We discuss a Tsallis distribution with complex nonextensivity parameter q. In this case the usual distribution is decorated with a log-periodic oscillating factor (apparently, such oscillations can ...be seen in recently measured transverse momentum distributions in collisions at very high energies). Complex q also means complex heat capacity which shall also be briefly discussed.
•Tsallis distribution decorated with log-periodic oscillations.•Complex nonextensivity parameter and heat capacity.•Scale invariance as a result of processes with discrete steps.
We review from the point of view of nonextensive statistics the ubiquitous presence in elementary and heavy-ion collisions of power law distributions. Special emphasis is placed on the conjecture ...that this is just a reflection of some intrinsic fluctuations existing in the hadronic systems considered. These systems are summarily described by a single parameter
q
playing the role of a nonextensivity measure in the nonextensive statistical models based on Tsallis entropy.
Recent high energy CERN LHC experiments on transverse momenta distributions of produced particles seem to show the existence of some (small but persistent) log-periodic oscillation in the ratios ...R=σdatapT∕σfitpT. We argue that they can provide us with so far unnoticed information on the production process, which can be interpreted as the presence of some kind of sound waves formed during the collision process in the bulk of the produced high density matter.
•Tsallis distributions decorated with log-periodic oscillations.•Temperature oscillations in sound waves.•Scale invariance and self-similarity as the causes of log-periodicity.
Recently, the CERN ALICE experiment observed muon bundles of very high multiplicities in its dedicated cosmic ray (CR) run, thereby confirming similar findings from the LEP era at CERN (in the ...CosmoLEP project). Originally, it was argued that they apparently stem from the primary CRs with a heavy masses. We propose an alternative possibility arguing that muonic bundles of highest multiplicity are produced by strangelets, hypothetical stable lumps of strange quark matter infiltrating our universe. We also address the possibility of additionally deducing their directionality which could be of astrophysical interest. Significant evidence for anisotropy of arrival directions of the observed high-multiplicity muonic bundles is found. Estimated directionality suggests their possible extragalactic provenance.
We analyze an ensemble in which energy (E), temperature (T) and multiplicity (N) can all fluctuate and with the help of nonextensive statistics we propose a relation connecting all fluctuating ...variables. It generalizes Lindhard’s thermodynamic uncertainty relations known in literature.
► Using nonextensive statistics we propose a general thermodynamic uncertainty relation. ► It applies to ensembles with fluctuating energy, temperature and multiplicity. ► Using it one can connect different types of fluctuations observed in experimental data.
Imprints of clustering in multiplicity fluctuations Bazgir, A.; Reyna Ortiz, V. Z.; Rybczynski, M. ...
The European physical journal. A, Hadrons and nuclei,
03/2023, Letnik:
59, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
In this paper, we investigate the multiplicity fluctuations of charged particles observed in high-energy nuclear collisions and relate them to the size of hadronizing systems which happen during such ...processes. We use the average multiplicities
⟨
N
⟩
and variances
V
a
r
N
of multiplicity distributions of charged particles produced in centrality selected collisions of relativistic heavy-ion nuclei to evaluate the dynamic variance
Ω
and study its dependence on the size of colliding systems. We connect the observed system-size dependence of multiplicity fluctuations with the clustering phenomena and the finiteness of the hadronizing sources and the thermal bath.
Tacrolimus, a cornerstone immunosuppressant, is widely available as a twice‐daily formulation (Tacrolimus BID). A once‐daily prolonged‐release formulation (Tacrolimus QD) has been developed that may ...improve adherence and impart long‐lasting graft protection. This study compared the pharmacokinetics (PK) of tacrolimus in de novo kidney transplant patients treated with Tacrolimus QD or Tacrolimus BID. A 6‐week, open‐label, randomized comparative study was conducted in centers in Europe and Australia. Eligible patients received Tacrolimus QD or Tacrolimus BID. PK profiles were obtained following the first tacrolimus dose (day 1), and twice under steady‐state conditions. As secondary objectives, efficacy and safety parameters were also evaluated. Sixty‐six patients completed all PK profiles (34 Tacrolimus QD, 32 Tacrolimus BID). Mean AUC0–24 of tacrolimus on day 1 was approximately 30% lower for Tacrolimus QD than Tacrolimus BID (232 and 361 ng.h/mL, respectively), but was comparable by day 4. There was a good correlation and a similar relationship between AUC0–24 and Cmin for both formulations. Efficacy and safety data were also comparable over the 6‐week period. Tacrolimus QD can be administered once daily in the morning on the basis of the same systemic exposure and therapeutic drug monitoring concept as Tacrolimus BID.
This prospective, randomized, PK study in de novo kidney transplant patients showed comparable systemic steady‐state tacrolimus exposure, and a good correlation between trough tacrolimus levels and AUC, for once‐ and twice‐daily tacrolimus formulations.
Kidney transplantation is an optimal method of renal replacement therapy in patients with phase V chronic kidney disease. Elderly patients (older than 60 years) with a kidney transplant create a ...significant and constantly growing pool of patients with this type of organ transplantation. In this group of patients, long-term care should be particularly stringent and vigilant. Apart from typical conditions associated with chronic kidney disease and possible post-transplant complications as well as side effects of immunosuppressive treatment, the patient also experiences changes and limitations associated with the progress of age and diseases typical for old age, characterized by a higher risk of infection, and changed pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics. Undoubtedly, patients should remain under the medical care of qualified transplantologists, but constant cooperation with a general practitioner and geriatrician would be of added value. Study results show that although most of the elderly kidney recipients have constant contact with their general practitioners, and almost half of them use private care, contribution of the geriatrician to the transplant care system is unsatisfactory, and elderly kidney recipients would expect more extensive outpatient care.
•Elderly kidney recipients require holistic and coordinated long-term care.•Transplant outpatient clinics provide regular follow-up for elderly kidney recipients.•Services provided by general practitioners may overlap but not comply with transplant specialists.•There is a need for more intense involvement of community nurses and geriatricians in long-term post-transplant care.
Examples of joint probability distributions are studied in terms of Tsallis’ nonextensive statistics both for correlated and uncorrelated variables, in particular it is explicitely shown how ...correlations in the system can make Tsallis entropy additive and that the effective nonextensivity parameter
q
N
decreases towards unity when the number of variables
N increases. We demonstrate that Tsallis distribution of energies of particles in a system leads in a natural way to the Negative Binomial multiplicity distribution in this system.
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