The rise of the Covid-19 pandemic changed many facets of life for college students. College students were sent home in the middle of a semester, forced to quickly figure out how to learn virtually ...and take classes online that had been in-person. This change also resulted in a proliferation of virtual internships. The existing scholarship on virtual internships is sparse, leaving many questions, specifically, what makes a virtual internship "successful?" We examine this question by analyzing feedback of interns collected via a novel survey of students completing a virtual internship during Spring 2020, Fall 2020, and Spring 2021. We explore the effect of remote interning on a student's overall satisfaction with the internship experience, duties performed, technical difficulties faced while interning virtually, as well as specific factors that may improve the virtual internship experience for students. Results suggest that virtual internships can be highly successful component of student learning. We close by providing recommendations for internship coordinators interested in supporting virtual internship experiences.
Hearing loss (HL) is the most prevalent sensory defect affecting 1 in 500 neonates. Genetic factors are involved in half of the cases. The extreme heterogeneity of HL makes it difficult to analyze ...and determine the accurate genetic causes of the impairment. Up to now, 10 genes, namely, GJB2, GJB6, SLC26A4, TECTA, PJVK, Col11A2, Myo15A, TMC1, RDX and microRNA (miR-183), have been studied in an Iranian population. The prevalence of HL in Iran was estimated to be 2-3 times higher than that in other parts of the world. Here, the most common bases of congenital nonsyndromic hearing loss (NSHL) are discussed. We reviewed GJB2, GJB6 (large deletion), TECTA, SLC26A4 and PEJVK mutations, and studied their frequencies and distributions in different ethnic groups in 1934, 500, 121, 80 and 34 unrelated families throughout Iran, respectively. GJB2 mutation was the most common factor causing NSHL, with a mean frequency of 18.17% in the Iranian population. The importance of Iran's geographical location in the migration pathway from west to east through the silk route was also highlighted. SLC26A4 and TECTA mutations were the second and third main reasons of HL and accounted for up to 10 and 4% of prelingual HL in Iran, respectively. Mutations in GJB2, SLC26, TECTA and PJVK genes have an important role in HL in Iran and a screening test should be generated for better intervention and diagnosis programs.
We quantified the intensity of early intervention (EI) services allocated to 1262 children who were deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) within a state program and identified factors associated with ...intervention intensity. Child specific data were collected on children born between 2008 and 2014. Data from Individualized Family Service Plans of children enrolled in Part C EI programming were evaluated for the type and duration of services during their EI enrollment. Associations between EI intensity and child/family variables were examined. Median age of EI enrollment was 5.3 months. The most frequently received services included primary service coordination, specialized DHH service, special instruction, language therapy, and family training; 60% of children received 4 or more different EI services. The median service intensity was 138.1 min per month across all EI years. The factors associated with higher EI intensity included severe hearing loss, bilateral hearing loss and presence of a disability. Children enrolled in EI at later ages received higher intensity of specialized DHH services, suggesting a need to "catch up" due to late acquisition of services. Evaluating EI service intensity broadens our understanding of effective components of state-based programs that support the developmental needs of children who are DHH.
Abstract Objectives Approximately 4% of children who are deaf or hard of hearing have co-occurring autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Making an additional diagnosis of ASD in this population can be ...challenging, given the complexities of determining whether speech/language and social delays can be accounted for by their hearing loss, or whether these delays might be indicative of a comorbid ASD diagnosis. This exploratory study described a population of 24 children with the dual diagnosis of ASD and hearing loss. Methods Children completed a comprehensive ASD evaluation using standardized autism diagnostic instruments (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, language and psychological testing). Children with permanent hearing loss who had a developmental evaluation between 2001 and 2011 and were diagnosed with an ASD based on the results of that evaluation were included. Information on communication modality, language and cognitive abilities was collected. Results The median age of diagnosis was 14 months (range 1–71) for hearing loss and 66.5 months (range 33–106) for ASD. Only 25% ( n = 6) children were diagnosed with ASD ≤48 months of age and 46% by ≤6 years. Twelve (50%) children were diagnosed with ASD, 11 were diagnosed with pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified and 1 child had Asperger's. Most (67%) had profound degree of hearing loss. Fourteen (58%) children had received a cochlear implant, while 3 children had no amplification for hearing loss. Nine (38%) of the 24 children used speech as their mode of communication (oral communicators). Conclusions Communication delays in children who are deaf or hard of hearing are a serious matter and should not be assumed to be a direct consequence of the hearing loss. Children who received cochlear implants completed a multidisciplinary evaluation including a developmental pediatrician, which may have provided closer monitoring of speech and language progression and subsequently an earlier ASD diagnosis. Because children who are deaf or hard of hearing with ASD are challenging to evaluate, they may receive a diagnosis of ASD at older ages.
Sleep problems have a bi-directional impact on the daytime performance of children, parental well-being, and overall family functioning in the general population. Children with Down syndrome (DS) are ...at a high risk of sleep problems, yet the relationship between sleep problems, adaptive functioning, and family stress in children with DS is not well documented. We examined the relationship between sleep (i.e., duration and quality) and child and parent/family functioning. Sixty-six children with DS wore an actigraph for a week to assess their sleep duration and sleep efficiency. Their parents completed ratings on child sleep duration and parasomnias, child adaptive functioning, parental depression and sleep, and family stress. The parents’ reports of their children’s sleep duration were associated with parental depressive symptoms. The parents’ reports of their children’s restless sleep behaviors were associated with poorer performances in child-compliant/calm behaviors, worse parental sleep, and negative parental feelings and sibling relationships. The findings from actigraph measures of the children’s sleep demonstrated that greater sleep efficiency was associated with greater child adaptive functioning and fewer parental depressive symptoms. The study findings provide preliminary evidence that sleep problems are related to child adaptive functioning, parental functioning, and family stress in children with DS.
This article is the second in a series reporting on research exploring the effects of Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction on nurses and describes the quantitative data. The third article describes ...qualitative data. Treatment group participants reduced scores on 2 of 3 subscales of the Maslach Burnout Inventory significantly more than wait-list controls; within-group comparisons for both groups pretreatment and posttreatment revealed similar findings. Changes were maintained as long as 3-month posttreatment. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction, a stress-reduction program, has increasing empirical support as a patient-care intervention. Its emphasis on self-care, compassion, and healing makes it relevant ...as an intervention for helping nurses manage stress and reduce burnout. This article describes the implementation of Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction in a hospital system as a way to lower burnout and improve well-being among nurses, using both quantitative and qualitative data.
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome medical guidelines Wiley, Susan; Swayne, Susan; Rubinstein, Jack H ...
American journal of medical genetics. Part A,
1 June 2003, Letnik:
119A, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Children and adults with Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome have specific medical conditions that occur with greater frequency than the general population. Based on the available information from the ...literature and clinical experience, recommendations for specific surveillance and interventions are made to guide those clinicians caring for individuals with Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome. This is a first attempt at medical guidelines for individuals with RTS in the United States. On-going research is needed in many areas to guide decisions in medical care and allow for refinement of these medical guidelines.
In this article, we review relational factors in early childhood believed to contribute in unique ways to pragmatic skill development in deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) infants and toddlers. These ...factors include attending to infant interactions with caregivers and others, supporting development of theory of mind through play and use of mental state language (ie, describing one's own or others' thoughts, feelings, and beliefs), and providing accessible opportunities for social interaction. On the basis of a review of the literature and clinical experience, we offer prescriptive strategies for supporting DHH children's development in these areas. To improve outcomes for DHH children, medical care providers and allied health professionals have a responsibility to support the development of young DHH children's pragmatic abilities by understanding these variables, coaching caregivers regarding their importance, and facilitating referrals for support when necessary.
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