Marine environment monitoring has attracted more and more attention due to the growing concern about climate change. During the past couple of decades, advanced information and communication ...technologies have been applied to the development of various marine environment monitoring systems. Among others, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been playing an important role in this area. This paper presents a review of the application of the Internet of Things in the field of marine environment monitoring. New technologies including advanced Big Data analytics and their applications in this area are briefly reviewed. It also discusses key research challenges and opportunities in this area, including the potential application of IoT and Big Data in marine environment protection.
With the rapid development of society and the economy, an increasing number of human activities have gradually destroyed the marine environment. Marine environment monitoring is a vital problem and ...has increasingly attracted a great deal of research and development attention. During the past decade, various marine environment monitoring systems have been developed. The traditional marine environment monitoring system using an oceanographic research vessel is expensive and time-consuming and has a low resolution both in time and space. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have recently been considered as potentially promising alternatives for monitoring marine environments since they have a number of advantages such as unmanned operation, easy deployment, real-time monitoring, and relatively low cost. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art technologies in the field of marine environment monitoring using wireless sensor networks. It first describes application areas, a common architecture of WSN-based oceanographic monitoring systems, a general architecture of an oceanographic sensor node, sensing parameters and sensors, and wireless communication technologies. Then, it presents a detailed review of some related projects, systems, techniques, approaches and algorithms. It also discusses challenges and opportunities in the research, development, and deployment of wireless sensor networks for marine environment monitoring.
Sensitivity is an important parameter of molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensors, and various methods have been extensively investigated to improve this parameter. This review focuses on recent ...reports about different methods that can enhance the sensitivity of these sensors. To a great extent, the sensitivity of the molecularly imprinted sensor is limited by the number of cavities formed in a molecularly imprinted polymer on an electrode after elution. To enhance sensitivity and fabricate sensing devices, researchers employ signal amplification by labels, amplification by functional materials doped in imprinted membranes, sensitive film amplification, and other methods. Some perspectives in this research area, current problems, and challenges are also outlined.
Sensitivity is a critical issue of the performance of molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensors. This review focuses on recent reports of methods that can enhance their sensitivity. Perspectives in this research area, current problems, and challenges are also outlined. Display omitted
•Different methods for improving sensitivity of molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensors were overviewed.•Amplification strategies were discussed and divided into three categories.•Inherent advantages and limitations of these strategies for bioanalysis were discussed.•Prospects of highly sensitive molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensors were assessed.
A versatile method for selectively synthesizing single-crystalline rhombic dodecahedral, cubic, and octahedral palladium nanocrystals, as well as their derivatives with varying degrees of edge- and ...corner-truncation, was reported for the first time. This is also the first report regarding the synthesis of rhombic dodecahedral palladium nanocrystals. All the nanocrystals were readily synthesized by a seed-mediated method with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as surfactant, KI as additive, and ascorbic acid as reductant. At the same ascorbic acid concentration, a series of palladium nanocrystals with varying shapes were obtained through manipulation of the concentration of KI and the reaction temperature. The formation of different palladium facets were correlated with their growth conditions. In the absence of KI, the {100} palladium facets are favored. In the presence of KI, the concentration of KI and the reaction temperature play an important role on the formation of different palladium facets. The {110} palladium facets are favored at relatively high temperatures and medium KI concentrations. The {111} palladium facets are favored at relatively low temperatures and medium KI concentrations. The {100} palladium facets are favored at either very low or relatively high KI concentrations. These correlations were explained in terms of surface-energy and growth kinetics. These results provide a basis for gaining mechanistic insights into the growth of well-faceted metal nanostructures.
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► The shapes of metal nanocrystals depend on their internal and external structures. ► An overview of representative strategies for crystallographic control is given. ► Enhanced ...properties of metal nanocrystals by crystallographic control are introduced.
This review provides an overview of recent developments in the controlled synthesis of well-defined noble metal nanocrystals from the viewpoint of crystallographic control. Discussions are focused on the relationship between the shapes of noble metal nanocrystals and their internal and external crystal structures. Representative strategies for the crystallographic control of noble metal nanocrystals are introduced and discussed from the aspects of internal and external crystallographic control. Typical examples of the enhanced properties of noble metal nanocrystals by crystallographic control are highlighted.
Electroanalysis has obtained considerable progress over the past few years, especially in the field of electrochemical sensors. Broadly speaking, electrochemical sensors include not only conventional ...electrochemical biosensors or non‐biosensors, but also emerging electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensors and photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors which are both combined with optical methods. In addition, various electrochemical sensing devices have been developed for practical purposes, such as multiplexed simultaneous detection of disease‐related biomarkers and non‐invasive body fluid monitoring. For the further performance improvement of electrochemical sensors, material is crucial. Recent years, a kind of two‐dimensional (2D) nanomaterial MXene containing transition metal carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides, with unique structural, mechanical, electronic, optical, and thermal properties, have attracted a lot of attention form analytical chemists, and widely applied in electrochemical sensors. Here, we reviewed electrochemical sensors based on MXene from Nov. 2014 (when the first work about electrochemical sensor based on MXene published) to Mar. 2021, dividing them into different types as electrochemical biosensors, electrochemical non‐biosensors, electrochemiluminescence sensors, photoelectrochemical sensors and flexible sensors. We believe this review will be of help to those who want to design or develop electrochemical sensors based on MXene, hoping new inspirations could be sparked.
Solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs) have the advantages of easy miniaturization, even chip integration, easy carrying, strong stability, and more favorable detection in complex ...environments. They have been widely used in conjunction with portable, wearable, and intelligent detection devices, as well as in on-site analysis and timely monitoring in the fields of environment, industry, and medicine. This article provides a comprehensive review of the composition of sensors based on redox capacitive and double-layer capacitive SC-ISEs, as well as the ion–electron transduction mechanisms in the solid-contact (SC) layer, particularly focusing on strategies proposed in the past three years (since 2021) for optimizing the performance of SC-ISEs. These strategies include the construction of ion-selective membranes, SC layer, and conductive substrates. Finally, the future research direction and possibilities in this field are discussed and prospected.
Metal nanoclusters (NCs), including Au, Ag, Cu, Pt, Ni and alloy NCs, have become more and more popular sensor probes with good solubility, biocompatibility, size-dependent luminescence and ...catalysis. The development of electrochemiluminescent (ECL) and chemiluminescent (CL) analytical methods based on various metal NCs have become research hotspots. To improve ECL and CL performances, many strategies are proposed, from metal core to ligand, from intermolecular electron transfer to intramolecular electron transfer. Combined with a variety of amplification technology, i.e., nanostructure-based enhancement and biological signal amplification, highly sensitive ECL and CL analytical methods are developed. We have summarized the research progresses since 2016. Also, we discuss the current challenges and perspectives on the development of this area.
Lucigenin-riboflavin chemiluminescence is reported for the first time. Moreover, most dopamine chemiluminescence (CL) detection methods are based on the quenching of CL by dopamine. In contrast, we ...find that dopamine can significantly enhance lucigenin/riboflavin CL and establish a highly sensitive turn-on method for dopamine detection based on the enhancement of lucigenin/riboflavin CL. Under the optimal conditions, the CL intensity of the lucigenin/riboflavin system increased linearly with the concentration of dopamine in the range of 0.0056–55.56 μM, and the limit of detection is 1.87 nM.
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common tumor in females and is responsible for tens of thousands of deaths each year. Globally, BC is responsible for 6.6% of all cancer-related mortalities in 2018. ...Mammography, tissue biopsies, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the most effective tools for the diagnosis of BC. Although these diagnostic ways produce promising outcomes, they are severely constrained by the need for an expensive setup, painful process (biopsy), professional supervision, and expert analysis and they are not suitable for all ages of females. Electrochemical screening platforms for the early diagnosis of different forms of tumors and other abnormalities have recently received significant interest owing to their multiple benefits, for instance, excellent selectivity, cost-effectiveness, non-invasive process, and easy interpretation of results. In the current review, we discuss different types of BC biomarkers (genomic, proteomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic biomarkers). We also present a comprehensive summary of the recent developments of various types of electrochemical diagnostic platforms (immunosensor, aptasensor, DNA probe assay, and molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor) that were proposed for the determination of different BC biomarkers over the past ten years (2012–2021). This review will open the way for the establishment of new electrochemical platforms for the screening of various BC biomarkers.
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•Ten years of progress of the electrochemical-based biosensors for the detection of BC biomarkers are summarized.•Different types of BC biomarkers are discussed.•Future challenges and prospects for designing the electrochemical biosensors are discussed.
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