The Platformization of Brands Wichmann, Julian R.K.; Wiegand, Nico; Reinartz, Werner J.
Journal of marketing,
01/2022, Letnik:
86, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Digital platforms that aggregate products and services, such as Google Shopping or Amazon, have emerged as powerful intermediaries to brand offerings, challenging traditional product brands that have ...largely lost direct access to consumers. As a countermeasure, several long-established brands have built their own flagship platforms to resume control and foster consumer loyalty. For example, sports brands such as Nike, Adidas, or Asics launched tracking and training platforms that allow for ongoing versatile interactions among participants beyond product purchase. The authors analyze these emerging platform offerings, whose potential brands struggle to exploit, and provide guidance for brands that aim to platformize their business. This guidance comprises the conceptualization of digital platforms as places of consumer crowdsourcing (i.e., consumers drawing value from platform participants such as the brand, other consumers, or third-party businesses) and crowdsending (i.e., consumers providing value to platform participants) of products, services, and content along with a well-defined framework that brands can apply to assemble different types of flagship platforms. Evaluating the consequences of crowdsourcing and crowdsending for consumer–platform relationships, the authors derive a typology of archetypical relationship states and develop a set of propositions to help offline-born product brands thrive through platformization.
Chronic courses of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections have been described in immunosuppressed patients. We aimed to study the role of HEV infections in heart transplant recipients (HTR). 274 HTR were ...prospectively screened for HEV infection using an anti‐HEV‐IgG ELISA and HEV‐PCR. In addition, 137 patients undergoing cardiac surgery (non‐HTR) and 537 healthy subjects were studied cross‐sectionally. The anti‐HEV‐IgG seroprevalence was 11% in HTR, 7% in non‐HTR and 2% in healthy controls (HTR vs. healthy controls p<0.0001; non‐HTR vs. healthy controls p<0.01). Anti‐HEV tested positive in 4.0% in control cohorts of other immunocompromised patients (n = 474). Four HTR (1.5%) were chronically infected with HEV as shown by HEV‐PCR and all four patients had liver transaminases of >200 IU/L and histological or clinical evidence of advanced liver disease. In three patients ribavirin treatment was successful with a sustained biochemical and virological response while treatment failed in one cirrhotic patient after ribavirin dose reduction. Heart transplant recipients and patients undergoing cardiac surgery have an increased risk for HEV infections. Chronic hepatitis E may explain elevated liver enzymes in heart transplant recipients. Treatment of HEV infection with ribavirin is effective but the optimal dose and duration of ribavirin therapy remains to be determined.
Heart transplant recipients have an increased risk for infections with the hepatitis E virus, leading to progressive chronic hepatitis in some patients, which can be treated with ribavirin.
Geospatial data have a long history in marketing research that goes back to Huff’s seminal gravity model from the 1960s. Their applications in research and practice range from location-based mobile ...targeting of individual consumers to store competition analysis and city marketing. In the past decades, geospatial data have become more readily available and have grown considerably in both breadth (i.e., countries and regions covered) and depth (i.e., granularity and diversity of information covered). Nonetheless, international marketing research has not yet fully embraced the opportunities that geospatial data bring to the field. To address this shortcoming, this article shows how geospatial data may propel international marketing research in various domains and develops future research questions for the field. In addition, it introduces OpenStreetMap as a rich geospatial data source to the discipline. The authors illustrate the use of geospatial data in general and OpenStreetMap in particular through a concrete application in which they analyze city center composition in nine countries across three continents. In doing so, they reproducibly describe the extraction of geospatial data, constructions of metrics and operationalizations, and visualizations.
Kepler super-flare stars: what are they? Wichmann, R.; Fuhrmeister, B.; Wolter, U. ...
Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin),
07/2014, Letnik:
567
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The Kepler mission has led to the serendipitous discovery of a significant number of “super flares” – white light flares with energies between 1033 erg and 1036 erg – on solar-type stars. It has been ...speculated that these could be “freak” events that might happen on the Sun, too. We have started a programme to study the nature of the stars on which these super flares have been observed. Here we present high-resolution spectroscopy of 11 of these stars and discuss our results. We find that several of these stars are very young, fast-rotating stars where high levels of stellar activity can be expected, but for some other stars we do not find a straightforward explanation for the occurrence of super flares.
Platforms have entered many industries and increasingly dominate markets. As such, they increasingly displace the traditional linear pipeline model of value creation with a web of value-creating ...interactions among three key players: the platform provider, platform consumers and platform suppliers. Existing conceptualizations of consumer value, however, are still based in the linear pipeline world which raises the need to update these frameworks to the platform era. In this article, we make first important strides towards an overarching platform-based valuation framework which can be applied to any type of platform. We build upon Kumar et al. (2010) by applying and extending the concept of customer engagement value to the platform context. In doing so, we delineate a variety of value components that (a) originate from a platform’s consumers as well as suppliers, (b) generate monetary and non-monetary value for the platform provider, and (c) generate direct and indirect value for the platform provider. Together, these value components holistically capture platform participants’ value creation and assist managers in evaluating the health and sustainability of their platforms.
Cofactor Regeneration at the Lab Scale Wichmann, R.; Vasic-Racki, D.
Advances in biochemical engineering, biotechnology,
01/2005, Letnik:
92
Book Chapter, Journal Article
Progress made in lab-scale applications of various coenzyme regeneration systems over the last two decades has mainly focused on the applications of NAD+/NADH- and NADP+/NADPH-dependent ...oxidoreductase reactions. In situ regeneration systems for these reactions, as well as whole cell, enzymatic, electro-enzymatic, chemical, and photochemical reactions are presented, including details about their efficiency and novelty. The progress of enzyme reaction engineering is also reported.
Economic conditions may significantly affect households’ shopping behavior and, by extension, retailers’ and manufacturers’ firm performance. By explicitly distinguishing between two basic types of ...economic conditions—micro conditions, in terms of households’ personal income, and macro conditions, in terms of the business cycle—this study analyzes how households adjust their grocery shopping behavior. The authors observe more than 5,000 households over eight years and analyze shopping outcomes in terms of what, where, and how much they shop and spend. Results show that micro and macro conditions substantially influence shopping outcomes, but in very different ways. Microeconomic changes lead households to adjust primarily their overall purchase volume—that is, after losing income, households buy fewer products and spend less in total. In contrast, macroeconomic changes cause pronounced structural shifts in households’ shopping basket allocation and spending behavior. Specifically, during contractions, households shift purchases toward private labels while also buying and consequently spending more than during expansions. During expansions, however, households increasingly purchase national brands but keep their total spending constant. The authors discuss psychological and sociological mechanisms that can explain the differential effects of micro and macro conditions on shopping behavior and develop important diagnostic and normative implications for retailers and manufacturers.
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