Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can cause end-organ diseases including pneumonia, gastroenteritis, retinitis, and encephalitis in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients. Potential differences among ...different CMV diseases remain uncertain. This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and mortality among different CMV diseases. A retrospective nested case-control study was performed based on a cohort of 3862 patients who underwent haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation at a single-center. CMV diseases occurred in 113 (2.92%) of 3862 haplo-HSCT recipients, including probable CMV pneumonia (CMVP,
n
= 34), proven CMV gastroenteritis (CMVG,
n
= 34), CMV retinitis (CMVR,
n
= 31), probable CMV encephalitis (CMVE,
n
= 7), and disseminated CMV disease (Di-CMVD,
n
= 7). Most (91.2%) cases of CMVG developed within 100 days, while most (90.3%) cases of CMVR were late onset. Refractory CMV infection and CMV viral load at different levels were associated with an increased risk of CMVP, CMVG, and CMVR. Compared with patients without CMV diseases, significantly higher non-relapse mortality at 1 year after transplantation was observed in patients with CMVP and CMVR, rather than CMVG. Patients with CMVP, Di-CMVD, and CMVE had higher overall mortality after diagnosis than that of patients with CMVG and CMVR (61.7%, 57.1%, 40.0% vs 27.7%, 18.6%,
P
= 0.001). In conclusion, the onset time, viral dynamics, and mortality differ among different CMV diseases. The mortality of CMV diseases remains high, especially for CMVP, Di-CMVD, and CMVE.
•ASA with the different Al/Si ratio were synthesized by a simple co-precipitation method.•The Al/Si ratio affects the Al coordination state, pore structure, acidity and surface properties of ...ASA.•Mo/ASA-4 with the largest amount of Mo atoms located at edge sites can provide the most amount of exposure Mo active sites.•Mo/ASA-4 catalyst achieves the highest yield of value light oil and the lowest yield of gas and coke due to its excellent hydrogenation activity.
To deeply illuminate the effect of ASA composition on its corresponding Mo catalyst properties and performance for the slurry-phase hydrocracking of vacuum residue, the amorphous silica-alumina (ASA) samples with the various ratios of Al to Si were successfully synthesized by a simple co-precipitation method, which have the different acid properties and pore structure, especially ASA-1 with lowest ratio of Al to Si owning the largest number of B acid sites and the highest volume of mesoporous. Additionally, the Mo catalyst supported on ASA-4 possesses the highest dispersion of MoS2 slabs and largest amount of Mo atoms located at the edge sites among all the catalyst, possibly due to the appropriate surface properties of ASA-4 derived from the ratio of Al to Si, it demonstrates that the most exposure Mo active sites are present on Mo/ASA-4 catalyst. The hydrocracking evaluation results show that the VR conversion over the different catalysts are similar, it may be ascribed to the variation of acid properties and pore structure insufficient to change VR cracking pathway because of the low catalyst dosage. Furthermore, the Mo/ASA-4 catalyst exhibits the higher yield of naphtha and middle distillate and inversely the lower yield of gas and coke in comparison with other catalysts, it should be attributed that the higher hydrogenation activity derived from the more exposure Mo active sites can efficiently restrain the over-cracking of the intermediate product and aggregation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the hydrocracking process.
Microbial community biofilm exists in the household drinking water system and would pose threat to water quality. This paper explored biofilm formation and chlorination resistance of ten dual-species ...biofilms in three typical household pipes (stainless steel (SS), polypropylene random (PPR), and copper), and investigated the role of interspecific interaction. Biofilm biomass was lowest in copper pipes and highest in PPR pipes. A synergistic or neutralistic relationship between bacteria was evident in most biofilms formed in SS pipes, whereas four groups displayed a competitive relationship in biofilms formed in copper pipe. Chlorine resistance of biofilms was better in SS pipes and worse in copper pipes. It may be helped by interspecific relationships, but was more dependent on bacteria and resistance mechanisms such as more stable extracellular polymeric substance. The corrosion sites may also protect bacteria from chlorination. The findings provide useful insights for microbial control strategies in household drinking water systems.
The mechanism of abrupt climate changes in east Asia since the last deglaciation remains poorly explored due to the low number of high-resolution geological archives. Here we present a major and ...trace element including rare-earth elements (REEs) analysis of a 6 m peat archive from the Hengduan Mountains to reconstruct the rapid changes in monsoonal climate since the last deglaciation. The physicochemical parameters and Ca/Mg ratio illustrated the ombrotrophic characterization of the Yuexi peat core over the last 8800 years. Abrupt increases in dust fluxes were identified during the Old Dryas (OD), the Younger Dryas (YD), and the 4.2 kyr cold event periods. The mineral dust flux remained quite stable and low during the middle Holocene. The lowest average dust deposition rate between 8800 and 5000 cal yr BP represents a baseline of long-term atmospheric dust flux in China. The Y/ΣREE, La/Yb, Y/Yb, Y/Er indicate that deserts in northwest China, the Loess Plateau, and Tibetan soils were the dominant dust sources to the Yuexi peatland. The comparison with global climatic records suggested a teleconnection between the climate change in southwest China and North Atlantic cooling events, which implies that the abrupt variation in dust fluxes was linked with Asian monsoons variations. Our results also reveal that increased human activities significantly contribute to the dust fluxes during the late Holocene.
•A 6-m peat geochemical record from southwest China documented the rapid monsoonal changes since the last deglaciation.•REEs tracers indicated the dust to the peatland sourced from northwest China deserts, the Loess Plateau, and Tibetan soils.•Abrupt increases in dust fluxes were identified during the Old Dryas, the Younger Dryas, and the 4.2-kyr event periods.•Increased human activities significantly contribute to the dust fluxes during the late Holocene.
Long-lived afterglow materials have attracted considerable interest in the fields of information security and illumination. Herein, a novel carbon dot (CD)-based thermally activated delayed ...fluorescence (TADF) material was synthesized by embedding sulfur-doped CDs (SCDs) into a graphitic carbon nitride matrix. The formation of covalent bonds between the matrix and SCDs enhances the stabilization of the triplet state in the composite, effectively suppressing nonradiative transitions. This stabilization, coupled with the effects of sulfur doping and covalent bonding, reduces the singlet–triplet splitting energy in the composite, thereby facilitating reverse intersystem crossing and resulting in TADF emission. This composite material has been successfully employed in the development of three types of CD-based white light–emitting diodes (WLEDs) excited by blue light. These WLEDs exhibit color temperatures of 7641, 5590, and 3215 K, with CIE coordinates of (0.30, 0.29), (0.33, 0.30), and (0.42, 0.40), respectively. The corresponding values of the color rendering index are recorded as 81.86, 90.13, and 75.07. In addition, this research provides a brief demonstration of the potential of the composite in information encryption and visible-light encryption applications. Furthermore, this study contributes to the advancement of CD utilization in the WLED field, promoting the development of next-generation CD-based WLEDs with exceptional properties.
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•Composite material based on sulfur-doped carbon dots (SCDs) embedded in g-C3N4 was developed by microwave treatment.•The sulfur doping and the covalent bond formation between SCDs and matrix resulting in TADF emissions.•Concept of information encryption was demonstrated based on the TADF emission in these CDs based composites.•High-efficiency fluorescence/TADF dual-emission delay WLED with high CRIs across various color temperatures was developed.
Inappropriate tillage practices and nitrogen (N) management have become seriously limitations for maize (Zea mays L.) yield and N use efficiency (NUE) in the North China Plain (NCP). In the current ...study, we examined the effects of strip deep rotary tillage (ST) combined with controlled-release (CR) urea on maize yield and NUE, and determined the physiological factors involved in yield formation and N accumulation during a 2-year field experiment. Compared with conventional rotary tillage (RT) and no-tillage (NT), ST increased the soil water content and soil mineral N content (Nmin) in the 20–40 cm soil layer due to reduction by 10.5 and 13.7% in the soil bulk density in the 0–40 cm soil layer, respectively. Compared with the values obtained by common urea (CU) fertilization, CR increased the Nmin in the 0–40 cm soil layers by 12.4 and 10.3% at the silking and maturity stages, respectively. As a result, root length and total N accumulation were enhanced under ST and CR urea, which promoted greater leaf area and dry matter (particularly at post-silking), eventually increasing the 1 000-kernel weight of maize. Thus, ST increased the maize yield by 8.3 and 11.0% compared with RT and NT, respectively, whereas CR urea increased maize yield by 8.9% above the values obtained under CU. Because of greater grain yield and N accumulation, ST combined with CR urea improved the NUE substantially. These results show that ST coupled with CR urea is an effective practice to further increase maize yield and NUE by improving soil properties and N supply, so it should be considered for sustainable maize production in the NCP (and other similar areas worldwide).
The Fujiawu Cu–Mo deposit is located in the southeastern part of South China. Mineralization and alteration at Fujiawu include stage 1 barren quartz-K-feldspar±biotite veins and stage 2 ...quartz-molybdenite veins with potassic alteration, stage 3 quartz-pyrite-chalcopyrite veins with phyllic alteration, and stage 4 barren quartz-pyrite-calcite-chlorite±epidote veins with propylitization. Two-phase liquid-rich (type I), two-phase gas-rich (type II) and halite-bearing (type III) aqueous inclusions were identified at Fujiawu. The last two types of fluid inclusions are absent in stages 1 and 4. Type I inclusions in stage 1 veins demonstrate homogenization temperatures (Th) of 409 to 556°C, with salinities of 7.8–14.4wt.% NaCl equivalent. Type III inclusions that homogenize by vapor bubble disappearance (type III a) and coexisting type II inclusions in stage 2 veins have Th of 370–460°C and 374–505°C, with salinities of 37.9–52.7 and 3.1–8.2wt.% NaCl equivalent, respectively. Type IIIa inclusions that homogenize by vapor bubble disappearance and coexisting type II inclusions in stage 3 veins yield Th 277–454°C and 323–450°C, with salinities of 33.5–49.8 and 1.5–7.9wt.% NaCl equivalent, respectively. Type I inclusions in stage 4 have Th of 146 to 279°C, with salinities lower than 4.9 wt.% NaCl equivalent. Type III inclusions that homogenize by halite disappearance (type III b) in stages 2 and 3 of veins were not formed during fluid boiling processes and could yield extremely high trapping pressures. The abundant presence of boiling fluid inclusion assemblages at Fujiawu suggests that extensive multi-stage boiling events promoted the large scale Cu–Mo mineralization. Type IIIb inclusions cannot be regard as the end member of boiling inclusion assemblages and cannot be used to calculate trapping conditions. The estimated trapping pressures estimated by type IIIa inclusions are 132 to 284 bars and 44 to 264 bars in stages 2 and 3, respectively. Re–Os dating of molybdenite gives a weighted average187Re/187Os model age of 172±1Ma, in response to a localized extensional environment due to a far-field stress at the South China plate margin resulting from the initial paleo-Pacific plate northwestward subduction. The high Re contents in molybdenite, in combination of previously reported high MgO contents of ore-related porphyries and regional history, indicate that ancient subduction-modified lithospheric mantle was crucial for the Fujiawu Cu–Mo deposit.
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•Multi-stage fluid boiling corresponds to the Cu and Mo mineralization at Fujiawu.•High-salinity inclusions were not produced by fluid boiling.•The Fujiawu deposit was generated in a localized extensional setting.•Subduction-modified lithospheric mantle is an important metal source.
Abstract
The increasing incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is of great concern globally, but the molecular pathogenesis of these tumors remains unclear. Sorafenib is a first-line drug for ...the treatment of advanced HCC. However, the efficacy of sorafenib in improving patient survival is limited, and most patients inevitably develop resistance to this drug. Recent studies have demonstrated that the activation of the IRE1α–XBP1s pathway might play a protective role in the response to sorafenib and contribute to malignancy in HCC. Here, we found that RCN1, an endoplasmic reticulum resident protein, is significantly upregulated in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells and promotes tumor progression. Our analysis showed that RCN1 may be an independent predictor of tumor recurrence and overall survival. Mechanistically, RCN1 promotes the dissociation of GRP78 from IRE1α in sorafenib-resistant cells by interacting with GRP78 through its EFh1/2 domain. Subsequently, the IRE1α–XBP1s pathway, a branch of the unfolded protein response, is sustainably activated. Interestingly, IRE1α–XBP1s pathway activity is required for c-MYC signaling, one of the most highly activated oncogenic pathways in HCC. These results suggest that RCN1-targeted therapy might be a feasible strategy for the treatment of HCC.
•60.6% of participants would be willing to receive COVID-19 vaccine, 33.4% were hesitant to vaccination, and 6.0% were resistant to vaccination.•Social media platforms and government agencies were ...the main sources of information vaccination.•Worry about the efficacy and adverse effects were the top two common reason of vaccine hesitancy and resistance.
Vaccination is an important preventive measure against the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. We aimed to examine the willingness to vaccination and influencing factors among college students in China.
From March 18 to April 26, 2021, we conducted a cross-sectional online survey among college students from 30 universities in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The survey was composed of the sociodemographic information, psychological status, experience during pandemic, the willingness of vaccination and related information. Students’ attitudes towards vaccination were classified as ‘vaccine acceptance’, ‘vaccine hesitancy’, and ‘vaccine resistance’. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the influencing factors associated with vaccine hesitancy and resistance.
Among 23,143 students who completed the survey, a total of 22,660 participants were included in the final analysis with an effective rate of 97.9% after excluding invalid questionnaires. A total of 60.6% of participants would be willing to receive COVID-19 vaccine, 33.4% were hesitant to vaccination, and 6.0% were resistant to vaccination. Social media platforms and government agencies were the main sources of information vaccination. Worry about the efficacy and adverse effects of vaccine were the top two common reason of vaccine hesitancy and resistance. Multiple multinomial logistic regression analysis identified that participants who worried about the adverse effects of vaccination were more likely to be vaccine hesitancy (aOR = 2.44, 95% CI = 2.30, 2.58) and resistance (aOR = 2.71, 95% CI = 2.40, 3.05).
More than half of college students are willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, whereas nearly one-third college students are still hesitant or resistant. It is crucial to provide sufficient and scientific information on the efficacy and safety of vaccine through social media and government agencies platforms to promote vaccine progress against COVID-19 and control the pandemic in China.
Abstract
The National Genomics Data Center (NGDC), part of the China National Center for Bioinformation (CNCB), provides a suite of database resources to support worldwide research activities in both ...academia and industry. With the explosive growth of multi-omics data, CNCB-NGDC is continually expanding, updating and enriching its core database resources through big data deposition, integration and translation. In the past year, considerable efforts have been devoted to 2019nCoVR, a newly established resource providing a global landscape of SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences, variants, and haplotypes, as well as Aging Atlas, BrainBase, GTDB (Glycosyltransferases Database), LncExpDB, and TransCirc (Translation potential for circular RNAs). Meanwhile, a series of resources have been updated and improved, including BioProject, BioSample, GWH (Genome Warehouse), GVM (Genome Variation Map), GEN (Gene Expression Nebulas) as well as several biodiversity and plant resources. Particularly, BIG Search, a scalable, one-stop, cross-database search engine, has been significantly updated by providing easy access to a large number of internal and external biological resources from CNCB-NGDC, our partners, EBI and NCBI. All of these resources along with their services are publicly accessible at https://bigd.big.ac.cn.
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