Considering that the traditional local-world evolving network model cannot fully reflect the characteristics of real-world power grids, this Letter proposes a new evolving model based on geographical ...location clusters. The proposed model takes into account the geographical locations and degree values of nodes, and the growth process is in line with the characteristics of the power grid. Compared with the characteristics of real-world power grids, the results show that the proposed model can simulate the degree distribution of China's power grids when the number of nodes is small. When the number of nodes exceeds 800, our model can simulate the USA western power grid's degree distribution. And the average distances and clustering coefficients of the proposed model are close to that of the real world power grids. All these properties confirm the validity and rationality of our model.
Over the years, Alisma Shugan Decoction (ASD), because of its potent anti-inflammation activity, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treatment of many inflammation-associated ...disorders including those of the heart, blood vessel and brain.
Herein, we examined the probable therapeutic effect of ASD in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury and fibrosis mice models.
Our results demonstrate that ASD dose-dependently reduced the fibrosis-related increased collagen deposition secondary to liver tissue exposure to CCl4. Data from our biochemical analyses showed significantly less liver damage biomarkers including ALT, AST and hydroxyproline in the ASD-treated samples, suggesting hepato-protective effect of ASD. Furthermore, we demonstrated that treatment with ASD significantly reversed CCl4-induced elevation of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and MP-1. Interestingly, NF-κB signalling, a principal regulator of inflammation was markedly suppressed by ASD treatment. In addition, treatment with ASD deregulated stress signalling pathways by suppressing the expression of markers of unfolded protein response, such as ATF6, IRE and GRP78.
In conclusion, the present study provides preclinical evidence for the use of ASD as an efficacious therapeutic option in cases of chemical-induced liver damage and/or fibrosis. Further large-cohort validation of these findings is warranted.
Background： Open surgery is the preferred approach for the treatment of type D lesions according to the Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus （TASC） Ⅱ guideline, but endovascular solutions also ...appear to be a valid option in selected patients. The study aimed to identify the risk factors ofrestenosis after open and endovascular reconstruction of symptomatic TASC Ⅱ D aortoiliac occlusive lesions （AIOLs）. Methods： Fifty-six patients （82 limbs） who underwent open repair and endovascular treatment （ET） for symptomatic TASC II D AlOEs between March 2005 and December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Baseline characteristics, preoperative and postoperative imaging, and operation procedure reports were reviewed and analyzed. Restenosis after revascularization was assessed by duplex ultrasound or computed tomography angiogram. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, Log-rank test, and multivariate Cox regression were used to evaluate the relevance between risk factors and patency. Results： The mean duration of follow-up was 42.8 ± 23.5 months （ranging from 3 to 90 months）. Primary patency rates at 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7-year were 93.6%, 89.3%, 87.0%, and 70.3%, respectively. Restenosis after revascularization occurred in 1 ） limbs. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the Log-rank test revealed that diabetes, Rutherford classification ≥5^th and concurrent femoropopliteal TASC Ⅱ type C/D lesions were significantly related to the duration of primary patency. According to the result of Cox regression, diabetes and femoropopliteal TASC Ⅱ type C/D lesions were identified as the risk factors for restenosis after revascularization. Conclusion： This study demonstrated that diabetes and femoropopliteal TASC Ⅱ type C/D lesions are risk factors associated with restenosis after open and ET of TASC Ⅱ D AlOEs.
In the present study, four new sesquiterpenoids, chimonols A–D (compounds 1–4), together with four known compounds (5–8) were isolated from the EtOAc extract of Chimonanthus praecox Link. The ...structures of these new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic techniques (UV, IR, MS, and 1D and 2D NMR), and their absolute configurations were established by comparing experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compounds 1–8 were evaluated for antimicrobial activities and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by the broth microdilution method in 96-well culture plates. Compounds 1, 2, and 7 exhibited weak antibacterial effects for S. aureus (ATCC 6538), E. coli (ATCC 11775), and P. aeruginosa (ATCC 10145) with MIC values being 158–249 µg·mL−1. Compounds 3–7 showed activities against C. glabrata (ATCC 2001) and S. aureus (ATCC 43300) with MIC values being 128–197 µg·mL−1. Compounds 1–4 showed activity against S. aureus (ATCC 25923) with MIC values being 162–254 µg·mL−1. The present study provided a basis for future evaluation of these compounds as antibacterial agents.
Magnesium-based hydrides have been widely recognized as an appropriate choice for solid-state hydrogen storage. However, its undesirable thermodynamics and sluggish hydrogenation/dehydrogenation ...kinetics are major bottlenecks for its application. Herein, a highly stable and highly dispersed Ni-based catalyst (Ni/Al
2
O
3
/GN) was fabricated to promote the hydrogen storage performance of MgH
2
via the electrostatic effect of NiAl-LDH/GN precursor with a co-calcination reduction process. MgH
2
-5 wt% Ni/Al
2
O
3
/GN exhibits excellent hydrogen storage performance, releasing about 5.7 wt% hydrogen in 3500 s at 250 °C, and can reach a saturation hydrogen absorption of about 6.15 wt% in 3000 s at 100 °C. Furthermore, it also shows low dehydrogenation apparent activation energy of 89.1 and 118.2 kJ·mol
−1
. Impressively, the catalyst ensures the stability of both the physical phase and structure during ball milling and cycling process. The role of each phase in Ni/Al
2
O
3
/GN on the hydrogen storage performance of MgH
2
was also discussed through experiments and theoretical calculation, and the synergistic catalytic mechanism of Ni/Al
2
O
3
/GN was clearly elaborated. This work provides a unique perspective for the preparation of highly stable and highly dispersible catalysts.
Graphical Abstract
To investigate the 29-year (1985–2014) trends in body dimensions and physical fitness test performances among 12-year-old Chinese children living in urban and rural areas.
The data were from the ...findings of seven cross-sectional surveys from the Chinese National Survey on Students’ Constitution and Health. In the seven surveys, there were 34,238; 11,664; 17,485; 18,057; 19,254; 17,962; and 17,906 children, respectively. Anthropometric measurements and physical fitness performances of 12-year-old Chinese children living in rural and urban areas were analyzed. Polynomial models were used to analyze trends in test performances. Analysis of variance was used to assess the urban–rural differentials.
The height and weight of both urban and rural children substantially increased from 1985 to 2014. Urban children were taller and heavier than rural children. A slight narrowing of the urban–rural differential in height was observed. The disparity in weight increased from 1985 to 2000 and decreased thereafter. Urban children performed better in most of the physical fitness tests examined, such as standing long jump, 50-m run, and sit-ups. The urban–rural disparity decreased from 1985 to 2014 in 50-m run, standing long jump, and sit-up score; the largest difference in 10 × 50 m run and pull-up score was observed in 2000 and 2005, respectively.
There was a general decline in physical fitness in both urban and rural children after 2000. Urgent, targeted actions need to be taken by public health policy officials and parents to maintain or improve the physical fitness of children.
Ubiquitin (Ub) extension proteins (UEPs) are fusion proteins of a Ub at the N terminus to a ribosomal protein. They are the main source of Ub and the only source of extension ribosomal protein. ...Although important roles of the Ub-26S proteasome system in various biological processes have been well established, direct evidence for the role of
genes in plant defense is rarely reported. In this study, we cloned a Ub-S27a-type
gene (
) from
and demonstrated its function in cell death and disease resistance. Virus-induced gene silencing of
led to intensive cell death, culminating in whole-seedling withering. Transient RNA interference (RNAi) of
caused strong cell death in infiltrated areas, while stable
RNAi tobacco plants constitutively formed necrotic lesions in leaves.
RNAi plants exhibited increased resistance to the oomycete
and viruses
and
while displaying decreased resistance to the nematode
compared with non-RNAi control plants. Transcription profiling analysis indicated that jasmonate and ethylene pathways, lipid metabolism, copper amine oxidase-mediated active species generation, glycine-rich proteins, vacuolar processing enzyme- and RD21-mediated cell death and defense regulation, and autophagy might be associated with
mediated cell death and resistance. Our results provided evidence for the important roles of plant UEPs in modulating plant cell death and disease resistance.
The adsorption behavior of ion exchange resin D301 in the extraction of hexavalent molybdenum from high acidic leach solution was investigated. SEM, EDS and Raman spectra analyses were applied to ...studying the adsorption capacity, reaction kinetics and possible adsorption mechanism in detail. Results showed that the adsorption capacity of D301 resin for molybdenum from high acidic leach solution was up to 463.63 mg/g. Results of the kinetic analysis indicated that the adsorption process was controlled by the particle diffusion with the activation energy 25.47 kJ/mol (0.9α1.2 mm) and 20.38 kJ/mol (0.6α0.9 mm). Furthermore, the molybdenum loaded on the resin could be eluted by using 2 mol/L ammonia hydroxide solution. Besides, dynamic continuous column experiments verified direct extraction of molybdenum from acidic leach solutions by ion exchange resin D301 and the upstream flow improved dynamic continuous absorption.
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