High‐energy‐density lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are widely accepted as promising next‐generation energy storage systems. However, the safety features of practical LMBs are rarely explored ...quantitatively. Herein, the thermal runaway behaviors of a 3.26 Ah (343 Wh kg−1) Li | LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 pouch cell in the whole life cycle are quantitatively investigated by extended volume‐accelerating rate calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. By thermal failure analyses on pristine cell with fresh Li metal, activated cell with once plated dendrites, and 20‐cycled cell with large quantities of dendrites and dead Li, dendrite‐accelerated thermal runaway mechanisms including reaction sequence and heat release contribution are reached. Suppressing dendrite growth and reducing the reactivity between Li metal anode and electrolyte at high temperature are effective strategies to enhance the safety performance of LMBs. These findings can largely enhance the understanding on the thermal runaway behaviors of Li metal pouch cells in practical working conditions.
The thermal runaway features of Li | NCM523 pouch cells (343 Wh kg−1) over the whole life cycle are analyzed quantitatively. The formation of large amounts of dendritic Li and SEI is observed as cycling depth increasing, leading to strong exothermic reactions between SEI components and LiPF6, dendritic Li and electrolytes.
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a pregnancy-specific liver disease associated with a high incidence of complications in the mid and late stages of gestation. This study investigates ...differences in the composition of intestinal flora among pregnant women diagnosed with ICP, employing Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology.
This case-control study obtained patient data from the hospital information system (HIS) and the laboratory information system (LIS). Fecal samples were collected from 25 pregnant women who did not undergo intestinal preparation before delivery between December 2020 and March 2021. Whole-genome analysis was performed. PCR was used to amplify the 16S rRNA V3–V4 variable region, which was then sequenced. Alpha and beta diversity were computed, and the maternal intestinal flora's abundance and composition characteristics were analyzed. Differences in intestinal flora between the two sample groups were examined.
Bacteroides and Proteobacteria exhibited positive correlations with TBIL and IBIL. Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Erysipeiotrichi showed positive correlations with TBIL, IBIL, and DBIL, while Lactobacillus, Delftia, and Odoribacter demonstrated positive correlations with ALT.
The ICP group displayed significantly higher levels of total bile acid and ALT compared to the control group. The intestinal flora composition comprised four primary phyla: Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria. ICP patients exhibited a lower relative abundance of intestinal flora across different levels of community composition when compared to the control group. Specific correlations between certain intestinal flora and clinical liver parameters were identified.
Recycling useful materials such as Ag, Al, Sn, Cu and Si from waste silicon solar cell chips is a sustainable project to slow down the ever-growing amount of waste crystalline-silicon photovoltaic ...panels. However, the recovery cost of the above-mentioned materials from silicon chips via acid-alkaline treatments outweights the gain economically. Herein, we propose a new proof-of-concept to fabricate Si-based anodes with waste silicon chips as raw materials. Nanoparticles from waste silicon chips were prepared with the high-energy ball milling followed by introducing carbon nanotubes and N-doped carbon into the nanoparticles, which amplifies the electrochemical properties. It is explored that Al and Ag elements influenced electrochemical performance respectively. The results showed that the Al metal in the composite possesses an adverse impact on the electrochemical performance. After removing Al, the composite was confirmed to possess a pronounced durable cycling property due to the presence of Ag, resulting in significantly more superior property than the composite having both Al and Ag removed.
The arrangement effects of two-dimension fillers in the composite protective layer were investigated and laminar vermiculite sheet was demonstrated to suppress dendrite piercing due to high Young’s ...modulus.
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A dual-layer vermiculite nanosheet based hybrid film can achieve a dendrite-free lithium metal anode.
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Lithium metal anode has become a favorable candidate for next-generation ...rechargeable batteries. However, the unstable interface between lithium metal and electrolyte leads to the growth of dendrites, resulting in the low Coulombic efficiency and even the safety concerns. Herein, a rigid-flexible dual-layer vermiculite nanosheet (VN) based organic-inorganic hybrid film on lithium metal anode is proposed to suppress dendrite growth and relieve volume fluctuations. The inner mechanically robust VN layer (3 μm thick) enhances the mechanical properties of the protective layer, while the outer polymer (4 μm thick) can enhance the flexibility of the hybrid layer. The Li | Li symmetric cell with protected lithium shows an extended life of over 670 h. The full cell with Li anode protected by dual-layer interface exhibits a better capacity retention of 80% after 174 cycles in comparison to bare Li anode with 94 cycles. This study provides a novel approach and a significant step towards prolonging lifespan of lithium metal batteries.
The activity of sweet taste receptor (heterodimeric T1R2 and T1R3) can be modulated by sweet regulators. The compound amiloride can inhibit the sweet sensitivity of the human sweet taste receptor. ...This study describes the species-dependent regulation of the response of sweet taste receptors by this sweet inhibitor. Amiloride inhibited the sweet taste response of humans and mice but not that of squirrel monkeys. Using human/squirrel monkey/mouse chimeric T1R2 and T1R3 receptors as well as the agonist perillartine (which can activate the single heptahelical domain of T1R2), we found that the heptahelical domain of T1R2 is the molecular determinant that mediates the species-dependent sensitivity to this sweet regulator. Compared to the sweet inhibitor lactisole (which acts on T1R3), amiloride has a different allosteric binding site on the sweet receptor, which is important new information for the design of novel sweet taste modulators that act on T1R2.
In this work, a series of theoretical methods were employed to investigate the reaction mechanisms of ribosomal peptide bond formation catalyzed by peptidyl transferase. For the studies described in ...this paper, reaction pathways and free energy barriers for the model reaction of the peptide bond synthesis were studied by performing Ab initio calculation. Two self-consistent reaction field (SCRF) methods were used to calculate of the whole reaction pathway. These results show that the present theoretical reaction mechanism is a potential and competitive one for the reaction modeling of the ribosomal peptide synthesis.
Study on Active Compounds of Apocynum venetum L Xu, Xiang Qun; Yang, Jie; Cheng, Ling ...
Applied Mechanics and Materials,
01/2014, Letnik:
496-500, Številka:
Frontiers of Manufacturing and Design Science IV
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Although Apocynum leaves have been used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, the study on active compounds of Apocynum venetum L. is little. In this paper,high performance liquid ...chromatography with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) were used for the active ingredient in qualitative analysis of Apocynum leaves, based on the information of the mass spectrum molecular ion peak M-and some characteristic fragment ions, and combined with UV spectral characteristics we initially speculated that Apocynum leaves water extract isolated to 10 components.
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