The deployment of low earth orbits is seen as a promising way of enlarging data capacities as well as high data rates. Catering to these interests, optical communication presents possible ways of ...larger bandwidth than microwave communication. The current generation of mainstream communication systems are classified as coherent systems and incoherent systems, and in particular, coherent systems have received more attention owing to their high receiving sensitivity. This study investigates a digital coherent transceiver, based on binary phase-shift keying technology. As coherent demodulation will be affected by considering the Doppler shift effect in digital demodulation, Doppler shift of ± GHz can be compensated by adopting a two-stage frequency offset compensation. Moreover, by leveraging a fast filtering algorithm a considerable amount of resource consumption is saved in its engineering implementation, and its sensitivity can be significantly enhanced
via
a high-speed parallel error-correction codec based on low-density parity-check technology.
Laser cooling and precision laser spectroscopy of highly charged ions are considered as frontiers of atomic physics research at heavy ion storage rings. A brief overview of the fundamentals of these ...powerful methods, applied to relativistic stored ion beams, is given. Preliminary results from laser cooling of lithium-like
16
O
5+
ion beams at a relativistic energy of 275.7 MeV/u at the heavy-ion storage ring CSRe are presented and prospects for upcoming experiments at the future facility HIAF are discussed.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between chronic smoking and insulin resistance and β-cell function in Chinese men without diabetes. A total of 1,568 participants were recruited ...by multistage sampling. Using homeostatic model assessment (HOMA), geometric means of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-β) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by general linear model. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CI were estimated to evaluate the associations between smoking status and insulin resistance and β-cell deficiency under a logistic regression model. Current smokers had higher levels of 2 h glucose (6.66 versus 6.48 mmol/L) for oral glucose tolerance test and lower levels of fasting insulin (5.68 versus 6.03 mU/L) than never smokers. The adjusted means for HOMA-β (%) were 54.86 in current smokers and 58.81 in never smokers (P=0.0257). Current smoking was associated with β-cell deficiency (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.01–1.64) compared to never smoking. The β-cell function gradually decreased with increasing smoking intensity (Ptrend=0.0026), and the differences were statistically significant when the pack-year of smoking was 20 or above. No association was observed between smoking status and HOMA-IR. Our study suggested that chronic smoking may dose-dependently suppress insulin secretion in Chinese men.
•The PANI/Fe3+ films were synthesized by CV on stainless steel wire mesh.•The growth rate of PANI/Fe3+ films were greatly increased.•The PANI/Fe3+ films show a larger specific capacitance and lower ...resistance.•The relationship between electrochemical properties of a serious of transition metal ions doped PANI and the ratio of electronic affinity and ionic radius (Ea/r) has also been researched.
H+ and Fe3+ ions co–doped polyaniline were synthesized by cyclic voltammetry onto the stainless steel mesh with various concentration of ferric chloride (FeCl3·6H2O) in electrolyte. The structure and morphology of PANI and PANI/Fe3+ films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT–IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. The electrochemical properties of PANI and PANI/Fe3+ films were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in 0.5molL−1 H2SO4 electrolyte in three–electrode system. The PANI/0.2M Fe3+ film shows a larger specific capacitance of 602F g−1 at a current density of 3mA/cm2 and lower resistance compared with the pure PANI film. The relationship between electrochemical properties of a serious of transition metal ions doped PANI/Mn+ (Mn+=Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Fe3+) films and the ratio of electronic affinity and ionic radius (Ea/r) has also been researched.
Nitrogen-doped graphene/Co–Ni layered double hydroxide (RGN/Co–Ni LDH) is synthesized by a facile co-precipitation method. Transmission electron microscopy images indicated that the formation of ...Co–Ni(OH)
2
nanoflakes with the good dispersion anchored on the surfaces of the nitrogen-doped graphene sheets. The nitrogen-doped graphene composites delivered the enhanced electrochemical performances compared to the pure Co–Ni LDH due to the improved electronic conductivity and its hierarchical layer structures. The high specific capacitance of 2092 F g
−1
at current density of 5 mA cm
−2
and the rate retention of 86.5% at current density of 5–50 mA cm
−2
are achieved by RGN/Co–Ni LDH, higher than that of pure Co–Ni LDH (1479 F g
−1
and 76.5%). Moreover, the two-electrode asymmetric supercapacitor, with the RGN/Co–Ni LDH composites as the positive electrode and active carbon as the negative electrode material, exhibits energy density of 49.4 Wh kg
−1
and power density of 101.97 W kg
−1
at the current density of 5 mA cm
−2
, indicating the composite has better capacitive behavior.
To avoid the lack of unified physical significance of the random combination of characteristic parameters, four characteristic parameters with potential energy distribution were selected to predict ...the phase selection of three type of amorphous alloys (AM), solid solution alloys (SS) and high entropy alloys containing intermetallic compounds (IM) by artificial neural network (ANN) in machine learning. To improve the prediction accuracy, the combination of three different parameters can be used to predict the phase of AM and IM alloys, and the combination of four different parameters can be used to predict the phase of SS alloys. The mean square error (MSE) describes the error between the real value and the predicted value, which directly affects the prediction accuracy. For the AM and IM alloys, the partial three parameter combinations with the lowest MSE values have highest prediction accuracy, for SS alloys, the four parameter combination with the lowest MSE value has highest prediction accuracy. The correlation coefficient (R) is used to evaluate the fitting effect of the model. Based on the correspondence between the R values and the prediction accuracy, it can be concluded that the current ANN model is accurate in predicting the phase selection of three type of alloys, and is the good learning model. The sensitivity matrix (S) calculated according to the weight (w) is an important parameter that affects the prediction accuracy. The S values of the atomic size difference (δ) have a greater impact on the phases of AM, SS and IM alloys; however, the corresponding S values of mixing enthalpy (ΔHm) in the AM and SS alloys have the weak influence.
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•Four parameters were selected to predict phases of three types alloys.•Three parameter combination were used to predict phases of AM and IM alloys.•For AM and IM alloys, partial three parameter combinations have highest prediction accuracy.•Current ANN model is accurate in predicting phases of three type of alloys.
To avoid the lack of unified physical significance of the random combination of characteristic parameters, and to solve the problem that there are many factors influencing the phase selection by multiple parameters, four characteristic parameters with potential energy distribution were selected to predict the phase selection of three type of amorphous alloys (AM), solid solution alloys (SS) and high entropy alloys containing intermetallic compounds (IM) by artificial neural network (ANN) in machine learning. To improve the prediction accuracy, the combination of three different parameters can be used to predict the phase of AM and IM alloys, and the combination of four different parameters can be used to predict the phase of SS alloys. For the AM and IM alloys, the partial three parameter combinations with the lowest mean square error (MSE) values have highest prediction accuracy, for SS alloys, the four parameter combination with the lowest MSE value has highest prediction accuracy. Based on the correspondence between the correlation coefficient (R) values and the prediction accuracy, it can be concluded that the current ANN model is accurate in predicting the phase selection of three type of alloys, and is the good learning model. The sensitivity matrix (S) values indicate that the atomic size difference (δ) have a greater impact on the phases of AM, SS and IM alloys; however, the corresponding S values of mixing enthalpy (ΔHm) in the AM and SS alloys have the weak influence. The current learning model and the combination of three or four characteristic parameters can predict the AM and SS phase varified by X-ray diffraction of new Ti-Cu-Ni-Zr (AM) and Fe-Co-Ni-Cu-Ti (SS) alloys, thus accelerating the composition design and phase composition selection of new alloys.
•Total of 59 DcCsl proteins were identified in D. catenatum.•DcCslG3b involved in regulating polysaccharide biosynthesis in D. catenatum.•Overexpression of DcCslG3b reduces the water loss rate of ...tobacco leaves.
Dendrobium catenatum is a well-known ornamental and medicinal plant producing polysaccharide as the main active ingredient. Cellulose synthase-like (Csl) genes encode glycosyltransferases that are involved in polysaccharide synthases, influencing plant growth development. However, the Csl gene family has not yet been systematically cataloged in D. catenatum. Here, a total of 59 Csl genes were identified in D. catenatum and classified into A-J subgroups. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that nine DcCsl genes were differentially expressed in two varieties (‘Green’ and ‘Red’). The DcCslG3b showed high expression in D. catenatum ‘Green’, which was positively correlated with the polysaccharide content. DcCslG3b, localized in the endoplasmic reticulum, was significantly increased in leaves or stems of D. catenatum under drought and low-temperature treatment, respectively. Co-expression network and promoter cis-element analysis indicated that the ERF2 is potential transcription factor of DcCslG3b. Furthermore, the transient expression of DcCslG3b remarkably reduced water loss rate of tobacco leaves, thus might result in drought tolerance of plants. This study will lead to a better understanding of Csl-mediated polysaccharide synthesis and abiotic stress response in D. catenatum.
Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) has been the third leading cause of hospital-acquired AKI. Retinoic acid (RA), the main derivative of vitamin A, has preventative and therapeutic effects ...in ischemia-reperfusion-AKI and UUO models, but little is known about its effects on CI-AKI. This study aimed to explore the effects of RA on CI-AKI as well as the underlying mechanisms.
We established a new miniature pig model of CI-AKI by catheterizing the external jugular vein and injecting a single dose of iohexol after dehydration. Bun, Scr, serum and urinary RBP and β-MG levels were measured. Renal histological, TEM examination, LDH assays, TUNEL assays, GFP-LC3 plasmid transfection and western blotting were performed.
The levels of Bun, Scr, serum and urinary RBP and β-MG were increased after CI-AKI and decreased by RA pretreatment. The renal histology showed foamy degeneration and dilated tubules after CI-AKI, and the tissue damage was alleviated significantly by RA pretreatment. RA mitigated renal fibrosis after CI-AKI. In vitro, RA protected proximal TECs against iohexol-induced injury. RA inhibited TECs apoptosis and activated autophagy in vivo and in vitro.
RA alleviates CI-AKI and mitigates renal fibrosis after CI-AKI. Autophagy activation and apoptosis inhibition are involved in the protective effect of RA on CI-AKI. RA may be a new agent for the prevention and therapeutic treatment of CI-AKI in the future.
•Retinoc acid allivates contrast-induced acute kidney injury in the miniature pigs and kidney epithelial cells.•Retinoc acid mitigates renal fibrosis after contrast-induced kidney injury in the miniature pigs.•Retinoc acid activates autophagy and inhibits apoptosis in the miniature pigs and kidney epithelial cells.
In view of the problem of inaccurate segmentation of thyroid nodule ultrasound images, a method of thyroid nodule ultrasound image segmentation based on joint up-sampling is proposed. In order to ...solve the problem of serious speckle noise in the original ultrasound data, preprocessing is performed to enhance the contrast between the nodule area and the background area. In order to achieve accurate positioning of the nodule target area, a joint up-sampling module is designed to fuse the context information of ordinary standard convolution and expansion convolution with different expansion coefficients. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves 93.19% accuracy and dice similarity coefficient is 0.8558, which is better than other existing thyroid nodule segmentation network models.
A new strategy to prepare the NiO/Al2O3-ZrO2 catalyst with various interfacial structures by inducing different phase transitions of Al2O3 and ZrO2 via varying the precursor calcination temperature ...was proposed, and their CO2 methanation performance was subsequently investigated. The characterization of the catalyst showed that Ni was prone to bonding with Al ion during the calcination process and forming NiAl2O4 or strong interaction between Al2O3 and NiO. The reduced metallic nickel (Ni0) and partially unreduced NiAl2O4 exist in the state of Ni-NiAl2O4/Al2O3-ZrO2, forming a multi-interface system of Ni-O-Al, Al-O-Zr, and Ni-O-Zr. Moreover, this supplies medium-strength adsorption sites that play a key role in CO2 activation. The in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (in-situ DRIFTS) analysis and catalytic activity revealed that the CO2 methanation was completed in a two-step coupling route of Reverse Water Gas Shift (RWGS) and CO methanation. The abundant interfaces of the catalyst effectively suppressed the sintering of Ni.
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•NiO/Al2O3-ZrO2 catalyst precursor was prepared by using amorphous Al2O3-ZrO2•Ni NPs was redispersion during the calcination process and prone to bonding with Al ion.•Multi-interface system was obtained on N/AZ700 catalyst though calcined at 700 °C.•Medium-strength adsorption sites play a key role in CO2 activation.•CO2 methanation achieved via coupling of RWGS and CO methanation on N/AZ700 catalyst.
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