Cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) is a critical clinical condition induced by a cascade of cytokine activation, characterized by overwhelming systemic inflammation, hyperferritinaemia, haemodynamic ...instability and multiple organ failure (MOF). At the end of 2019, the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) emerged in Wuhan, China, and rapidly developed into a global pandemic. More and more evidence shows that there is a dramatic increase of inflammatory cytokines in patients with COVID‐19, suggesting the existence of cytokine storm in some critical illness patients. Here, we summarize the pathogenesis, clinical manifestation of CSS, and highlight the current understanding about the recognition and potential therapeutic options of CSS in COVID‐19.
Face-centered-cubic (fcc) type high entropy alloys (HEAs) exhibit outstanding ductility even at the liquid nitrogen temperature, but they are relatively weak in strength which is far from the ...requirements for practical structural applications. One of the general concepts employed previously in alloy design is the suppression of ‘brittle’ intermetallic compound formation which usually leads to a serious embrittlement. Surprisingly, we reveal in this study that the precipitation of hard σ and μ intermetallic compounds tremendously strengthened the CoCrFeNiMo0.3 HEA but without causing a serious embrittlement. It exhibits a tensile strength as high as 1.2 GPa and a good ductility of ∼19%. A careful study of the deformation behavior reveals that the fcc matrix exhibits an extremely high work hardening exponent of 0.75, which suppresses the propagation of microcracks originated at these brittle particles. Our work presents a very successful demonstration of using complex hard intermetallic particles to manipulate the properties of fcc-type HEA systems. Furthermore, lattice distortion has been carefully measured in powder-metallurgy materials by line broadening from X-ray diffraction (XRD). It is interesting to discover that lattice planes are highly distorted in HEAs and this distortion also contributes to solid solution hardening.
▪
As a saturable absorption material, the heterostructure with the van der Waals structure has been paid much attention in material science. In general, the heterogeneous combination is able to ...neutralize, or even exceed, the individual material's advantages in some aspects. In this paper, which describes the magnetron sputtering deposition method, the tapered fiber is coated by the MoS2-WS2 heterostructure, and the MoS2-WS2 heterostructure saturable absorber (SA) is fabricated. The modulation depth of the prepared MoS2-WS2 heterostructure SA is measured to be 19.12%. Besides, the theoretical calculations for the band gap and carrier mobility of the MoS2-WS2 heterostructure are provided. By employing the prepared SA, a stable and passively erbium-doped fiber laser is implemented. The generated pulse duration of 154 fs is certified to be the shortest among all fiber lasers based on transition mental dichalcogenides. Results in this paper provide the new direction for the fabrication of ultrafast photon modulation devices.
The process e+e- → Λ Λ ¯ is studied using data samples at √s = 2.2324, 2.400, 2.800 and 3.080 GeV collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider. The Born cross section is ...measured at √s=2.2324 GeV, which is 1.0 MeV above the Λ Λ ¯ mass threshold, to be 305±$45_{-36}^{+66}$ pb, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The substantial cross section near threshold is significantly larger than that expected from theory, which predicts the cross section to vanish at threshold. The Born cross sections at √s=2.400, 2.800 and 3.080 GeV are measured and found to be consistent with previous experimental results, but with improved precision. Finally, the corresponding effective electromagnetic form factors of Λ are deduced.
The cross section of the process e+e−→K+K− is measured at a number of center-of-mass energies s from 2.00 to 3.08 GeV with the BESIII detector at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPCII). The ...results provide the best precision achieved so far. A resonant structure around 2.2 GeV is observed in the cross section line shape. A Breit-Wigner fit yields a mass of M=2239.2±7.1±11.3 MeV/c2 and a width of Γ=139.8±12.3±20.6 MeV, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second ones are systematic. In addition, the timelike electromagnetic form factor of the kaon is determined at the individual center-of-mass energy points.
MicroRNAs are a class of small, non‐coding RNAs that can negatively regulate protein‐coding genes, and are associated with almost all known physiological and pathological processes, especially ...cancer. The number of studies documenting miRNA expression patterns in malignancy continues to expand rapidly, with continuously gained critical information regarding how aberrantly expressed miRNAs may contribute to carcinogenesis. miRNAs can influence cancer pathogenesis, playing a potential role as either oncogenes or tumour suppressors. Recently, several miRNAs have been reported to exert different regulatory functions in oesophageal cancer – the carcinoma typically arising from the epithelial lining of the oesophagus. These miRNAs also have potential clinical applications towards developing biomarkers or targets for possible use in diagnosis or therapy in oesophageal cancer. In this review, we have summarized the two (oncogenic or tumour suppressive) roles of miRNAs here, and their applications as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets, which may illuminate future treatment for oesophageal cancer.
The cross section of the e+e−→Λc+Λ¯c− process is measured with unprecedented precision using data collected with the BESIII detector at /¯s=4574.5, 4580.0, 4590.0 and 4599.5 MeV. The nonzero cross ...section near the Λc+Λ¯c− production threshold is cleared. At center-of-mass energies /¯s=4574.5 and 4599.5 MeV, the higher statistics data enable us to measure the Λc polar angle distributions. From these, the Λc electric over magnetic form-factor ratios (|GE/GM|) are measured for the first time. They are found to be 1.14±0.14±0.07 and 1.23±0.05±0.03, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.
PDF
