Objectives
To investigate the chewing efficiency and oral health‐related quality of life of edentulous patients wearing complete dentures, successively supported by one, two, and three implants in ...the mandible.
Methods
Thirteen (13) edentulous patients of at least 50 years of age received three implants in the mandible. After a conventional submerged healing period, the central implant was uncovered and connected to the denture base using a stud attachment. Two months later, chewing efficacy was evaluated, and the two lateral implants were uncovered and connected to the denture base. The central retention element was replaced by a short healing abutment with no connection to the denture base. Chewing efficiency was evaluated two months later. Afterward, the healing abutment of the central implant was replaced by a stud attachment and again connected to the denture base. Two months later, chewing efficacy was evaluated again. Oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) was measured at each recall visit using the summary score of the oral health impact profile. For statistical analysis of chewing efficacy, the changes from baseline (with no implants) to one, two, and three implants were used and tested by analysis of variance with repeated mesurements.
Results
Chewing efficacy clearly increased after implant loading, with a significant increase when two implants were loaded (p ≤ .05), compared to the chewing efficacy with no implants. OHRQoL also significantly improved after implant loading.
Conclusions
Within the limitations of the present clinical trial regarding the number of patients, chewing efficacy as well OHRQoL of edentulous patients improve after implant placement in the mandible, irrespective of the number of implants. The best chewing efficacy was achieved with two implants.
Psoriasis is a chronic disease with high impact on patients' health and their quality of life. Psoriasis often occurs along with other comorbidities, but it is not yet clear what role the ...comorbidities play in regional psoriasis prevalence. This study investigates the temporal and regional variation of the psoriasis comorbidities diabetes mellitus type II, obesity, hypertension, affective disorders in Germany and their association with psoriasis prevalence. This analysis based on the population set of ambulatory claims data (2010-2017) of the statutory health insurance (SHI) in Germany (approx. 70.3 million people in 2017). Psoriasis comorbidities rates were determined on county level. We performed descriptive spatiotemporal analyses of psoriasis comorbidity prevalence rates. In addition, we identified and compared spatial clusters and examined regional variations using spatial statistical methods. The results show strong regional variations (northeast to south gradient) and an increasing psoriasis prevalence (max. 28.8%) within the observation period. Considering the comorbidities, results indicate comparable spatial prevalence patterns for diabetes mellitus type II, obesity and hypertension. This means that the highest prevalence of comorbidities tends to be found where the psoriasis prevalence is highest. The spatiotemporal cluster analyses could once again confirm the results. An exception to this is to be found in the case of affective disorders with different spatial patterns. The results of the studies show the first spatiotemporal association between psoriasis prevalence and comorbidities in Germany. The causalities must be investigated in more detail in order to be able to derive measures for improved care.
Aim
The basis of phenotypic variation of periodontitis is genetic variability. Disease relevant effects of individual risk alleles are considered to result from genetic interactions. We investigated ...gene × gene (G×G) interactions of suggestive periodontitis susceptibility alleles.
Materials and Methods
We used the case‐only design and investigated single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) that showed associations in our recent genome‐wide association study (GWAS) and GWAS meta‐analysis with p < 5 × 10−6. CRISPR‐dCas9 gene activation followed by RNA‐sequencing and gene‐set enrichment analyses elucidated differentially expressed genes and gene networks. With the databases of SNPInspector and Transfac professional, luciferase reporter gene assays and antibody electrophoretic mobility shift experiments, we analysed allele‐specific effects on transcription factor binding.
Results
SNPs at the genes sialic acid binding Ig‐like lectin 5 (SIGLEC5) and plasminogen (PLG) showed G×G interactions with rs1122900 at the long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) CTD‐2353F22. Associated chromatin cis‐activated CTD‐2353F22.1 6.5‐fold (p = .003), indicating CTD‐2353F22.1 as target gene of this interaction. CTD‐2353F22.1 regulated GADD45A (padj < 4.9 × 10−11, log2 fold change (FC) = −0.55), THBS1, SERPINE1 and Tissue Factor F3 (padj < 5 × 10−7, log2 FC ≥ −0.35) and the gene set “angiogenesis” (area under the curve = 0.71, padj = 8.2 × 10−5). rs1122900 effect C‐allele decreased reporter gene activity (5.5‐fold, p = .0003) and PRDM14 binding (76%).
Conclusions
CTD‐2353F22.1 mediates interaction of SIGLEC5 and PLG, together with genes that function in periodontal wound healing.
There are regional differences in the prevalence of psoriasis between countries, as well as within countries. However, regional determinants of differences in prevalence are not yet understood. The ...aim of this study was to identify sociodemographic and environmental determinants of regional prevalence rates for psoriasis. Analyses were based on German outpatient billing data from statutory health insurance, together with data from databases on sociodemographic and environment factors at the county level (N = 402) for 2015-2017. Descriptive statistics were calculated for all variables. To identify determinants for prevalence at the county level, spatiotemporal regression analysis was performed, with prevalence as the dependent variable, and the number of physicians, mean age, mean precipitation, sunshine hours, mean temperature, level of urbanity, and the German Index of Socioeconomic Deprivation (GISD) as independent variables. Mean prevalence of psoriasis increased from 168.63 per 10,000 in 2015 to 173.54 per 10,000 in 2017 for Germany as a whole, with high regional variation. Five determinants were detected (p < 0.05). The prevalence increased by 4.18 per 10,000 persons with SHI with each GISD unit, and by 3.76 per 10,000 with each year increase in age. Each additional hour of sunshine resulted in a decrease of 0.04 and each °C increase in mean temperature resulted in an increase of 4.22. Each additional dermatologist per 10,000 inhabitants resulted in a decrease of 0.07. In conclusion, sociodemographic and environmental factors result in significant differences in prevalence of psoriasis, even within-country.
Additive Manufacturing in Total Joint Arthroplasty Narra, Sneha Prabha, PhD; Mittwede, Peter N., MD; DeVincent Wolf, Sandra, PhD ...
The Orthopedic clinics of North America,
01/2019, Letnik:
50, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Additive manufacturing (AM) has demonstrated the potential to revolutionize manufacturing for various applications across the medical, aerospace, automobile, and energy sectors. It is a ...layer-by-layer manufacturing process in which the computer-aided design model is sliced into layers and each layer is deposited successively to realize the final product. This article provides a general overview of AM and discusses current state-of-the-art AM methodologies as they apply to total joint arthroplasty. Specifically, details on their applications and current challenges are summarized to provide orthopedic surgeons with a basic understanding of current and potential applications of AM in total joint arthroplasty.
There is a strong desire within the metal additive manufacturing industry to immediately leverage research discoveries to improve process and part quality. Rapid transfer of knowledge from a ...university setting to a factory floor is greatly enhanced if researchers have direct access to the same type of equipment being used by industry. Challengingly, the operation of much of this equipment requires specially designed facilities—the specifications for which are not well reported in the prior literature. Informed by their recent experience of constructing a new metal additive manufacturing research laboratory, the authors enumerate many of the design challenges they faced and the solutions they implemented.
Aims
Various studies have reported that young European women are more likely to develop early‐onset periodontitis compared to men. A potential explanation for the observed variations in sex and age ...of disease onset is the natural genetic variation within the autosomal genomes. We hypothesized that genotype‐by‐sex (G × S) interactions contribute to the increased prevalence and severity.
Materials and methods
Using the case‐only design, we tested for differences in genetic effects between men and women in 896 North‐West European early‐onset cases, using imputed genotypes from the OmniExpress genotyping array. Population‐representative 6823 controls were used to verify that the interacting variables G and S were uncorrelated in the general population.
Results
In total, 20 loci indicated G × S associations (P < 0.0005), 3 of which were previously suggested as risk genes for periodontitis (ABLIM2, CDH13, and NELL1). We also found independent G × S interactions of the related gene paralogs MACROD1/FLRT1 (chr11) and MACROD2/FLRT3 (chr20). G × S‐associated SNPs at CPEB4, CDH13, MACROD1, and MECOM were genome‐wide‐associated with heel bone mineral density (CPEB4, MECOM), waist‐to‐hip ratio (CPEB4, MACROD1), and blood pressure (CPEB4, CDH13).
Conclusions
Our results indicate that natural genetic variation affects the different heritability of periodontitis among sexes and suggest genes that contribute to inter‐sex phenotypic variation in early‐onset periodontitis.
ObjectivesGlobal prevalence rates of psoriasis differ significantly, with lowest rates in the equator region and increasing tendencies towards the north but also differences within-country. ...Information on regional variations in Germany is missing. This study aims to analyse the change of psoriasis prevalence in Germany over time and to detect regional variations.DesignCross sectional, spatio-epidemiological study on regional psoriasis prevalence in Germany.SettingClaims data study based on nationwide outpatient billing data on county level.MethodsAnalyses based on outpatient billing data for 2010–2017 derived from all people insured in statutory health insurances (about 72.8 million). We performed descriptive spatio-temporal analyses of prevalence rates using probability mapping and statistical smoothing methods, identified spatial clusters and examined a north-south gradient using spatial statistics.ResultsThe prevalence increased from 147.4 per 10 000 in 2010 to 173.5 in 2017. In 2017, counties’ prevalence rates ranged between 93.8 and 340.9. Decreased rates occurred mainly in southern counties, increased rates in northern and eastern counties. Clusters of low rates occur in southern and south-western Germany, clusters of high rates in the north and north-east. The correlation between counties’ latitudes and their prevalence rates was high with Pearson’s r=0.65 (p<0.05).ConclusionIncreased prevalence of psoriasis over time and marked regional variations in Germany were observed which need further investigation.
Abstract Objectives The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the bond strength and durability of adhesive bonding systems to amorphous and crystalline PEKK and fiber-reinforced PEEK using ...five types of surface conditioning methods. Methods One hundred and fifty specimens of each material were conditioned mechanically and chemically, bonded with Multilink Automix to Plexiglas tubes, filled with Multicore Flow, and stored in water at 37 °C for 3, 30 and 150 days. The long-term storage series were thermal cycled between 5 and 55 °C for 10,000 times (30 days) or for 37,500 times (150 days) prior to tensile bond strength test (TBS). Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal–Wallis and Wilcoxon tests with a Bonferroni–Holm correction for multiple testing ( α = 0.05). Results Fiber-reinforced PEEK exhibited higher bond strengths in all five conditioning groups and at all three storage times than crystalline and amorphous PEKK, which showed lowest TBS. Highest TBS was achieved after conditioning with silica coating and priming (Rocatec Soft, Monobond Plus, Luxatemp Glaze & Bond; TBS up to 23.6 MPa). Significance The conditioning method has a significant influence to the bond strength of the bonding to the amorphous and crystalline PEKKs and fiber-reinforced PEEKs.
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