottingham hip fracture score.
We believe that pre-injury antiplatelet therapy is a strong indicator for high risk patients with higher expected mortality after hip fracture surgery. We saw no evidence to support delayed surgery in patients taking DOACs
ABSTRACT
We present the discovery of the most distant OH megamaser (OHM) to be observed in the main lines, using data from the MeerKAT International Giga-Hertz Tiered Extragalactic Exploration ...(MIGHTEE) survey. At a newly measured redshift of z = 0.7092, the system has strong emission in both the 1665 MHz (L ≈ 2500 L⊙) and 1667 MHz (L ≈ 4.5 × 104 L⊙) transitions, with both narrow and broad components. We interpret the broad line as a high-velocity-dispersion component of the 1667 MHz transition, with velocity v ∼ 330 km s−1 with respect to the systemic velocity. The host galaxy has a stellar mass of M⋆ = 2.95 × 1010 M⊙ and a star formation rate of SFR = 371 M⊙ yr−1, placing it ∼1.5 dex above the main sequence for star-forming galaxies at this redshift, and can be classified as an ultraluminous infrared galaxy. Alongside the optical imaging data, which exhibit evidence for a tidal tail, this suggests that the OHM arises from a system that is currently undergoing a merger, which is stimulating star formation and providing the necessary conditions for pumping the OH molecule to saturation. The OHM is likely to be lensed, with a magnification factor of ∼2.5, and perhaps more if the maser emitting region is compact and suitably offset relative to the centroid of its host galaxy’s optical light. This discovery demonstrates that spectral line mapping with the new generation of radio interferometers may provide important information on the cosmic merger history of galaxies.
We have combined spectrosopic and photometric data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) with \(1.4\) GHz radio observations, conducted as part of the Stripe 82 \(1-2\) GHz Snapshot Survey using ...the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA), which covers \(\sim100\) sq degrees, to a flux limit of 88 \(\mu\)Jy rms. Cross-matching the \(11\,768\) radio source components with optical data via visual inspection results in a final sample of \(4\,795\) cross-matched objects, of which \(1\,996\) have spectroscopic redshifts and \(2\,799\) objects have photometric redshifts. Three previously undiscovered Giant Radio Galaxies (GRGs) were found during the cross-matching process, which would have been missed using automated techniques. For the objects with spectroscopy we separate radio-loud Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and star-forming galaxies (SFGs) using three diagnostics and then further divide our radio-loud AGN into the HERG and LERG populations. A control matched sample of HERGs and LERGs, matched on stellar mass, redshift and radio luminosity, reveals that the host galaxies of LERGs are redder and more concentrated than HERGs. By combining with near-infrared data, we demonstrate that LERGs also follow a tight \(K-z\) relationship. These results imply the LERG population are hosted by population of massive, passively evolving early-type galaxies. We go on to show that HERGs, LERGs, QSOs and star-forming galaxies in our sample all reside in different regions of a WISE colour-colour diagram. This cross-matched sample bridges the gap between previous `wide but shallow' and `deep but narrow' samples and will be useful for a number of future investigations.
ABSTRACT
The past decade has seen significant advances in wide-field cm-wave very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), which is timely given the wide-area, synoptic survey-driven strategy of major ...facilities across the electromagnetic spectrum. While wide-field VLBI poses significant post-processing challenges that can severely curtail its potential scientific yield, many developments in the km-scale connected-element interferometer sphere are directly applicable to addressing these. Here we present the design, processing, data products, and source counts from a deep (11 μJy beam−1), quasi-uniform sensitivity, contiguous wide-field (160 arcmin2) 1.6 GHz VLBI survey of the CANDELS GOODS-North field. This is one of the best-studied extragalactic fields at milli-arcsecond resolution and, therefore, is well-suited as a comparative study for our Tera-pixel VLBI image. The derived VLBI source counts show consistency with those measured in the COSMOS field, which broadly traces the AGN population detected in arcsecond-scale radio surveys. However, there is a distinctive flattening in the S1.4GHz ∼100–500 μJy flux density range, which suggests a transition in the population of compact faint radio sources, qualitatively consistent with the excess source counts at 15 GHz that is argued to be an unmodelled population of radio cores. This survey approach will assist in deriving robust VLBI source counts and broadening the discovery space for future wide-field VLBI surveys, including VLBI with the Square Kilometre Array, which will include new large field-of-view antennas on the African continent at ≳1000 km baselines. In addition, it may be useful in the design of both monitoring and/or rapidly triggered VLBI transient programmes.
We report the draft genome sequences of the collection referred to as the Escherichia coli DECA collection, which was assembled to contain representative isolates of the 15 most common diarrheagenic ...clones in humans (http://shigatox.net/new/). These genomes represent a valuable resource to the community of researchers who examine these enteric pathogens.
ABSTRACT
Jets of energetic particles, as seen in FR type-I and FR type-II sources, ejected from the centre of radio-loud AGN affect the sources surrounding the intracluster medium/intergalactic ...medium. Placing constraints on the age of such sources is important in order to measure the jet powers and determine the effects on feedback. To evaluate the age of these sources using spectral age models, we require high-resolution multiwavelength data. The new sensitive and high-resolution MIGHTEE survey of the XMM-LSS field, along with data from the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) and the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) provide data taken at different frequencies with similar resolution, which enables us to determine the spectral age distribution for radio-loud AGN in the survey field. In this study, we present a sample of 28 radio galaxies with their best-fitting spectral age distribution analysed using the Jaffe–Perola (JP) model on a pixel-by-pixel basis. Fits are generally good, and objects in our sample show maximum ages within the range of 2.8 to 115 Myr with a median of 8.71 Myr. High-resolution maps over a range of frequencies are required to observe detailed age distributions for small sources, and high-sensitivity maps will be needed in order to observe fainter extended emission. We do not observe any correlation between the total physical size of the sources and their age, and we speculate that both dynamical models and the approach to spectral age analysis may need some modification to account for our observations.
We present 610-MHz Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope observations of 0.84 deg\(^2\) of the AMI001 field (centred on \(00^{\rm h} 23^{\rm m} 10^{\rm s}\), \(+31^{\circ} 53'\)) with an r.m.s. noise of 18 ...\(\mu\)Jy beam\(^{-1}\) in the centre of the field. 955 sources are detected, and 814 are included in the source count analysis. The source counts from these observations are consistent with previous work. We have used these data to study the spectral index distribution of a sample of sources selected at 15.7 GHz from the recent deep extension to the Tenth Cambridge (10C) survey. The median spectral index, \(\alpha\), (where \(S \propto \nu^{-\alpha}\)) between \(0.08 < S_{15.7~\rm GHz} / \rm mJy < 0.2\) is \(0.32 \pm 0.14\), showing that star-forming galaxies, which have much steeper spectra, are not contributing significantly to this population. This is in contrast to several models, but in agreement with the results from the 10C ultra-deep source counts; the high-frequency sky therefore continues to be dominated by radio galaxies down to \(S_{15.7~\rm GHz} = 0.1\) mJy.
•Largest study of rituximab in MOG-IgG-associated disorder, includes both adults and children.•Rituximab reduced relapse rates in MOG-IgG-associated disorder by 37%.•Compared to similar studies in ...AQP4-IgG-associated NMOSD, the efficacy seems lower.•Some patients relapsed despite apparent circulating B-cell depletion.
To assess the effect of anti-CD20 B-cell depletion with rituximab (RTX) on relapse rates in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorder (MOGAD).
Retrospective review of RTX-treated MOGAD patients from 29 centres in 13 countries. The primary outcome measure was change in relapse rate after starting rituximab (Poisson regression model).
Data on 121 patients were analysed, including 30 (24.8%) children. Twenty/121 (16.5%) were treated after one attack, of whom 14/20 (70.0%) remained relapse-free after median (IQR) 11.2 (6.3–14.1) months. The remainder (101/121, 83.5%) were treated after two or more attacks, of whom 53/101 (52.5%) remained relapse-free after median 12.1 (6.3–24.9) months. In this ‘relapsing group’, relapse rate declined by 37% (95%CI=19–52%, p<0.001) overall, 63% (95%CI=35–79%, p = 0.001) when RTX was used first line (n = 47), and 26% (95%CI=2–44%, p = 0.038) when used after other steroid-sparing immunotherapies (n = 54). Predicted 1-year and 2-year relapse-free survival was 79% and 55% for first-line RTX therapy, and 38% and 18% for second-/third-line therapy. Circulating CD19+B-cells were suppressed to <1% of total circulating lymphocyte population at the time of 45/57 (78.9%) relapses.
RTX reduced relapse rates in MOGAD. However, many patients continued to relapse despite apparent B-cell depletion. Prospective controlled studies are needed to validate these results.
The properties of ∼ 1000 high-excitation and low-excitation radio galaxies (HERGs and LERGs) selected from the Heywood et al. (2016) 1 – 2 GHz VLA survey of Stripe 82 are investigated. The HERGs in ...this sample are generally found in host galaxies with younger stellar populations than LERGs, consistent with other work. The HERGs tend to accrete at a faster rate than the LERGs, but there is more overlap in the accretion rates of the two classes than has been found previously. We find evidence that mechanical feedback may be significantly underestimated in hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy evolution; 84 % of this sample release more than 10 % of their energy in mechanical form. Mechanical feedback is significant for many of the HERGs in this sample as well as the LERGs; nearly 50 % of the HERGs release more than 10 % of their energy in their radio jets.
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