Research on the word-of-mouth intention of consumers has received increasing attention in hospitality research. However, little research has explored the effect of green image on the word-of-mouth ...intention of consumers and how this effect was mediated by green satisfaction and green trust. Based on the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) framework, this research examined the relationship between green image and the word-of-mouth intention of consumers in the Chinese green hotel industry and explored the mediating effects of green satisfaction and green trust. Considering that Millennials (a large and influential generation born in the 1980s and late 1990s) are extremely concerned about green issues, more concerned about the environment than previous generations, and a powerful source of word-of-mouth about products and services, this research also examined the moderating effect of Millennials. The questionnaire survey method was used to collect data from 324 respondents with the help of travel agencies to test these relationships. The results indicated that the green image of green hotels strongly influences consumer green satisfaction and green trust, and consumer green satisfaction has a significant effect on green trust. The consumers’ green satisfaction and green trust are positively related to their intention to recommend green hotels to individuals around them. Furthermore, significant moderating effects of Millennials were found in all paths between the investigated variables in the proposed model. The results also showed that female tourists are more likely than male tourists to recommend green hotels. The implications of these findings were discussed, and limitations and future research directions were suggested.
This paper provides the first meta-analytic examination of the relationship between leadership and followers' intrinsic motivation. In particular, we examined 6 leadership variables ...(transformational, ethical, leader-member exchange, servant, empowering, and abusive supervision) using data from 50 independent samples and 21,873 participants. We found that transformational leadership, ethical leadership, leader-member exchange (LMX), servant leadership, and empowering leadership were positively related to intrinsic motivation, whereas abusive supervision was negatively linked to intrinsic motivation. Although these leadership styles were associated with intrinsic motivation, they varied considerably in their relative importance. Empowering, ethical, and servant leadership emerged as the more important contributors to intrinsic motivation than transformational leadership. LMX showed a similar contribution with transformational leadership to intrinsic motivation. Effectiveness of leadership styles in relation to intrinsic motivation varied by power distance, publication year, and journal quality. Drawing on our findings, we discuss the theoretical and practice implications.
Colonocyte metabolism shapes the microbiome. Metabolites are the main mediators of information exchange between intestine and microbial communities. Arachidonic acid (AA) is an essential ...polyunsaturated fatty acid and its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unexplored. In this study, we show that AA feeding promotes tumor growth in AOM/DSS and intestinal specific Apc
mice via modulating the intestinal microecology of increased gram-negative bacteria. Delta-5 desaturase (FADS1), a rate-limiting enzyme, is upregulated in CRC and effectively mediates AA synthesis. Functionally, FADS1 regulates CRC tumor growth via high AA microenvironment-induced enriched gram-negative microbes. Elimination of gram-negative microbe abolishes FADS1 effect. Mechanistically, gram-negative microbes activate TLR4/MYD88 pathway in CRC cells that contributes FADS1-AA axis to metabolize to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Cumulatively, we report a potential cancer-promoting mechanism of FADS1-AA axis in CRC that converts raising synthesized AA to PGE2 via modulating the intestinal microecology of gram-negative.
Accumulating evidence from clinical and epidemiological studies has highlighted the close correlation between the individual risk of cancer and nervous system diseases. The expression of neuronal ...pentraxin 2 (NPTX2) is absent in Alzheimer's disease, anxiety, and depression. Herein, we found that NPTX2 mRNA and protein expression was significantly upregulated in colorectal carcinoma (CRC). NPTX2 expression level gradually increased with CRC progression and was closely associated with poor prognosis. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that NPTX2 promoted CRC proliferation and metastasis through the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. As NPTX2 receptors are absent on CRC cells, NPTX2 was shown to physically interact with frizzled class receptor 6 (FZD6) to promote β-catenin translocation into the cell nucleus, resulting in an increase in the expression of MYC, cyclin D1, snail, and N-cadherin along with a decrease in the expression of E-cadherin. Knockdown of FZD6 expression with a small-interfering RNA almost completely reversed the proliferative effects of NPTX2 on CRC development. In conclusion, NPTX2, a molecule related to nervous system diseases, promotes CRC cell proliferation and metastasis through the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via direct interaction with FZD6.
Previous studies only considered the impact of personal or environmental factors on intensive smartphone use separately, while largely ignoring the impact of person-environment (P-E) fit on it. ...Drawing on the P-E fit theory, we proposed that perceived overqualification (POQ), an indicator of person-job misfit, positively affects intensive smartphone use
job boredom, and affective commitment moderates this indirect effect. We examined our hypotheses using four-wave time-lag data of 450 workers from 62 teams. The results revealed that POQ raised job boredom of an individual and thus increased their intensive smartphone use. In addition, when the affective commitment was high, the indirect effect from POQ to intensive smartphone use
job boredom was weaker. The implications, limitations, and future directions of this research were discussed.
Aerobic glycolysis is a typical metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells, which contributes to the survival and proliferation of tumor cells. The underlying mechanisms controlling this metabolic switch ...in colorectal cancer (CRC), however, remain only partially understood.
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) (GDS4382, GSE6988, GSE35834) were used to analyzed the mRNA expression of THBS2. 392 paired samples of CRC and adjacent non-cancerous tissues were collected to detect the expression of THBS2 by IHC. The correlation of THBS2 expression with categorical clinical variables in patients with CRC was evaluated using chi-square analysis or Student's
-test. CCK-8, colony formation, and animal CT scan were used to functional analysis of THBS2 in CRC.
Thrombospondin 2 (THBS2) is aberrantly upregulated and linked to a poor prognosis in CRC. Subsequent experiments also showed that THBS2 promotes the proliferation of CRC cells. In terms of mechanism, THBS2 interacted with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), but not with the other toll-like receptors (TLRs), which upregulated the mRNA expression of
, and
and enhanced glycolytic capacity in CRC cells. Moreover, THBS2/TLR4 axis significantly increased the protein level of HIF-1α and blocking HIF-1α by siRNA reversed the enhanced glycolytic capacity and the upregulated expression of glycolytic enzymes in CRC cells.
Our findings revealed that the THBS2/TLR4 axis contributes to HIF-1α derived glycolysis and eventually promotes CRC progress.
Abstract
Background
PI3K/AKT signaling pathway plays important role in tumorigenesis of human cancer. Protein phosphorylation is crucial for signaling transduction of this pathway. PIK3CA, encoding ...the catalytic subunit p110α of PI3K complex, is one of the most frequently mutated oncogenes in human cancers. However, phosphorylation sites of PIK3CA/p110α and their underlying mechanism in tumorigenesis are largely unknown.
Methods
Tyrosine phosphorylation sites of PIK3CA/p110α are identified with Mass-Spectrum. Crispr/CAS9 strategy is applied to generate Y317F and Y508F mutant knock-in cell clones. The growth and metastasis abilities of cells are evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Phospho-proteomics analysis and Western blots are used to demonstrate downstream signaling pathways of PIK3CA/p110α tyrosine phosphorylation. In vitro kinase assay is applied to identify the kinase of PIK3CA/p110α tyrosine phosphorylation.
Results
Tyrosine phosphorylation of PIK3CA/p110α is stimulated by growth factors such as EGF, HGF and PDGF. Two tyrosine residues, Y317 and Y508, are identified on PIK3CA/p110α. Either Y317 or Y508 phosphorylation is essential for tumorigenesis of CRC. Mutation at Y317 of p110α reduces the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells through Src-MLC2 pathway, while mutation at Y508 of p110α impairs AKT signaling. Moreover, Src interacts with and phosphorylates p110α.
Conclusions
PIK3CA/p110α phosphorylation at Y317 and Y508 play important role in tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer through two independent pathways.
Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier 1 (MPC1), one of the rate-limiting proteins involved in glycolysis metabolism, has been demonstrated as a tumor inhibitor in several cancers. This study was conducted ...with the aim of exploring the role and underlying mechanisms of MPC2 in colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we found that MPC2 expression was decreased in CRC samples. According to the analysis on our TMA data, lower expression of MPC2 is correlated with a higher incidence of distant metastasis and lymph node invasion, bigger tumor size, low survival rate of patients, and advanced T stages. Functionally, in vivo/vitro experiments showed that MPC2 knockdown induced CRC cell proliferation and growth, while MPC2 overexpression inhibited the proliferation and growth of CRC. Further study demonstrated that MPC2 knockdown resulted in aerobic glycolysis in CRC cells. Similarly, MPC2 overexpression in CRC cells also caused inhibited aerobic glycolysis. Further study found that MPC2 knockdown in CRC cell lines activated the mTOR signaling pathway, and the addition of rapamycin reversed the promoting effect of MPC2 knockdown on CRC proliferation and glycolysis. Likewise, the addition of MHY1485 also reversed the MPC2 overexpression’s role in hindering aerobic glycolysis in CRC cells. Collectively, our study established that low expression of MPC2 led to CRC growth as well as aerobic glycolysis through the regulation of the mTOR pathway in CRC cells, indicating a potential biomarker and therapy target for CRC.
Vast diversity and high specificity of antigen recognition by antibodies are hallmarks of the acquired immune system. Although the molecular mechanisms that yield the extremely large antibody ...repertoires are precisely understood, comprehensive description of the global antibody repertoire generated in individual bodies has been hindered by the lack of powerful measures. To obtain holistic understanding of the antibody-repertoire space, we used next-generation sequencing (NGS) to analyze the deep profiles of naive and antigen-responding repertoires of the IgM, IgG1, and IgG2c classes formed in individual mice. The overall landscapes of naive IgM repertoires were almost the same for each mouse, whereas those of IgG1 and IgG2c differed considerably among naive individuals. Next, we immunized mice with a model antigen, nitrophenol (NP)-hapten linked to chicken γ-globulin (CGG) carrier, and compared the antigen-responding repertoires in individual mice. To extract the complete antigen response, we developed an intelligible method for detecting common components of antigen-responding repertoires. The major responding antibodies were IGHV1-72/IGHD1-1/IGHJ2 for NP-hapten and IGHV9-3/IGHD3-1/IGHJ2 for CGG-carrier protein. The antigen-binding specificities of the identified antibodies were confirmed through ELISA after antibody-gene synthesis and expression of the corresponding NGS reads. Thus, we deciphered antigen-responding antibody repertoires by inclusively analyzing the antibody-repertoire space generated in individual bodies by using NGS, which avoided inadvertent omission of key antibody repertoires.
•Global antigen-responding antibody repertoires in individuals remain undescribed.•An NGS-based method to decipher antibody repertoires in mice was established.•Naive and antigen-responding IgM, IgG1, and IgG2c repertoires were revealed.•NGS-output sequences were used for synthesizing and expressing antibody genes.•Antigen-binding specificity of the identified antibodies was confirmed using ELISA.
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