To solve the problems such as the dissolution and the poor conductivity of organic small molecule electrode materials, we construct π‐d conjugated coordination polymer Ni‐DHBQ with multiple ...redox‐active centers as lithium storage materials. It exhibits an ultra‐high capacity of 9‐electron transfers, while the π‐d conjugation and the laminar structure inside the crystal ensure fast electron transport and lithium ion diffusion, resulting in excellent rate performance (505.6 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 300 cycles). The interaction of Ni‐DHBQ with the binder CMC synergistically inhibits its dissolution and anchors the Ni atoms, thus exhibiting excellent cycling stability (650.7 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 100 cycles). This work provides insight into the mechanism of lithium storage in π‐d conjugated coordination polymers and the synergistic effect of CMC, which will contribute to the molecular design and commercial application of organic electrode materials.
The π‐d conjugated coordination polymer Ni‐DHBQ exhibits an ultra‐high lithium storage capacity of 9‐electron transfer and excellent rate performance due to its multiple redox active centers, π‐d conjugation and laminar structure. Meanwhile, the binder CMC, like an octopus, has an appropriate interaction with both the ligand and Ni2+ of Ni‐DHBQ, thus reducing the solubility of Ni‐DHBQ and enhancing its cycle life.
In order to satisfy the requirements of thermal protection for hypersonic vehicles under high temperature and strong scour environment, a quaternary ablation thermal protection coatings (ATPCs) that ...incorporated micro-sized iron trioxide (Fe
2
O
3
) powder, hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) and mica powder into hydroxyl-terminated silicone oligomer-bridged epoxy resins (PSGs) was prepared on stainless steel substrate by a simple spraying method. The ATPCs were well adhered to the substrate and showed a uniform thickness of approximately 1 mm. The ablation behaviors of the ATPCs were investigated in an arc-jet. The aero-thermal parameters of the surface of ATPCs were not uniform, which heat flux ranged from 400 kW/m
2
to 700 kW/m
2
, and the dynamic pressures ranged from 100 to 124 kPa. Results shown that the maximum surface and back-face temperature reached 791.7 °C and 215.5 °C during ablation. In addition to some slender crack, no other obvious structural damage of the ATPCs was found. Furthermore, the structural reliability of the ATPCs under aero-thermal-random vibration (20–2000 Hz, Grms = 12 g) coupled environment was also investigated. The phenomenon of large area peeling of the ATPCs was not observed, which can be ascribed to the enhanced toughness and adhesion of modified epoxy resin. The study provides an important basis for obtaining high-performance ATPC, which is highly desired in hypersonic vehicles.
The separator is an important component in batteries, with the primary function of separating the positive and negative electrodes and allowing the free passage of ions. Porous organic framework ...materials have a stable connection structure, large specific surface area, and ordered pores, which are natural places to store electrolytes. And these materials with specific functions can be designed according to the needs of researchers. The performance of porous organic framework-based separators used in rechargeable lithium metal batteries is much better than that of polyethylene/propylene separators. In this paper, the three most classic organic framework materials (MOF, COF, and HOF) are analyzed and summarized. The applications of MOF, COF, and HOF separators in lithium-sulfur batteries, lithium metal anode, and solid electrolytes are reviewed. Meanwhile, the research progress of these three materials in different fields is discussed based on time. Finally, in the conclusion, the problems encountered by MOF, COF, and HOF in different fields as well as their future research priorities are presented. This review will provide theoretical guidance for the design of porous framework materials with specific functions and further stimulate researchers to conduct research on porous framework materials.
All‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) based on inorganic solid electrolytes (SEs) are one of the most promising strategies for next‐generation energy storage systems and electronic devices due to the ...higher energy density and intrinsic safety. However, the poor solid‐solid contact and restricted chemical/electrochemical stability of inorganic SEs both in cathode and anode SE interfaces cause contact failure and the degeneration of SEs during prolonged charge‐discharge processes. As a result, the increasing interface resistance significantly affects the coulombic efficiency and cycling performance of ASSBs. Herein, we present a fundamental understanding of physical contact and chemical/electrochemical features of ASSB interfaces based on mainstream inorganic SEs and summarize the recent work on interface modification. SE doping, optimizing morphology, introducing interlayer/coating layer, and utilizing compatible electrode materials are the key methods to prevent side reactions, which are discussed separately in cathode/anode‐SE interface. We also highlight the constant extra stack pressure applied during ASSB cycling, which is important to the electrochemical performance. Finally, our perspectives on interface modification for practical high‐performance ASSBs are put forward.
The bottleneck of all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) based on inorganic solid electrolytes (SEs) is the interface. This Review summarizes fundamentals of the interfaces in ASSBs in terms of physical contact and electrochemical contact. Recent research progresses on both cathode SE interface and anode SE interface have been introduced as well.
Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease, this poses challenges for classification and management. Long non-coding RNAs play acrucial role in the breast cancersdevelopment and progression, ...especially in tumor-related immune processes which have become the most rapidly investigated area. Therefore, we aimed at developing an immune-related lncRNA signature to improve the prognosis prediction of breast cancer.
We obtained breast cancer patient samples and corresponding clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Immune-related lncRNAs were screened by co-expression analysis of immune-related genes which were downloaded from the Immunology Database and Analysis Portal (ImmPort). Clinical patient samples were randomly separated into training and testing sets. In the training set, univariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO regression were utilized to build a prognostic immune-related lncRNA signature. The signature was validated in the training set, testing set, and whole cohorts by the Kaplan-Meier log-rank test, time-dependent ROC curve analysis, principal component analysis, univariate andmultivariate Cox regression analyses.
A total of 937 immune- related lncRNAs were identified, 15 candidate immune-related lncRNAs were significantly associated with overall survival (OS). Eight of these lncRNAs (OTUD6B-AS1, AL122010.1, AC136475.2, AL161646.1, AC245297.3, LINC00578, LINC01871, AP000442.2) were selected for establishment of the risk prediction model. The OS of patients in the low-risk group was higher than that of patients in the high-risk group (p = 1.215e - 06 in the training set; p = 0.0069 in the validation set; p = 1.233e - 07 in whole cohort). The time-dependent ROC curve analysis revealed that the AUCs for OS in the first, eighth, and tenth year were 0.812, 0.81, and 0.857, respectively, in the training set, 0.615, 0.68, 0.655 in the validation set, and 0.725, 0.742, 0.741 in the total cohort. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated the model was a reliable and independent indicator for the prognosis of breast cancer in the training set (HR = 1.432; 95% CI 1.204-1.702, p < 0.001), validation set (HR = 1.162; 95% CI 1.004-1.345, p = 0.044), and whole set (HR = 1.240; 95% CI 1.128-1.362, p < 0.001). GSEA analysis revealed a strong connection between the signature and immune-related biological processes and pathways.
We constructed and verified a robust signature of 8 immune-related lncRNAs for the prediction of breast cancer patient survival.
IntroductionMany patients with frontal brain damage show serious cognitive function deficits, which hamper their quality of life and result in poor clinical outcomes. Preclinical research has shown ...that sulforaphane can significantly improve spatial localisation and working memory impairment after brain injury. The primary aim of this double-blind randomised controlled clinical trial is to assess the efficacy of sulforaphane for improving cognitive function in patients with frontal brain damage.Methods and analysisNinety eligible patients will be randomly allocated to an active treatment or a placebo group in a 2:1 ratio. Participants will undergo a series of cognitive and neuropsychiatric tests at baseline (week 0) and after 12 weeks to determine the effect of sulforaphane on cognition. Magnetic resonance spectrum of the brain will be studied using the 3T MRIs of the brain to detect brain metabolites markers, including N-acetyl aspartate, glutamate (Glu), glutathione (GSH) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Blood brain-derived neurotrophic factor, Glu, GSH and GABA levels and gut microbiota will also be assessed over this period. This study will also evaluate long-term outcomes of brain trauma, brain tumours and cerebrovascular disease via exploratory analyses. The primary outcome will be the difference in scores of a battery of cognitive tests after 12 weeks of sulforaphane treatment. The secondary outcomes will be changes in the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, the changes in T1-weighted MRI and resting-state functional MRI findings, and changes in brain and blood metabolic markers and gut microbiota at weeks 0 and 12. We expect that sulforaphane will yield favourable results in treating memory and learning deficits for patients with frontal brain damage. Cognitive functional treatment may also improve brain trauma, brain tumours and cerebrovascular outcomes.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol has been approved by the Medical Ethics committee of the Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (No. 2017121019). The results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and at international conferences.Trial registration numberThis trial was registered on Clinicaltrials.gov on 31 January 2020 (NCT04252261). The protocol version is V.1.0 (20 December 2019).
Rationale:
Accumulating evidence demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in the regulation of the immune system and displayed a cell-type-specific pattern in immune cell subsets. ...Given the vital role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in effective immunotherapy, we explored the tumor-infiltrating immune cell-associated lncRNA (TIIClncRNA) in low-grade glioma (LGG), which has never been uncovered yet.
Methods:
This study utilized a novel computational framework and 10 machine learning algorithms (101 combinations) to screen out TIIClncRNAs by integratively analyzing the sequencing data of purified immune cells, LGG cell lines, and bulk LGG tissues.
Results:
The established TIIClnc signature based on the 16 most potent TIIClncRNAs could predict outcomes in public datasets and the Xiangya in-house dataset with decent efficiency and showed better performance when compared with 95 published signatures. The TIIClnc signature was strongly correlated to immune characteristics, including microsatellite instability, tumor mutation burden, and interferon γ, and exhibited a more active immunologic process. Furthermore, the TIIClnc signature predicted superior immunotherapy response in multiple datasets across cancer types. Notably, the positive correlation between the TIIClnc signature and CD8, PD-1, and PD-L1 was verified in the Xiangya in-house dataset.
Conclusions:
The TIIClnc signature enabled a more precise selection of the LGG population who were potential beneficiaries of immunotherapy.
Regenerative medicine mainly relies on heterologous transplantation, often hindered by sample availability and ethical issues. Furthermore, patients are required to take immunosuppressive medications ...to prevent adverse side effects. Stem cell-derived 3D-organoid culture has provided new alternatives for transplantation and regenerative medicine. Scholars have combined organoids with tissue engineering technology to improve reproducibility, the accuracy of constitution and throughput, and genetic correction to achieve a more personalized therapy. Here, we review the available applications of organoids in regenerative medicine and the current challenges concerning this field.
The addition of Ni3+ ions causes a change in the electron distribution of surrounding ions, which further lead to the decreased diffusion energy barrier and increased adsorption energy of Na+ ions. ...The above factors make P2-Na0.67Mn0.45Ni2+0.12Ni3+0.10Co0.33O2 (Ni-R1) get a higher and stable specific capacity of 114 mA h/g in the voltage range of 2.0–4.25 V, with a capacity retention ration of 80% after 1000 cycles. It provides a new idea for development of a practical sodium ion battery.
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For transition metal oxide materials, high Ni content is an effective method to obtain a high specific capacity. However, the theoretical capacity is determined due to the certain amount of variable charges of transition metal ions. The increased capacity in specific voltage window may attribute to the easier transport of alkali ions, instead of more active elements. Borrowing the theory of Ni-rich materials in LIB, excess Ni elements were added into P2-type layered oxide material to form the Jahn-Teller active Ni3+ ions. About 25%-61% Ni3+ ions can effectively promote de-/intercalation of Na+ ions due to the decreased diffusion energy barrier and increased adsorption energy of Na+. The preferred “Ni-rich” material Na0.67Mn0.45Ni0.22Co0.33O2 (Ni-R1) shows a reversible specific capacity of 114 mA h g−1 in the voltage range of 2.0–4.25 V. In addition, it shows an excellent cycle stability, the capacity retention ration is 80% after 1000 cycles at a current density of 1 A g−1. The in-depth study proves that, Jahn-Teller active Ni3+ ions can effectively regulate the valence electron distribution of surrounding ions in synthesis stage. However, it will promote Jahn-Teller distortion when the Ni3+ content is increased to 74%, which makes the rate performance deteriorate dramatically. The present work provides a simple and efficient way to increase the capacity in suitable voltage range for application.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has presented numerous challenges to public health, including the emergence of subjective dry eye symptoms among individuals. However, there is ...currently a dearth of comprehensive knowledge regarding the associated factors with subjective dry eye symptoms in the general population.
A nationwide survey in China was carried out from 20 June to 31 August 2022, involving 21 916 participants. Subjective dry eye symptoms were assessed using the Ocular Surface Disease Index-6. We employed random forest classification to select potential associated factors based on the socioecological model. We also conducted univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses to explore the factors associated with subjective dry eye symptoms. Network analyses were employed to explore the network structure of subjective dry eye symptoms and associated factors.
The item "watching TV (or similar task)" displayed the highest node strength and exhibited the highest predictability within the network. The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated significant associations between subjective dry eye symptoms and several factors, including loneliness (odds ratio (OR) = 1.29; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.26 to 1.32), problematic Internet use (OR = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.08 to 1.09), family communication (OR = 1.01; 95% CI = 1.00 to 1.01), the presence of depression (OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.39 to 1.68) and anxiety (OR = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.17 to 1.47) symptoms, older age (OR = 1.01; 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.01), self-rated health status (OR = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.98 to 0.99), family health (OR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.96 to 0.97), health literacy (OR = 0.98; 95% CI = 0.97 to 0.99) and the agreeableness personality trait (OR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.95 to 0.99).
These findings have important implications for public health interventions targeting the prevention and management of subjective dry eye symptoms in the general population. Strategies addressing individual risk factors and supporting psychological well-being may prove beneficial in mitigating the burden associated with subjective dry eye symptoms.
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