Excess reactive oxygen species production by mitochondria is a key mechanism of age-related vascular dysfunction. Our laboratory has shown that supplementation with the mitochondrial-targeted ...antioxidant MitoQ improves vascular endothelial function by reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and ameliorates arterial stiffening in old mice, but the effects in humans are unknown. Here, we sought to translate our preclinical findings to humans and determine the safety and efficacy of MitoQ. Twenty healthy older adults (60-79 years) with impaired endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation <6%) underwent 6 weeks of oral supplementation with MitoQ (20 mg/d) or placebo in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover design study. MitoQ was well tolerated, and plasma MitoQ was higher after the treatment versus placebo period (
<0.05). Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation was 42% higher after MitoQ versus placebo (
<0.05); the improvement was associated with amelioration of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species-related suppression of endothelial function (assessed as the increase in flow-mediated dilation with acute, supratherapeutic MitoQ 160 mg administration; n=9;
<0.05). Aortic stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity) was lower after MitoQ versus placebo (
<0.05) in participants with elevated baseline levels (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity >7.60 m/s; n=11). Plasma oxidized LDL (low-density lipoprotein), a marker of oxidative stress, also was lower after MitoQ versus placebo (
<0.05). Participant characteristics, endothelium-independent dilation (sublingual nitroglycerin), and circulating markers of inflammation were not different (all
>0.1). These findings in humans extend earlier preclinical observations and suggest that MitoQ and other therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species may hold promise for treating age-related vascular dysfunction.
URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02597023.
We previously observed improvements in vascular endothelial function as well as exploratory measures of motor and cognitive function in a pilot study of sodium nitrite supplementation in middle‐aged ...and older (MA/O) adults. Here, we sought to establish the efficacy of sodium nitrite for improving endothelial function (primary outcome) while also taking advantage of the opportunity to confirm our motor and cognitive function findings in a larger randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, parallel group study with 12 weeks of sodium nitrite (80 mg/day) vs. placebo in healthy MA/O adults (n = 49, 68±1 yr) with impaired endothelial function (baseline brachial artery flow‐mediated dilation FMD <6%). Sodium nitrite increased plasma levels of nitrite acutely (10‐fold, p<0.05 vs placebo) and chronically (p<0.05) and was well‐tolerated over the 12‐week supplementation period. Vascular endothelial function, measured by brachial artery FMD, was increased by 28% vs. baseline (p<0.05) after 12 weeks of supplementation (3.9±1.2 to 5.0±1.8%, p<0.05), but unchanged with placebo (3.8±1.4 to 4.0±1.5%, p>0.05). There were no differences in secondary outcomes of motor or cognitive function assessed with measures of the NIH Toolbox and other standardized tests between the sodium nitrite and placebo group after 12 weeks (all p>0.05). There were no differences in subject characteristics, body composition or circulating markers of inflammation and oxidative stress with sodium nitrite or placebo (all p>0.05). Collectively, these results indicate that sodium nitrite supplementation for 12 weeks improves endothelial function but does not affect motor or cognitive function in healthy, high‐functioning MA/O adults. These findings suggest therapeutic strategies to enhance nitrite levels may hold promise for treating age‐related vascular endothelial dysfunction.
Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT02393742
Support or Funding Information
NIH R01 AG013038, K01 DK115524 and NIH/NCATS Colorado CTSA Grant Number UL1 TR002535; American Physiology Society UGREF Award
This is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this published in The FASEB Journal.
Excess reactive oxygen species production by mitochondria (mtROS) is a key mechanism of vascular dysfunction with aging. Our laboratory has shown that supplementation with the mitochondrial‐targeted ...antioxidant MitoQ improves vascular endothelial function by reducing mtROS and ameliorates arterial stiffening in old mice, but the effects in humans are unknown. Here we sought to translate our preclinical findings to humans, while also determining the safety and efficacy of MitoQ. Twenty healthy late middle‐aged and older adults (60–79 years) with impaired endothelial function (baseline brachial artery flow‐mediated dilation FMD <6%) underwent six weeks of oral supplementation with MitoQ (20 mg/day) or placebo in a randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, crossover design study. MitoQ was well tolerated, and no treatment‐related serious adverse events occurred. Plasma MitoQ concentrations were higher after the treatment vs. placebo period (P<0.05). Brachial artery FMD was 42% higher after MitoQ vs. placebo (P<0.05); this improvement was associated with complete amelioration of tonic mtROS‐related suppression of endothelial function (assessed as the increase in FMD with acute 160 mg dose of MitoQ, n=9, P<0.05). Aortic stiffness (carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity PWV) was lower after MitoQ vs. placebo (P<0.05) in participants with elevated baseline levels (carotid‐femoral PWV >7.60 m/s, n=11). Plasma oxidized low‐density lipoprotein, a marker of oxidative stress, also was lower after MitoQ vs. placebo (P<0.05), whereas participant characteristics, endothelium‐independent dilation (sublingual nitroglycerin) and circulating markers of inflammation were not different (all P>0.1). These findings in humans support earlier preclinical observations and suggest that MitoQ and other therapeutic strategies targeting mtROS may hold promise for treating age‐related vascular dysfunction.
Support or Funding Information
Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT02597023
Funding: Supported by NIH R21 AG049451, T32 AG000279, F32 AG053009, Colorado CTSA UL1 TR001082 and an industry contract with MitoQ Limited.
This is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this published in The FASEB Journal.
Abstract
Background and Objectives
Social networks affect the health and well-being of older adults. Advancements in technology (e.g., digital devices and mHealth) enrich our ability to collect ...social networks and health data. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify and map the use of technology in measuring older adults’ social networks for health and social care.
Research Design and Methods
The Joanna Briggs Institute methodology was followed. PubMed (MEDLINE), Sociological Abstracts, SocINDEX, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched for relevant articles. Conference abstracts and proceedings were searched via Conference Papers Index, the American Sociological Society, and The Gerontological Society of America. Studies published in English from January 2004 to March 2020 that aimed to improve health or social care for older adults and used technology to measure social networks were included. Data were extracted by 2 independent reviewers using an a priori extraction tool.
Results
The majority of the 18 reviewed studies were pilot or simulation research conducted in Europe that focused on older adults living in the community. The various types of technologies used can be categorized as environment-based, person-based, and data-based.
Discussion and Implications
Technology facilitates objective and longitudinal data collection on the social interactions and activities of older adults. The use of technology to measure older adults’ social networks, however, is primarily in an exploratory phase. Multidisciplinary collaborations are needed to overcome operational, analytical, and implementation challenges. Future studies should leverage technologies for addressing social isolation and care for older adults, especially during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
This scoping review aims to identify and map the use of technology in measuring and analyzing older adults' social networks in the context of health and social care.
Research has shown that social ...networks impact the health and well-being of older adults. Advancements in the internet, electronic and digital devices, social media, and healthcare technology enhance our ability to collect social network and health data. These rapidly evolving technologies present opportunities to overcome limitations in social network measurement and promote improved understanding of the impact of social networks on the health and well-being of older adults.
This scoping review will include studies of older adults that measured social networks using technology and were related to health or health and social care. Studies published in English from 2004 to the present will be included. Books, editorials, letters, and commentaries will be excluded.
PubMed (MEDLINE), Sociological Abstracts, SocINDEX, CINAHL, and Web of Science will be searched for related articles. Gray literature will be included by searching conference abstracts via Conference Papers Index and hand-searching conference proceedings from the American Sociological Society and the Gerontological Society of America. Data will be extracted by two independent reviewers using an a priori data extraction tool. Tables and summary narratives will be used to map and synthesize existing approaches to measuring social networks using technology, the settings for measurement development or testing, and the use of approaches in discovery science, implementation science, or clinical care.
Abstract
Social networks impact the health and wellbeing of older adults. The importance of social networks drives the need to reliably measure social networks. Advancements and innovations in the ...internet, electronic and digital devices, social media and health care technology enriches our ability to collect social network and health data to overcome limitations in social network measurement. This scoping review will review approaches utilizing technology to assist the measurement and analysis of social networks among older adults in the context of health and social care. Joanna Briggs Institute methodology was followed; PubMed (MEDLINE), Sociological Abstracts, SocINDEX, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched for related articles. Conference abstracts and proceedings were included. We discuss the gaps and advances in measurement of social networks of older adults using technology and implications for future research in social networks of older adults as a lever for improving health and well-being.
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